[1]
Abdy, R. 2002. A Survey of the Coin Finds from the Antonine Wall. Britannia. 33, (2002). https://doi.org/10.2307/1558859.
[2]
Alastair Strang 1997. Explaining Ptolemy’s Roman Britain. Britannia. 28, (1997), 1–30.
[3]
Allason-Jones, L. et al. 1985. Coventina’s Well: a shrine on Hadrian’s Wall. Trustees of the Clayton Collection, Chesters Museum.
[4]
Allason-Jones, L. 1989. Women in Roman Britain. British Museum Publications.
[5]
Allison, P.M. et al. 2005. Extracting the social relevance of artefact distribution in Roman military forts. Internet Archaeology. 17 (2005). https://doi.org/10.11141/ia.17.4.
[6]
Allison, P.M. 2006. Mapping for gender. Interpreting artefact distribution inside 1st- and 2nd-century A.D. forts in Roman Germany. Archaeological Dialogues. 13, 01 (June 2006). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203806211851.
[7]
Anne Robertson 1970. Roman Finds from Non-Roman Sites in Scotland: More Roman ‘Drift’ in Caledonia. Britannia. 1, (1970), 198–226.
[8]
Armit, I. 1999. The abandonment of souterrains: evolution, catastrophe or dislocation. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 129, (1999), 577–596.
[9]
Bailey, G. 2010. An early Antonine fort at Mumrills. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 140, (2010), 93–103.
[10]
Bailey, G.B. 1995. The Antonine frontier in Callendar Park, Falkirk: its form and structural sequence. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 125, (1995), 577–600.
[11]
Bailey, G.B. 1994. The provision of fort-annexes on the Antonine Wall. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 124, (1994), 299–314.
[12]
Baker, P.A. and Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 1999. TRAC 98: proceedings of the eighth annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, which took place at the University of Leicester, April 1998. Oxbow Books.
[13]
Banks, I. et al. 2002. In the shadow of the brochs: the Iron Age in Scotland. Tempus.
[14]
Barrett, J. et al. 1989. Barbarians and Romans in North-West Europe: from the later Republic to late Antiquity. BAR.
[15]
Barrett, J. et al. 1989. Barbarians and Romans in North-West Europe: from the later Republic to late Antiquity. BAR.
[16]
Barrett, J. et al. 1989. Barbarians and Romans in North-West Europe: from the later Republic to late Antiquity. BAR.
[17]
Bateson, J.D. 1976. Further Finds of Roman Material from Ireland. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature. 76, (1976), 171–180.
[18]
Bateson, J.D. 1973. Roman Material from Ireland: A Re-Consideration. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature. 73, (1973), 21–97.
[19]
Bateson, J.D. and Hanson, W.S. 1990. A Flavian Hoard from Scotland: a Foundation Deposit? The Numismatic Chronicle (1966-). 150, (1990), 233–236.
[20]
Bateson, J.D. and Holmes, N.M.McQ. 2003. Roman and medieval coins found in Scotland, 1996-2000. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 133, (2003), 245–276.
[21]
Bateson, J.D. and Holmes, N.M.McQ. 2006. Roman and medieval coins found in Scotland, 2001-2005. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 136, (2006), 161–198.
[22]
Baviera et al. 1932. Bayerische Vorgeschichtsblätter. (1932).
[23]
Becker, T. 2006. Women in Roman forts – lack of knowledge or a social claim? Archaeological Dialogues. 13, 01 (June 2006). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1380203806261853.
[24]
Bellhouse, R. et al. 2004. Romans on the Solway: essays in honour of Richard Bellhouse. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society.
[25]
Bidwell, P. 2005. The systems of obstacles on Hadrians Wall: their extent, date and purpose. The Arbeia Journal. 8, (2005), 53–76.
[26]
Bidwell, P.T. et al. 1999. Hadrian’s Wall, 1989-1999: a summary of recent excavations and research prepared for the Twelfth Pilgrimage of Hadrian’s Wall, 14-21 August 1999. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society and the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne.
