Alcock, Leslie. Economy, Society and Warfare among the Britons and Saxons. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1987. Print.
---. Economy, Society and Warfare among the Britons and Saxons. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1987. Print.
Alcock, Leslie, Elizabeth A. Alcock, and Stephen T. Driscoll. ‘Reconnaissance Excavations on Early Historic Fortifications and Other Royal Sites in Scotland, 1974-84: 3, Excavations at Dunddurn, Strathearn, Perthshire, 1976-77’. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 119 (1989): n. pag. Web. <https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_119/119_189_226.pdf>.
Alcock, Leslie and Groam House Museum Trust. The Neighbours of the Picts: Angles, Britons & Scots at War and at Home. [Rosemarkie]: Groam House Museum Trust, 1993. Print.
Alcock, Leslie and Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Kings and Warriors, Craftsmen and Priests in Northern Britain AD 550-850. Monograph series / Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2003. Print.
Allen, J. Romilly, and Joseph Anderson. The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland: A Classified, Illustrated, Descriptive List of the Monuments with an Analysis of Their Symbolism and Ornamentation. The Rhind lectures in archaeology. Edinburgh: Printed for the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland by Neill, 1903. Print.
Amory, Patrick. People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy, 489-554. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Print.
---. People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy, 489-554. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Print.
Anderson, Alan Orr. Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers: A. D.500 to 1286. London: David Nutt, 1908. Print.
Anderson, Alan Orr, and Marjorie Anderson. Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286. Stamford: Paul Watkins, 1990. Print.
---. Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286. Stamford: Paul Watkins, 1990. Print.
Anderson, Marjorie Ogilvie. Kings and Kingship in Early Scotland. [New ed.]. Edinburgh: John Donald, 2011. Print.
---. Kings and Kingship in Early Scotland. [New ed.]. Edinburgh: John Donald, 2011. Print.
Backlund, J. ‘War or Peace? The Relations between the Picts and the Norse in Orkney’. Northern studies 36 (2001): 33–47. Print.
Bannerman, John. ‘The Scottish Takeover of Pictland and the Relics of Columba’. Innes Review 48.1 (1997): 27–44. Web.
Barrow, G. W. S. The Kingdom of the Scots: Government, Church and Society from the Eleventh to the Fourteenth Century. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2003. Print.
---. The Kingdom of the Scots: Government, Church and Society from the Eleventh to the Fourteenth Century. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2003. Print.
Barth, Fredrik and Universitetet i Bergen. Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Culture Difference. Prospect Heights, Ill: Waveland Press, inc, 1998. Print.
Bartlett, Robert. The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change 950-1350. London: Penguin Books, 1994. Print.
Blair, John, and Richard Sharpe. Pastoral Care before the Parish. Studies in the early history of Britain. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1992. Print.
Broun, Dauvit. Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain: From the Picts to Alexander III. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748623600.001.0001>.
---. Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain: From the Picts to Alexander III. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748623600.001.0001>.
Broun, Dauvit, and Thomas Owen Clancy. Spes Scotorum =: Hope of Scots : Saint Columba, Iona and Scotland. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1999. Print.
---. Spes Scotorum =: Hope of Scots : Saint Columba, Iona and Scotland. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1999. Print.
Broun, Dauvit and University of Cambridge. Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse & Celtic. The Charters of Gaelic Scotland and Ireland in the Early and Central Middle Ages. E. C. Quiggin memorial lectures. Cambridge: Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse & Celtic, University of Cambridge, 1995. Print.
Byrne, Francis John. Irish Kings and High-Kings. 2nd ed. Four courts history classics. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2001. Print.
Carver, M. O. H. Portmahomack: Monastery of the Picts. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2008. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748624416.001.0001>.
Carver, M. O. H. and Historic Scotland. Surviving in Symbols: A Visit to the Pictish Nation. [Newly updated ed.]. Making of Scotland. Edinburgh: Birlinn Ltd. with Historic Scotland, 2005. Print.
Carver, Martin. ‘An Iona of the East: The Early-Medieval Monastery at Portmahomack, Tarbat Ness’. Medieval Archaeology 48.1 (2004): 1–30. Web.
Carver, Martin, Jane Downes, and John Barrett. ‘Pitcarmick Excavations 1993-5’. 2013. Web. <http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/pitcarmick_hs_2013/downloads.cfm>.
Charles-Edwards, T. M. and Oxford University Press. Early Irish and Welsh Kinship. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201038.001.0001>.
Clancy, Thomas Owen. The Triumph Tree: Scotland’s Earliest Poetry, 550-1350. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1998. Print.
Clancy, Thomas Owen, and Gilbert Markus. Iona: The Earliest Poetry of a Celtic Monastery. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995. Print.
Clarke, D. V. et al. Early Medieval Scotland: Individuals, Communities and Ideas. Edinburgh: NMS Enterprises Limited - Publishing, 2012. Print.
---. Early Medieval Scotland: Individuals, Communities and Ideas. Edinburgh: NMS Enterprises Limited - Publishing, 2012. Print.
---. ‘Reading the Multiple Lives of Pictish Symbol Stones’. Medieval Archaeology 51.1 (2007): 19–39. Web.
Clarke, Howard B., Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, and Raghnall Ó Floinn. Ireland and Scandinavia in the Early Viking Age. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1998. Print.
