Achebe, C. (1975) Morning yet on creation day: essays. London: Heinemann Educational.
Alexander X. Byrd (2006) ‘Eboe, Country, Nation, and Gustavus Vassa’s “Interesting Narrative”’, The William and Mary Quarterly, 63(1), pp. 123–148. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3491728.
Ambar, S.M. (2012) ‘Malcolm X at the Oxford Union’, Race & Class, 53(4), pp. 24–38. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0306396811433109.
Appiah, A. (1992a) In my father’s house: Africa in the philosophy of culture. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Appiah, A. (1992b) In my father’s house: Africa in the philosophy of culture. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Appiah, A. (1992c) In my father’s house: Africa in the philosophy of culture. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Arendt, H. (1970) On violence. London: Allen Lane.
Ashcroft, B. et al. (1989) The empire writes back: theory and practice in post-colonial literatures [electronic resource]. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. Available at: http://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=University%20of%20Glasgow&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780203426081.
Back, L. and Solomos, J. (2000) Theories of race and racism: a reader [electronic resource]. London: Routledge. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203005972.
Bell, B.W., Grosholz, E. and Stewart, J.B. (1996) W.E.B. Du Bois on race and culture: philosophy, politics, and poetics. New York, N.Y.: Routledge.
Bernasconi, R. (2001) Race. Malden, Mass: Blackwell.
Bernier, C.-M. (2007) ‘Iron Arguments: Spectacle, rhetoric and the slave body in New England and British antislavery oratory’, European Journal of American Culture, 26(1), pp. 57–78. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1386/ejac.26.1.57_1.
Bhambra, G.K. (2014) Connected sociologies. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.5040/9781472544377?locatt=label:secondary_bloomsburyCollections.
Bhavnani, K.-K. (2001) Feminism and ‘race’. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Black World Foundation (U.S.), EBSCO Publishing (Firm), and Thomson Gale (Firm) (1969) ‘The black scholar’.
Bogues, A. (1997) Caliban’s freedom: the early political thought of C.L.R. James. London: Pluto Press.
Breitman, G. (2009) The last year of Malcolm X: the evolution of a revolutionary. New York: Pathfinder.
Buhle, P. (1988) C.L.R. James: the artist as revolutionary. London: Verso.
Carby, H.V. (1998) Race men. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Carmichael, S. and Hamilton, C.V. (1969) Black Power: the politics of liberation in America. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Carretta, V. (2005) Equiano, the African: biography of a self-made man. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
Castronovo, R. (2007) Beautiful democracy: aesthetics and anarchy in a global era [electronic resource]. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://chicago.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.7208/chicago/9780226096308.001.0001/upso-9780226096285.
Caute, D. (1970) Fanon. London: Fontana.
Chambers, I., Curti, L., and Dawson Books (1996) The Post-colonial question: common skies, divided horizons [electronic resource]. London: Routledge. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203138328.
Chandra Talpade Mohanty (1988) ‘Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses’, Feminist Review, (30), pp. 61–88. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1395054.
Cheryl Johnson-Odim (1996) ‘Mirror Images and Shared Standpoints: Black Women in Africa and in the African Diaspora’, Issue: A Journal of Opinion, 24(2), pp. 18–22. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1166839.
Chinweizu Onwuchewka Jemie Ihechukwu Madubuike (1975) ‘Towards the Decolonization of African Literature’, Transition, (48), pp. 29–57. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2935056.
Cudjoe, S.R. and Cain, W.E. (1995) C.L.R. James: his intellectual legacies. Amherst, Mass: University of Massachusetts Press.
‘Cultural Studies’ (no date), 23. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rcus20/23/4.
Dickson D. Bruce Jr. (1992) ‘W. E. B. Du Bois and the Idea of Double Consciousness’, American Literature, 64(2), pp. 299–309. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2927837.
Du Bois, W.E.B. et al. (1986) Writings: The suppression of the African slave trade ; The souls of black folk ; Dusk of dawn ; Essays and articles from The crisis. New York, N.Y.: Literary Classics of the United States.
Du Bois, W.E.B. et al. (1996) The Philadelphia Negro: a social study [electronic resource]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. Available at: http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=321159&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth.
Du Bois, W.E.B. (2005) The souls of black folk [electronic resource]. [Whitefish, MT?]: Kessinger Pub. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=543086.
Du Bois, W.E.B., Green, D.S. and Driver, E.D. (1980) W.E.B. Du Bois on sociology and the Black community. Paperback ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
EBSCO Publishing (Firm) (no date) ‘Ethnic & racial studies’.