[27]
Bidwell, P.T. et al. 2009. The Roman army in Northern England. Arbeia Society, on behalf of the Organising Committee of the XXIst International Limes (Roman Frontiers Studies) Congress, Newcastle upon Tyne.
[28]
Bidwell, P.T. et al. 2008. Understanding Hadrian’s Wall: papers from a conference held at South Shields, 3rd-5th November, 2006, to mark the publication of the 14th edition of the Handbook to the Roman Wall. Arbeia Society.
[29]
Bidwell, P.T. et al. 2008. Understanding Hadrian’s Wall: papers from a conference held at South Shields, 3rd-5th November, 2006, to mark the publication of the 14th edition of the Handbook to the Roman Wall. Arbeia Society.
[30]
Bidwell, P.T. and English Heritage 1997. English Heritage book of Roman forts in Britain. Batsford/English Heritage.
[31]
Birley, A.R. 1979. The people of Roman Britain. B.T. Batsford Ltd.
[32]
Birley, A.R. 2005. The Roman government of Britain. Oxford University Press.
[33]
Birley, A.R. and Birley, A.R. 1988. The African emperor: Septimius Severus. Batsford.
[34]
Birley, E. 1953. Roman Britain and the Roman army: collected papers. Titus Wilson.
[35]
Birley, R. 1977. Vindolanda: a Roman frontier post on Hadrian’s Wall. Thames and Hudson.
[36]
Bishop, M.C. et al. 2004. Inveresk Gate: excavations in the Roman civil settlement at Inveresk, East Lothian, 1996-2000. Scottish Trust for Archaeological Research.
[37]
Bishop, M.C. et al. 2002. Roman Inveresk: past, present and future : papers from a seminar held at the National Museum of Scotland on Wednesday 8th December 1999. Armatvra [i.e. Armatura].
[38]
Bishop, M.C. et al. 2002. Roman Inveresk: past, present and future : papers from a seminar held at the National Museum of Scotland on Wednesday 8th December 1999. Armatvra [i.e. Armatura].
[39]
Bishop, M.C. et al. 2002. Roman Inveresk: past, present and future : papers from a seminar held at the National Museum of Scotland on Wednesday 8th December 1999. Armatvra [i.e. Armatura].
[40]
Bowman, A.K. 1994. Life and letters on the Roman frontier: Vindolanda and its people. British Museum Press.
[41]
Braund, D. 1996. Ruling Roman Britain: kings, queens, governors and emperors from Julius Caesar to Agricola. Routledge.
[42]
Breeze, D.J. et al. 2009. First contact: Rome and northern Britain. Tayside and Fife Archaeological Committee.
[43]
Breeze, D.J. et al. 2009. First contact: Rome and northern Britain. Tayside and Fife Archaeological Committee.
[44]
Breeze, D.J. et al. 2009. First contact: Rome and northern Britain. Tayside and Fife Archaeological Committee.
[45]
Breeze, D.J. et al. 2009. First contact: Rome and northern Britain. Tayside and Fife Archaeological Committee.
[46]
Breeze, D.J. Roman forces and native populations. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[47]
Breeze, D.J. et al. 1976. Soldiers’ Burials at Camelon, Stirlingshire, 1922 and 1975. Britannia. 7, (1976). https://doi.org/10.2307/525763.
[48]
Breeze, D.J. The manufacture of pottery in Roman Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[49]
Breeze, D.J. 1982. The northern frontiers of Roman Britain. Batsford Academic and Educational.
[50]
Breeze, D.J. et al. 1974. The Roman Fortlet at Barburgh Mill, Dumfriesshire. Britannia. 5, (1974). https://doi.org/10.2307/525725.
[51]
Breeze, D.J. and Dobson, B. 2000. Hadrian’s Wall. Penguin.
[52]
Breeze, D.J. and Historic Scotland 2006. The Antonine Wall. John Donald.
[53]
Breeze, D.J. and Mann, J.C. Ptolemy, Tacitus and the tribes of north Britain. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[54]
British Archaeological Association et al. 1844. The Archaeological journal. (1844).
[55]
Bruce, J.C. et al. 2006. Handbook to the Roman Wall. Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne.
