Abdel Haleem, M. A. 2005. The Qur’an. Vol. Oxford world’s classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ahmed, Leila. 1992. Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.
Anon. n.d. ‘Quran Explorer’. Retrieved (http://www.quranexplorer.com/quran/).
Ansari, Humayun. 2004. ‘The Infidel within’: Muslims in Britain since 1800. London: Hurst & Company.
Arberry, A. J. 1964. The Koran Interpreted. Vol. The world’s classics. London: Oxford University Press.
Armstrong, Karen. 2005. A History of Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths. London: Harper Perennial.
Brill Academic Publishers. 2005. Encyclopaedia of the Qurʼān. edited by J. D. McAuliffe. Leiden: Brill Online.
Brown, Daniel W. 2004. A New Introduction to Islam. Malden, Mass: Blackwell.
Brown, Jonathan. 2011. Muhammad: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cook, Michael. 2000. The Koran: A Very Short Introduction. Vol. 13. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Corrigan, John, Frederick Mathewson Denny, Carlos M. N. Eire, and Martin S. Jaffee. 2012. Jews, Christians, Muslims: A Comparative Introduction to Monotheistic Religions. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
Coulson, N. J. 1964. A History of Islamic Law. Vol. Islamic surveys. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Denny, Frederick Mathewson. 2016. An Introduction to Islam. Fourth edition. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
Endress, Gerhard. 2002. Islam: An Historical Introduction. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press.
Ernst, Carl W. 2012. How to Read the Qur’an: A New Guide, with Select Translations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Esposito, John L. 2011. Islam: The Straight Path. Fourth edition. New York, New York: Oxford University Press.
Firestone, Reuven and Oxford University Press. 1999. Jihād: The Origin of Holy War in Islam. New York: Oxford University Press.
Gaborieau, M. 2007. The Encyclopaedia of Islam Three. 3rd ed. Leiden: Brill.
Goddard, Hugh. 2000. A History of Christian-Muslim Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Goldziher, Ignác, Andras Hamori, Ruth Hamori, Bernard Lewis, and American Council of Learned Societies. 1981. Introduction to Islamic Theology and Law. Vol. Modern classics in Near Eastern studies. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Green, Nile. 2012. Sufism: A Global History. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Guillaume, Alfred. 1963. Islam. Vol. Belle Sauvage library. New ed. Cassell.
Halm, Heinz. 1991. Shiism. Vol. Islamic surveys. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Hillenbrand, Carole. 2015. Introduction to Islam: Beliefs and Practices in Historical Perspective. New York: Thames & Hudson.
Hitti, Philip K. 1970. History of the Arabs: From the Earliest Times to the Present. Vol. Macmillan international college editions. 10th ed. London: Macmillan.
Hodgson, Marshall G. S. and American Council of Learned Societies. 1974. The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization. Vol. History e-book project. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hourani, Albert. 2013. A History of the Arab Peoples. [New ed.]. London: Faber and Faber.
Jackson, Roy and Dawson Books. 2006. Fifty Key Figures in Islam. London: Routledge.
Johnson, James Turner. 1997. The Holy War Idea in Western and Islamic Traditions. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. 2003. Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence. 3rd rev. and enl. ed. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society.
Kepel, Gilles. 1997. Allah in the West: Islamic Movements in America and Europe. Oxford: Blackwell.
Knott, Kim, Elizabeth Poole, and Teemu Taira. 2013. Media Portrayals of Religion and the Secular Sacred: Representation and Change. Vol. Ashgate AHRC/ESRC religion and society series. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate.
Lapidus, Ira M. 2014. A History of Islamic Societies. Third edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lings, Martin. 1981. What Is Sufism? Vol. A Mandala book. 2nd ed. London: Unwin Paperbacks.
Martin, Richard C. and Arizona State University. Department of Humanities and Religious Studies. 1985. Approaches to Islam in Religious Studies. Tucson, Ariz: University of Arizona Press.
Modood, Tariq, Anna Triandafyllidou, and Ricard Zapata-Barrero. 2006. Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship: A European Approach. 1st ed. London: Routledge.
Momen, Moojan. 1985. An Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Murata, Sachiko, and William C. Chittick. 1996. The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. London: I.B. Tauris.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, ed. 2015. The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary. First edition. New York: HarperOne.
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne. 1914. The Mystics of Islam. Vol. The quest series. London: G. Bell.
Nielsen, Jørgen S. 1999. Towards a European Islam. Vol. Migration, minorities and citizenship. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Peters, Rudolph. 1996. Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam: A Reader. Vol. Princeton series on the Middle East. Princeton, N.J.: Markus Wiener.
Rahman, Fazlur. 2002. Islam. 2nd ed. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press.
Renard, John. 1996. Seven Doors to Islam: Spirituality and the Religious Life of Muslims. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Rippin, Andrew and Ebooks Corporation Limited. 2012. Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Vol. The library of religious beliefs and practices. Fourth edition. London: Routledge.
Roald, Anne Sofie. 2001. Women in Islam: The Western Experience. London: Routledge.
Robinson, Neal and Ebooks Corporation Limited. 1999. Islam: A Concise Introduction. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
Roded, Ruth. 1999. Women in Islam and the Middle East: A Reader. London: I.B. Tauris.
Ruthven, Malise. 2012. Islam: A Very Short Introduction. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schacht, Joseph. 1964. An Introduction to Islamic Law. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press.
Stillman, N. A. 1974. ‘The Story of Cain and Abel in the Qur’an and the Muslim Commentators: Some ObservationsN AND THE MUSLIM COMMENTATORS: SOME OBSERVATIONS’. Journal of Semitic Studies XIX(2):231–39. doi: 10.1093/jss/XIX.2.231.
Stowasser, Barbara Freyer and Oxford University Press. 1996. Women in the Quran, Traditions, and Interpretation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Tottoli, Roberto. 2009. Biblical Prophets in the Qur’ān and Muslim Literature. Vol. Routledge studies in the Qur’ān. London: Routledge.
Waines, David. 2003. An Introduction to Islam. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Watt, W. Montgomery. 1985. Islamic Philosophy and Theology: An Extended Survey. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Watt, W. Montgomery. 1998. The Formative Period of Islamic Thought. Oxford: Oneworld.
Witztum, J. B. 2011. ‘The Syriac Milieu of the Quran: The Recasting of Biblical Narratives’. Princeton University.
Yar-Shater, Ehsan. 1985. Encyclopædia Iranica. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Zebiri, Kate. 1997. Muslims and Christians Face to Face. Oxford: Oneworld.