Edwards, P.G. and Dabydeen, D. (1991) Black writers in Britain, 1760-1890. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Equiano, O. and EBSCOhost (2003) The interesting narrative and other writings. Revised edition. Edited by V. Carretta. New York: Penguin Books. Available at: http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=1127301.
‘Ethnicities’ (2001).
Fanon, F. (1967) Toward the African revolution: political essays. New York, N.Y.: Monthly Review P.
Fanon, F. (1991a) Black skin, white masks. New York, N.Y.: Grove Weidenfeld.
Fanon, F. (1991b) Black skin, white masks. New York, N.Y.: Grove Weidenfeld.
Fanon, F. (1991c) Black skin, white masks. New York, N.Y.: Grove Weidenfeld.
Fanon, F. (2004) The wretched of the earth. New York, N.Y.: Grove Press.
Fanon, F. and Fanon, F. (1965) A dying colonialism. New York, N.Y.: Grove Press.
Farred, G. (1996) Rethinking C.L.R. James. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell Publishers.
Ferguson, H. (2009) Self-identity and everyday life [electronic resource]. London: Routledge. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203001776.
Fields, K.E. and Fields, B.J. (2012) Racecraft: the soul of inequality in American life. London: Verso.
Gair, C. (2006) Beyond boundaries: C.L.R. James and postnational studies. London: Pluto Press.
Gates, H.L. (1990) Reading black, reading feminist: a critical anthology. New York, N.Y.: Meridian Book.
George E. Boulukos (2007) ‘Olaudah Equiano and the Eighteenth-Century Debate on Africa’, Eighteenth-Century Studies, 40(2), pp. 241–255. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30053452.
Gibson, N.C. (2003) Fanon: the postcolonial imagination. Cambridge, U.K.: Polity Press in association with Blackwell Pub.
Gilroy, P. (1993) The black Atlantic: modernity and double consciousness. London: Verso.
Gilroy, P. (2002) There ain’t no black in the Union Jack: the cultural politics of race and nation. London: Routledge.
Gilroy, P. (2004) After empire: melancholia or convivial culture? London: Routledge.
Gordon, L.R. et al. (1996) Fanon: a critical reader. London: Blackwell Publishers.
Gugelberger, G.M. (1986) Marxism and African literature. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press.
Hall, S. et al. (2000) Without guarantees: in honour of Stuart Hall. London: Verso.
Hall, S. and Du Gay, P. (1996) Questions of cultural identity [electronic resource]. London: SAGE. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://sk.sagepub.com/books/questions-of-cultural-identity.
Hill Collins, P. (2000) Black feminist thought: knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. New York: Routledge. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203900055.
Hochschild, A. (2006) Bury the chains: the British struggle to abolish slavery. London: Pan Books.
Høgsbjerg, C. (2014) C.L.R. James in imperial Britain. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
hooks, bell (1991) Yearning: race, gender, and cultural politics. London: Turnaround.
hooks, bell (2015) Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics. [Second edition]. New York, NY: Routledge.
hooks, bell and Ebooks Corporation Limited (2014) Ain’t I a woman: black women and feminism. Second edition. London: Routledge. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1899877.
Hund, W.D. and Lentin, A. (eds) (2014a) Racism and sociology. Zürich: Lit Verlag GmbH & Co.
Hund, W.D. and Lentin, A. (eds) (2014b) Racism and sociology. Zürich: Lit Verlag GmbH & Co.
Immanuel Wallerstein (2009) ‘Reading Fanon in the 21st Century’, New Left Review, 57. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://newleftreview.org/II/57/immanuel-wallerstein-reading-fanon-in-the-21st-century.
Innes, C.L. (2008a) A history of black and Asian writing in Britain. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Innes, C.L. (2008b) A history of black and Asian writing in Britain. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
‘Interventions’ (no date), 17. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/riij20/17/3.
‘Interventions: international journal of postcolonial studies’ (1998).
James, C.L.R. (1984) At the rendezvous of victory: selected writings. London: Allison & Busby.
James, C.L.R. (2005) Beyond a boundary. London: Yellow Jersey Press.
James, C.L.R. and Grimshaw, A. (1992) The C.L.R. James reader. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
James, C.L.R., Høgsbjerg, C. and Dubois, L. (2013) Toussaint Louverture: the story of the only successful slave revolt in history : a play in three acts. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
James, C.L.R. and McLemee, S. (1996) C.L.R. James on the ‘Negro question’. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
James, C.L.R. and Walvin, J. (2001) The black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution. London: Penguin Books.
JSTOR (Organization) and Thomson Gale (Firm) (1970) ‘Journal of black studies’.