[56]
Burnham, B.C. and Davies, J.L. 2010. Roman frontiers in Wales and the Marches. Royal Commission on the Ancient & Historical Monuments of Wales.
[57]
Campbell, D.B. 2003. The Roman Siege of Burnswark. Britannia. 34, (2003). https://doi.org/10.2307/3558535.
[58]
Carson, R.A.G. et al. 1978. Scripta nummaria Romana: essays presented to Humphrey Sutherland. Spink.
[59]
Caruana, I.D. et al. 1992. Carlisle: Excavation of a Section of the Annexe Ditch of the First Flavian Fort, 1990. Britannia. 23, (1992). https://doi.org/10.2307/526104.
[60]
Clack, P.A.G. and Haselgrove, S. 1982. Rural settlement in the Roman North. Department of Archeology, Durham University.
[61]
Clarke, J. et al. 1952. The Roman occupation of South-western Scotland: being reports of excavations and surveys carried out under the auspices of the Glasgow Archaeological Society. Maclehose.
[62]
Clarke, S. and Wise, A. Evidence for extramural settlement north of the Roman fort at Newstead (Trimontium), Roxburghshire. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[63]
Collard, et al, M. A Roman burial from Cramond (Edinburgh) rediscovered. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[64]
Collingwood, R.G. and Wright, R.P. 1965. The Roman inscriptions of Britain: 1: Inscriptions on stone. Clarendon P.
[65]
Collingwood, R.G. and Wright, R.P. 1965. The Roman inscriptions of Britain: 1: Inscriptions on stone. Clarendon P.
[66]
Collins, R. et al. 2010. Finds from the frontier: material culture in the 4th-5th centuries. Council for British Archaeology.
[67]
Cook, M. et al. 2008. Rituals, roundhouses and Romans: excavations at Kintore, Aberdeenshire, 2000-2006, Volume I: Forest Road. Scottish Trust for Archaeological Research.
[68]
Cool, H.E.M. 2006. Eating and Drinking in Roman Britain. Cambridge University Press.
[69]
Creighton, J. 2000. Coins and power in late Iron Age Britain. Cambridge University Press.
[70]
Croxford, B. and Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 2006. TRAC 2005: proceedings of the fifteenth annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference which took place at the University of Birmingham, 31st March-3rd April 2005. Oxbow Books.
[71]
Curle, J. A Roman Frontier Post and its People.
[72]
Driessen, M. and Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 2009. TRAC 2008: proceedings of the eighteenth annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference which took place at the University of Amsterdam, 4-6 March 2008. Oxbow Books.
[73]
Dumayne, L. and Barber, K.E. 1994. The impact of the Romans on the environment of northern England: pollen data from three sites close to Hadrian’s Wall. The Holocene. 4, 2 (Jan. 1994), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1177/095968369400400206.
[74]
Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society 1964. Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society. (1964).
[75]
Edwards, K.J. and Ralston, I. 2003. Scotland after the Ice Age: environment, archaeology and history, 8000 BC - AD 1000. Edinburgh University Press.
[76]
Edwards, K.J. and Ralston, I. 2003. Scotland after the Ice Age: environment, archaeology and history, 8000 BC - AD 1000. Edinburgh University Press.
[77]
Erdrich, et al, M. Traprain Law: native and Roman on the northern frontier. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[78]
Evans, J.G. et al. 1975. The effect of man on the landscape: the Highland Zone. Council for British Archaeology.
[79]
Ferris, I.M. 2000. Enemies of Rome: barbarians through Roman eyes. Sutton Publishing.
[80]
Fincham, G. and Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 2000. TRAC 99: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference which took place at the University of Durham, April 1999. Oxbow Books.
[81]
Fincham, G. and Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 2000. TRAC 99: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference which took place at the University of Durham, April 1999. Oxbow Books.
[82]
Fraser, J.E. 2005. The Roman conquest of Scotland: the Battle of Mons Graupius AD 84. Tempus Publishing.
[83]
Frere, S.S. 1991. Britannia: a history of Roman Britain. Pimlico.
[84]
Gillam, J.P. et al. 1977. Roman pottery studies in Britain and beyond: papers presented to John Gillam, July 1977. BAR.
[85]
Goldsworthy, A.K. et al. 1999. The Roman army as a community: including papers of a conference held at Birkbeck College, University of London on 11-12 January, 1997. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[86]
Goldsworthy, A.K. et al. 1999. The Roman army as a community: including papers of a conference held at Birkbeck College, University of London on 11-12 January, 1997. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[87]
Goldsworthy, A.K. 1996. The Roman army at war: 100 BC-AD 200. Clarendon Press.
[88]
Graeme Whittington and Kevin J. Edwards 1993. ‘Ubi solitudinem faciunt pacem appellant’: The Romans in Scotland, a Palaeoenvironmental Contribution. Britannia. 24, (1993), 13–25.
[89]
Gregory, R 2001. Excavations by the late G.D.B. Jones and C.M. Daniels along the Moray Firth littoral.
[90]
Groenman-Van Waateringe, W. and International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies 1997. Roman frontier studies 1995: proceedings of the XVIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. Oxbow.
[91]
Gwilt, A. and Haselgrove, C. 1997. Reconstructing Iron Age societies: new approaches to the British Iron Age. Oxbow Books.
[92]
Gwilt, A. and Haselgrove, C. 1997. Reconstructing Iron Age societies: new approaches to the British Iron Age. Oxbow Books.
[93]
Hanson, W.S. 2007. A Roman frontier fort in Scotland: Elginhaugh. Tempus Publishing.
[94]
Hanson, W.S. 1987. Agricola and the conquest of the North. Batsford.
[95]
Hanson, W.S. et al. 2007. Elginhaugh: a Flavian fort and its annexe. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies.
[96]
Hanson, W.S. et al. 2007. Elginhaugh: a Flavian fort and its annexe. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies.
[97]
Hanson, W.S. 1996. Forest Clearance and the Roman Army. Britannia. 27, (1996). https://doi.org/10.2307/527052.
[98]
Hanson, W.S. et al. 1983. Minor Enclosures on the Antonine Wall at Wilderness Plantation. Britannia. 14, (1983). https://doi.org/10.2307/526351.
[99]
Hanson, W.S. Roman campaigns north of the Forth-Clyde isthmus: the evidence of the temporary camps. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[100]
Hanson, W.S. 2009. The army and frontiers of Rome: papers offered to David J. Breeze on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, and his retirement from ‘Historic Scotland’. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[101]
Hanson, W.S. 2009. The army and frontiers of Rome: papers offered to David J. Breeze on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, and his retirement from ‘Historic Scotland’. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[102]
Hanson, W.S. 2009. The army and frontiers of Rome: papers offered to David J. Breeze on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, and his retirement from ‘Historic Scotland’. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[103]
Hanson, W.S. 2009. The army and frontiers of Rome: papers offered to David J. Breeze on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, and his retirement from ‘Historic Scotland’. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[104]
Hanson, W.S. 2009. The army and frontiers of Rome: papers offered to David J. Breeze on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, and his retirement from ‘Historic Scotland’. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[105]
Hanson, W.S. 2009. The army and frontiers of Rome: papers offered to David J. Breeze on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, and his retirement from ‘Historic Scotland’. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[106]
Hanson, W.S. 2002. Zones of interaction: Roman and native in Scotland. Antiquity. 76, 2 (2002).
[107]
Hanson, W.S. and Maxwell, G.S. 1986. Rome’s north west frontier: the Antonine Wall. Edinburgh University Press.
[108]
Harding, D.W. 1976. Hillforts: later prehistoric earthworks in Britain and Ireland. Academic Press.
[109]
Harding, D.W. 2004. The Iron Age in northern Britain: Celts and Romans, natives and invaders. Routledge.
[110]
Hartley, B.R. 1972. The Roman Occupations of Scotland: The Evidence of Samian Ware. Britannia. 3, (1972). https://doi.org/10.2307/526021.
[111]
Haselgrove, C. and Moore, T. 2007. The Later Iron Age in Britain and beyond. Oxbow Books.