Karin Barber (1995) ‘African-Language Literature and Postcolonial Criticism’, Research in African Literatures, 26(4), pp. 3–30. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3820224.
Killingray, D. (1994a) Africans in Britain. Abingdon, Oxon: Frank Cass.
Killingray, D. (1994b) Africans in Britain. Abingdon, Oxon: Frank Cass.
King, A.D. (1991) Culture, globalization and the world-system: contemporary conditions for the representation of identity [electronic resource]. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave (formerly Macmillan) in association with Department of Art and Art History, State University of New York at Binghamton. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=310785.
Lemert, C.C. (2010) Social theory: the multicultural and classic readings [electronic resource]. 4th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Available at: http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=246230&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth.
Linebaugh, P. and Rediker, M. (2000) The many-headed hydra: sailors, slaves, commoners, and the hidden story of the revolutionary Atlantic. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press.
Lovejoy, P.E. (2006) ‘Autobiography and Memory: Gustavus Vassa, alias Olaudah Equiano, the African’, Slavery & Abolition, 27(3), pp. 317–347. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01440390601014302.
Macey, D. (2000) Frantz Fanon: a life. London: Granta Books.
Marable, M. (2011) Malcolm X: a life of reinvention. London: Allen Lane.
Matthews, B. (1983) Marx, a hundred years on. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
McCalman, I. (2002) Radical underworld: prophets, revolutionaries and pornographers in London, 1795-1840. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Miles, R. and Brown, M. (2003) Racism [electronic resource]. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203633663.
Moore-Gilbert, B.J., Stanton, G. and Maley, W. (1997) Postcolonial criticism. London: Longman.
Morley, D., Chen, K.-H. and Hall, S. (1996) Stuart Hall: critical dialogues in cultural studies [electronic resource]. London: Routledge. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203993262.
Morrison, T. (1999) The bluest eye. London: Vintage.
Neil Lazarus (1993) ‘Disavowing Decolonization: Fanon, Nationalism, and the Problematic of Representation in Current Theories of Colonial Discourse’, Research in African Literatures, 24(4), pp. 69–98. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3820255.
Ngugi wa Thiong’o (no date) ‘Europhonism, Universities, and the Magic Fountain: The Future of African Literature and Scholarship(1)’, Research in African Literatures [Preprint]. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=glasuni&id=GALE|A59410533&v=2.1&it=r&sid=summon&userGroup=glasuni&authCount=1.
Ngũgĩ wa Thiongʼo (1986) Decolonising the mind: the politics of language in African literature. London: James Currey.
Ngũgĩ wa Thiongʼo (1997) Writers in politics: a re-engagement with issues of literature & society. Rev. & enl. ed. Oxford: James Currey.
Nielsen, A.L. (1997) C.L.R. James: a critical introduction. Jackson, Miss: University Press of Mississippi.
Obiajunwa Wali (1963a) ‘The Dead End of African Literature?’, Transition, (10), pp. 13–16. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2934441.
Obiajunwa Wali (1963b) ‘The Dead End of African Literature?’, Transition, (10), pp. 13–16. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2934441.
Ogborn, M. (2008) Global lives: Britain and the world, 1550-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ovenden, K. (1992) Malcolm X: socialism and black nationalism. London: Bookmarks.
Owusu, K. (2000a) Black British culture and society: a text reader. London: Routledge.
Owusu, K. (2000b) Black British culture and society: a text reader. London: Routledge.
Owusu, K. (2000c) Black British culture and society: a text reader. London: Routledge.
Paul B. Miller (2001) ‘Enlightened Hesitations: Black Masses and Tragic Heroes in C.L.R. James’s “The Black Jacobins”’, MLN, 116(5), pp. 1069–1090. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3251796.
Procter, J. (2004) Stuart Hall. London: Routledge.
Rabaka, R. (2009) Africana critical theory: reconstructing the black radical tradition, from W.E.B. Du Bois and C.L.R. James to Frantz Fanon and Amilcar Cabral [electronic resource]. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=467316.
Read, A. and Institute of International Visual Arts (1996) The fact of blackness: Frantz Fanon and visual representation. London: Institute of Contemporary Arts.
Rediker, M. (2007) The slave ship: a human history. London: John Murray.
Reed, A.L. (1999) W.E.B. Du Bois and American political thought: fabianism and the color line. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
Reiland Rabaka (2002) ‘Malcolm X and/as Critical Theory: Philosophy, Radical Politics, and the African American Search for Social Justice’, Journal of Black Studies, 33(2), pp. 145–165. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3180931.
Ritzer, G. (2003) The Blackwell companion to major classical social theorists [electronic resource]. Malden, MA: Blackwell. Available at: https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780470999882.