[112]
Haselgrove, C. and Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 2009. The Traprain Law Environs Project: fieldwork and excavations 2000-2004. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[113]
Hassall, M.W.C. et al. 2009. Roman Inscriptions of Britain: Vol.3: Inscriptions on stone found or notified between 1 January 1955 and 31 December 2006. Oxbow Books Ltd.
[114]
Hassall, M.W.C. et al. 2009. Roman Inscriptions of Britain: Vol.3: Inscriptions on stone found or notified between 1 January 1955 and 31 December 2006. Oxbow Books Ltd.
[115]
Henig, M. 1984. Religion in Roman Britain. Batsford.
[116]
Higham, N.J. Archaeology of the Roman Empire: a tribute to the life and works of Professor Barri Jones. British Archaeological Reports.
[117]
Higham, N.J. 1986. The northern counties to AD 1000. Longman.
[118]
Hill, P.R. 2004. The construction of Hadrian’s wall. Archaeopress.
[119]
Hingley, R. et al. 2007. Roman finds: context and theory : proceedings of a conference held at the University of Durham, July 2002. Oxbow.
[120]
Hingley, R. Society in Scotland from 700 BC to AD 200. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[121]
Hodgson, N. et al. 2009. Hadrian’s Wall 1999-2009: a summary of recent excavations and research prepared for the Thirteenth Pilgrimage of Hadrian’s Wall, 8-14 August 2009. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society and the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne.
[122]
Hodgson, N. 2011. The Provenance of RIB 1389 and the Rebuilding of Hadrian’s Wall in AD 158. The Antiquaries Journal. 91, (Sept. 2011), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581511000072.
[123]
Hodgson, N. 2000. The Stanegate: A Frontier Rehabilitated. Britannia. 31, (2000). https://doi.org/10.2307/526915.
[124]
Hodgson, N. 1995. Were There Two Antonine Occupations of Scotland? Britannia. 26, (1995). https://doi.org/10.2307/526870.
[125]
Hodgson, N. and International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies 2009. Roman Scotland: XXI International Limes (Roman Frontier Studies) Congress, Newcastle upon Tyne : a handbook to accompany the post-Congress excursion to Scotland, 24-26 August 2009. Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums.
[126]
Hodgson, N. and Tyne and Wear Museums Service 2003. The Roman fort at Wallsend: (segedunum) : excavations in 1997-8. Tyne & Wear Museums.
[127]
Holder, P.A. 1982. The Roman army in Britain. Batsford.
[128]
Hunter, F. et al. 2012. A Roman frontier post and its people: Newstead 1911-2011. NMS Enterprises Limited.
[129]
Hunter, F. et al. 2012. A Roman frontier post and its people: Newstead 1911-2011. NMS Enterprises Limited.
[130]
Hunter, F. et al. 2012. A Roman frontier post and its people: Newstead 1911-2011. NMS Enterprises Limited.
[131]
Hunter, F. et al. 2013. Late Roman silver: the Traprain treasure in context. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[132]
Hunter, F. New light on Iron Age massive armlets. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[133]
Hunter, F. and Carruthers, M. Scotland: the Roman presence, ScARF (Scottish Archaeological Research Framework) Summary Roman Panel document.
[134]
Hunter, F. and Groam House Museum 2007. Beyond the edge of the empire: Caledonians, Picts and Romans. Groam House Museum.
[135]
International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies 1977. Vorträge des 10. Internationalen Limeskongresses in der Germania Inferior. Rheinland-Verlag, in Kommission bei Habelt.
[136]
Ireland, S. 1996. Roman Britain: a sourcebook. Routledge.
[137]
J. C. MANN 1974. THE NORTHERN FRONTIER AFTER A.D. 369. Glasgow Archaeological Journal. 3, (1974), 34–42.
[138]
Jarrett, M.G. et al. 1997. Roman Maryport and its setting: essays in memory of Michael G. Jarrett. Published on behalf of the Trustees of the Senhouse Roman Museum, Maryport, by the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society.
[139]
Jarrett, M.G. et al. 1997. Roman Maryport and its setting: essays in memory of Michael G. Jarrett. Published on behalf of the Trustees of the Senhouse Roman Museum, Maryport, by the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society.
[140]
John (ed) PHILLIPSON Archaeologia Aeliana or miscellaneous tracts relating to antiquity, fifth series, volume II. Society of Antiquaries; 1st ed edition (1974).
[141]
Johnson, A. 1983. Roman forts of the 1st and 2nd centuries AD in Britain and the German provinces. A. & C. Black.
[142]
Jones, B. and Mattingly, D.J. 1990. An atlas of Roman Britain. Blackwell Reference.
[143]
Jones, R.H. 2012. Roman camps in Britain. Amberley Publishing.
[144]
Jones, R.H. and Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 2011. Roman camps in Scotland. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[145]
Kandler, M. et al. 1986. Der römische Limes in Österreich: ein Führer. Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften.
[146]
Keppie, L.J.F. 1991. Understanding Roman inscriptions. Batsford.
[147]
Keppie, L.J.F. and Arnold, B.J. 1984. Corpus signorum Imperii Romani: Vol.1, fasc.4: Great Britain ; Scotland. Published for British Academy by the Oxford Unversity Press.
[148]
Keppie, L.J.F. and Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 1998. Roman inscribed and sculptured stones in the Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies.
[149]
Kilbride-Jones, H.E. Glass armlets in Britain. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[150]
Knights, B.A. et al. 1983. Evidence concerning the roman military diet at Bearsden, Scotland, in the 2nd Century AD. Journal of Archaeological Science. 10, 2 (Mar. 1983), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(83)90048-1.
[151]
Küster, H. and Körber-Grohne, U. 1989. Archäobotanik: Symposium der Universität Hohenheim (Stuttgart) vom 11.-16. Juli 1988. Borntraeger.
[152]
Lelong, O. et al. 2007. The lands of ancient Lothian: interpreting the archaeology of the A1. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[153]
Luttwak, E. 1976. The grand strategy of the Roman Empire from the first century A.D. to the third. Johns Hopkins University Press.
[154]
Macdonald, G. 1934. The Roman Wall in Scotland. Clarendon Press.
[155]
MacGregor, M. 1976. Early Celtic art in North Britain: a study of decorative metalwork from the third century B.C. to the third century A.D. Leicester University Press.
[156]
Macinnes, L. Brochs and the Roman occupation of lowland Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[157]
Macready, S. and Thompson, F.H. 1984. Cross-Channel trade between Gaul and Britain in the pre-Roman Iron Age. Society of Antiquaries of London.
[158]
Manley, J. 2002. AD 43: the Roman invasion of Britain : a reassessment. Tempus.
[159]
Mann, J.C. 1969. The northern frontier in Britain from Hadrian to Honorius: literary and epigraphic sources. Museum of Antiquities.
[160]
Mann, J.C. and Breeze, D.J. 1987. Ptolemy, Tacitus and the tribes of north Britain. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 117, (1987).
[161]
Manning, W.H. 1972. Ironwork Hoards in Iron Age and Roman Britain. 3, (1972).
[162]
Mattingly, D.J. 2007. An imperial possession: Britain in the Roman Empire, 54 BC-AD 409. Penguin Books.
[163]
Maxfield, V.A. 1986. Pre-Flavian Forts and Their Garrisons. 17, (1986).
[164]
Maxwell, G.S. 1990. A battle lost: Romans and Caledonians at Mons Graupius. Edinburgh University Press.
[165]
Maxwell, G.S. 1984. New Frontiers: The Roman Fort at Doune and Its Possible Significance. 15, (1984).
[166]
Maxwell, G.S. 1983. Recent Aerial Discoveries in Roman Scotland: Drumquhassle, Elginhaugh and Woodhead. 14, (1983).
[167]
Maxwell, G.S. 1989. The Romans in Scotland. J. Thin, the Mercat Press.
[168]
Maxwell, G.S. 1983. Two inscribed Roman stones and architectural fragments from Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 113, (1983).
[169]
Meadows, K. et al. 1997. TRAC 96: proceedings of the sixth annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference : hosted by the Research School of Archaeology & Archaeological Science, the University of Sheffield, March 30th & 31st 1996. Oxbow books.
[170]
Miket, R. et al. 1984. Between and beyond the walls: essays on the prehistory and history of North Britain in honour of George Jobey. John Donald.