Robinson, C. (1993) ‘The appropriation of Frantz Fanon’, Race & Class, 35(1), pp. 79–91. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/030639689303500108.
Rojek, C. (2003) Stuart Hall. Cambridge: Polity.
Rosengarten, F. (2008) Urbane revolutionary: C. L. R. James and the struggle for a new society [electronic resource]. Jackson, MI: University Press of Mississippi. Available at: http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=248558&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth.
Rule, J., Malcolmson, R.W. and Thompson, E.P. (1993) Protest and survival: essays for E. P. Thompson. London: Merlin Press.
Rutherford, J. (1990) Identity: community, culture, difference. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
Sandiford, K.A. (1988a) Measuring the moment: strategies of protest in eighteenth-century Afro-English writing. Selinsgrove, Pa: Susquehanna University Press.
Sandiford, K.A. (1988b) Measuring the moment: strategies of protest in eighteenth-century Afro-English writing. Selinsgrove, Pa: Susquehanna University Press.
Sara Suleri (1992) ‘Woman Skin Deep: Feminism and the Postcolonial Condition’, Critical Inquiry, 18(4), pp. 756–769. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1343829.
Selwyn R. Cudjoe (1997) ‘C.L.R. James and the Trinidad & Tobago Intellectual Tradition, Or, Not Learning Shakespeare Under a Mango Tree’, New Left Review, 223. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://newleftreview.org/I/223/selwyn-r-cudjoe-clr-james-and-the-trinidad-tobago-intellectual-tradition-or-not-learning-shakespeare-under-a-mango-tree.
Silverman, M. (2005) Frantz Fanon’s Black skin, white masks: new interdisciplinary essays. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Small Axe Collective and Project MUSE. (no date) ‘Small axe’.
Smith, A. (2010) C.L.R. James and the study of culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Smith, A. (2011) ‘“Concrete Freedom”: C.L.R. James on Culture and Black Politics’, Cultural Sociology [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1749975510391588.
Smith, A. (2016) Racism and everyday life: social theory, history and ‘race’. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
‘Sociology Hesitant’ (2000) boundary 2, 27(3), pp. 37–44. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/boundary/v027/27.3dubois.html.
Terrill, R.E. (ed.) (2010) The Cambridge Companion to Malcolm X. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thomas, H. (2000a) Romanticism and slave narratives: transatlantic testimonies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thomas, H. (2000b) Romanticism and slave narratives: transatlantic testimonies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thomson Gale (Firm) (no date) ‘Race & class’.
University of Texas at Austin. African and Afro-American Research Institute et al. (1970) ‘Research in African literatures’.
Virdee, S. (2014) Racism, class and the racialized outsider. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
W. E. Burghardt Du Bois (2000) ‘The Study of the Negro Problems’, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 568, pp. 13–27. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1049469.
Wallace, M., Dent, G., and Dia Center for the Arts (New York, N.Y.) (1992) Black popular culture. Seattle, WA: Bay Press.
Wedderburn, R. and McCalman, I. (1997) The horrors of slavery and other writings. Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener.
West, Cornel (no date) ‘Minority Discourse and the Pitfalls of Canon Formation’, The Yale Journal of Criticism, 1(1). Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1300880892/fulltext?accountid=14540.
White, J. (2012) London in the eighteenth century: a great and monstrous thing. London: Bodley Head.
Wole Soyinka (1975) ‘Neo-Tarzanism: The Poetics of Pseudo-Tradition’, Transition, (48), pp. 38–44. Available at: https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2935057.
Wolfenstein, E.V. (1981) The victims of democracy: Malcolm X and the black revolution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Worcester, K. (1996) C.L.R. James: a political biography. [Albany]: State University of New York Press.
Wright, D. (1986) ‘Fanon and Africa: a Retrospect’, The Journal of Modern African Studies, 24(04). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00007266.
X, M. (1970) Malcolm X on Afro-American history [electronic resource]. Expanded and illustrated ed. New York: Pathfinder Press. Available at: https://www.aspresolver.com/aspresolver.asp?BLTC;S8122.
X, M. and Breitman, G. (1965) Malcolm X speaks: selected speeches and statements [electronic resource]. [1st ed.]. New York: Merit Publishers. Available at: https://www.aspresolver.com/aspresolver.asp?BLTC;S8117.
X, M. and Haley, A. (1992) The autobiography of Malcolm X [electronic resource]. 1st Ballantine Books hardcover ed. New York: Ballantine Books. Available at: https://www.aspresolver.com/aspresolver.asp?BLTC;S8116.