[171]
Miket, R. et al. 1984. Between and beyond the walls: essays on the prehistory and history of North Britain in honour of George Jobey. John Donald.
[172]
Miket, R. et al. 1984. Between and beyond the walls: essays on the prehistory and history of North Britain in honour of George Jobey. John Donald.
[173]
Miller, M. 1975. Stilicho’s Pictish War. Britannia. 6, (1975). https://doi.org/10.2307/525995.
[174]
Morillo Cerdán, Á. et al. 2009. Limes XX. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.
[175]
Murray Cook Rituals, Roundhouses and Romans: Vol. 2 Other Sites. Scottish Trust for Archaeological Research.
[176]
N. J. Higham Archaeology of the Roman Empire. British Archaeological Reports.
[177]
PAUL MASSER, LINDSAY ALLASON-JONES, DONAL BATESON, JEREMY EVANS and STEVEN WILLIS 2002. Recent Work at Drumquhassle Roman Fort, Stirlingshire. Scottish Archaeological Journal. 24, 2 (2002), 147–168.
[178]
Penman, R.G. et al. 1985. Literary sources for Roman Britain. London Association of Classical Teachers.
[179]
Pitts, L.F. et al. 1985. Inchtuthil: the Roman legionary fortress excavations, 195-65. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies.
[180]
Plouviez, J. and Study Group for Roman Pottery 2003. Journal of Roman pottery studies: Vol. 10: Amphorae in Britain and the western empire. Oxbow Books.
[181]
Poulter, J. and McKeague, P. 2009. Surveying Roman military landscapes across Northern Britain: the planning of Roman Dere Street, Hadrian’s Wall and the Vallum, and the Antonine Wall in Scotland. Archaeopress.
[182]
Poulter J. S. 2010. The planning of Roman roads and walls in northern Britain. Amberley.
[183]
R. W. Davies 1972. The Romans at Burnswark. Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. (1972), 99–113.
[184]
Rankov, N.B. 1987. M. Oclatinius Adventus in Britain. Britannia. 18, (1987), 243–249.
[185]
Richmond, I.A. 1958. Roman and native in north Britain. Nelson.
[186]
Richmond, I.A. and McIntyre, J. 1939. The Agricolan Fort at Fendoch. (1939).
[187]
Richmond, I.A. and Steer, K. 1957. Castellum Veluniate and Civilians on a Roman Frontier. (1957).
[188]
Rivet, A.L.F. and Smith, C. 1979. The place-names of Roman Britain. Batsford.
[189]
Robertson, A.S. et al. 1975. Bar Hill: a Roman fort and its finds. BAR.
[190]
Robertson, A.S. et al. 2001. The Antonine Wall: a handbook to the surviving remains. Glasgow Archaeological Society.
[191]
Robertson, E.C. and University of Calgary Archaeological Association 2006. Space and spatial analysis in archaeology. University of Calgary Press.
[192]
Royal Scottish Forestry Society 1947. Scottish forestry. (1947).
[193]
Rush, P. and Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 1995. Theoretical Roman archaeology: second conference proceedings. Avebury.
[194]
S. S. Frere 2000. M. Maenius Agrippa, the ‘Expeditio Britannica’ and Maryport. Britannia. 31, (2000), 23–28.
[195]
Salway, P. 1981. Roman Britain. Clarendon Press.
[196]
Salway, P. 1965. The frontier people of Roman Britain. Cambridge U.P.
[197]
Sauer, E.W. and Dawson Books 2004. Archaeology and ancient history: breaking down the boundaries. Routledge.
[198]
Shirley, E. 2001. Building a Roman legionary fortress. Tempus.
[199]
Shotter, D.C.A. 2000. Petillius Cerialis in Northern Britain. Northern History. 36, 2 (Sept. 2000), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1179/007817200790177879.
[200]
Simpson, J. et al. 1866. Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society. (1866).
[201]
Smout, T.C. 1992. Scotland and the sea. John Donald.
[202]
Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 1970. Britannia. (1970).
[203]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1925. Archaeologia aeliana: 4th series. (1925).
[204]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1973. Archaeologia aeliana: 5th series. (1973).
[205]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1973. Archaeologia aeliana: 5th series. (1973).
[206]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1973. Archaeologia aeliana: 5th series. (1973).
[207]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1973. Archaeologia aeliana: 5th series. (1973).
[208]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1973. Archaeologia aeliana: 5th series. (1973).
[209]
Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne 1973. Archaeologia aeliana: 5th series. (1973).
[210]
Sommer, C.S. 1984. The military vici in Roman Britain: aspects of their origins, their location and layout, administration, function and end. B.A.R.
[211]
Steer, K.A. 1954. The Roman Fort and Temporary Camp at Oakwood. (1954).
[212]
Stevenson, R.B.K. 1976. Romano-British Glass Bangles. Glasgow Archaeological Journal. 4, 4 (Jan. 1976), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.3366/gas.1976.4.4.45.
[213]
Strang, A. 1998. Recreating a possible Flavian Map of Roman Britain, with a Detailed Map for Scotland. (1998).
[214]
Swan, V.G. 1999. The Twentieth Legion and the History of the Antonine Wall Reconsidered. (1999).
[215]
Symonds, M.F.A. et al. 2009. Frontiers of knowledge: a research framework for Hadrian’s Wall, part of the frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage site. Durham County Council and Durham University.
[216]
T. W. T. Tatton-Brown 1980. Camelon, Arthur’s O’on and the Main Supply Base for the Antonine Wall. Britannia. 11, (1980), 340–343.
[217]
Tacitus, C. et al. 2009. Agricola: and  Germany. Oxford University Press.
[218]
Tacitus, C. et al. 1967. Cornelii Taciti De vita Agricolae. Clarendon Press.
[219]
Tacitus and Woodman, A.J. 2014. Tacitus: Agricola. Cambridge University Press.
[220]
Temporini, H. et al. 1972. Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung, 1-. de Gruyter.
[221]
Tipping, R. and Tisdall, E. 2005. The Landscape Context of the Antonine Wall: a Review of the Literature. (2005).
[222]
Todd, M. 2007. A companion to Roman Britain. Blackwell Publishing.
[223]
Todd, M. 2007. A companion to Roman Britain. Blackwell Publishing.
[224]
Todd, M. et al. 1989. Research on Roman Britain, 1960-89. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies.
[225]
University of Glasgow 1982. Scottish archaeological review. (1982).
[226]
University of Michigan 1988. Journal of Roman archaeology. (1988).
[227]
University of Michigan 1988. Journal of Roman archaeology. (1988).
[228]
Vindolanda Tablets Online: http://vindolanda.csad.ox.ac.uk/.
[229]
Wells, P.S. and Grane, T. 2013. Rome beyond its frontiers: imports, attitudes and practices. Journal of Roman Archaeology.
[230]
Wilmott, T. and English Heritage 2009. Hadrian’s Wall: archaeological research by English Heritage 1976-2000. English Heritage.
[231]
Wilson, A. 2010. Roman and native in the central Scottish Borders. Archaeopress.
[232]
Wilson, R.J.A. 2006. Romanitas: essays on Roman archaeology in honour of Sheppard Frere on the occasion of his ninetieth birthday. Oxbow.
[233]
Wilson, R.J.A. 2006. Romanitas: essays on Roman archaeology in honour of Sheppard Frere on the occasion of his ninetieth birthday. Oxbow.
[234]
Woolliscroft, D.J. 2008. Excavations at Garnhall on the Line of the Antonine Wall. (2008).
[235]
Woolliscroft, D.J. and Croom, A. 2002. The Roman frontier on the Gask Ridge: Perth and Kinross : an interim report on the Roman Gask Project, 1995-2000. Archeopress.
[236]
Woolliscroft, D.J. and Hoffmann, B. 2006. Rome’s first frontier: the Flavian occupation of Northern Scotland. Tempus.
[237]
An Atlas of Scottish History to 1707.
[238]
1969. Scottish Archaeological Forum. (1969).
[239]
1969. Scottish Archaeological Forum. (1969).
[240]
1969. Scottish Archaeological Forum. (1969).
[241]
Transactions of Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society.