Cohen, Anthony P. and Ebooks Corporation Limited. The Symbolic Construction of Community. Key ideas. Chichester: Ellis Horwood, 1985. Web. <https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=178361>.
Comaroff, John L., and Jean Comaroff. Ethnography and the Historical Imagination. Studies in the ethnographic imagination. Boulder: Westview Press, 1992. Print.
Cowan, Edward J. ‘The Scottish Chronicle in the Poppleton Manuscript’. Innes Review 32.1 (1981): 3–21. Web.
Crawford, B. E. Scandinavian Scotland. Studies in the early history of Britain. [Leicester]: Leicester University Press, 1987. Print.
---. Scandinavian Scotland. Studies in the early history of Britain. [Leicester]: Leicester University Press, 1987. Print.
---. Scandinavian Settlement in Northern Britain: Thirteen Studies of Place-Names in Their Historical Context. Studies in the early history of Britain. London: Leicester University Press, 1995. Print.
---. Scandinavian Settlement in Northern Britain: Thirteen Studies of Place-Names in Their Historical Context. Studies in the early history of Britain. London: Leicester University Press, 1995. Print.
---. Scotland in Dark Age Britain: The Proceedings of a Day Conference Held on 18 February 1995. St. John’s House papers. Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press, 1996. Print.
---. Scotland in Dark Age Britain: The Proceedings of a Day Conference Held on 18 February 1995. St. John’s House papers. Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press, 1996. Print.
---. Scotland in Dark Age Britain: The Proceedings of a Day Conference Held on 18 February 1995. St. John’s House papers. Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press, 1996. Web. <http://content.talisaspire.com/glasgow/bundles/56c2f004e7ebb6245700002a>.
---. Scotland in Dark Age Europe: The Proceedings of a Day Conference Held on 20 February 1993. St. John’s House papers. St. Andrews: The Committee for Dark Age Studies, University of St Andrews, 1994. Print.
Crawford, B. E. and Groam House Museum Trust. Earl & Mormaer: Norse-Pictish Relationships in Northern Scotland. Rosemarkie: Groam House Museum Trust, 1995. Print.
Davies, Wendy and Oxford University Press. Patterns of Power in Early Wales: O’Donnell Lectures, Delivered in the University of Oxford, 1983. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201533.001.0001>.
Dawson Books. Scotland: A History. Ed. Jenny Wormald. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Web. <https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780191518683>.
Downes, Jane, and Anna Ritchie. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Web. <http://content.talisaspire.com/glasgow/bundles/568cd9c5e7ebb60218000016>.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
---. Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800. Balgavies: Pinkfoot, 2003. Print.
Driscoll, S.T. ‘Picts and Prehistory: Cultural Resource Management in Early Medieval Scotland’. World Archaeology 30.1 (1998): 142–158. Web. <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/2981/>.
Driscoll, Stephen T. Alba: The Gaelic Kingdom of Scotland, AD 800-1124. Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2002. Print.
---. Pictish Progress: New Studies on Northern Britain in the Middle Ages. The northern world. Leiden: Brill, 2011. Web. <https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9789004188013>.
---. ‘Picts and Prehistory: Cultural Resource Management in Early Medieval Scotland’. World Archaeology 30.1 (1998): 142–158. Web.
Driscoll, Stephen T., and Margaret R. Nieke. Power and Politics in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1988. Print.
Dumville, D. N. and Whithorn Trust. Friends. The Churches of North Britain in the First Viking-Age. Whithorn lecture. Whithorn: Friends of the Whithorn Trust, 1997. Print.
---. The Churches of North Britain in the First Viking-Age. Whithorn lecture. Whithorn: Friends of the Whithorn Trust, 1997. Print.
---. The Churches of North Britain in the First Viking-Age. Whithorn lecture. Whithorn: Friends of the Whithorn Trust, 1997. Print.
Duncan, A. A. M. Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom. The Edinburgh history of Scotland. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1978. Print.
Edwards, Nancy, and Alan Lane. The Early Church in Wales and the West: Recent Work in Early Christian Archaeology, History and Place-Names. Oxbow monograph. Oxford: Oxbow, 1992. Print.
Forsyth, K. ‘Literacy in Pictland’. Literacy in Medieval Celtic Societies. Cambridge studies in medieval literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 39–61. Web. <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/2461/>.
Forsyth, Katherine. Language in Pictland: The Case against ‘Non-Indo-European Pictish’. Studia Hameliana. Utrecht: De Keltiche Draak, 1997. Web. <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/archive/00002081/>.
---. Language in Pictland: The Case against ‘Non-Indo-European Pictish’. Studia Hameliana. Utrecht: De Keltiche Draak, 1997. Web. <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/archive/00002081/>.
Foster, Sally M. et al. Able Minds and Practised Hands: Scotland’s Early Medieval Sculpture in the Twenty-First Century. Monograph series (Society for Medieval Archaeology). [Scotland]: Historic Scotland, 2005. Print.
Foster, Sally M. and Ebooks Corporation Limited. Picts, Gaels and Scots: Early Historic Scotland. New edition. Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2014. Web. <http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1692164>.
Foster, Sally M., Historic Scotland, and Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. The St Andrews Sarcophagus: A Pictish Masterpiece and Its International Connections. Dublin: Four Courts, 1998. Print.
---. The St Andrews Sarcophagus: A Pictish Masterpiece and Its International Connections. Dublin: Four Courts, 1998. Print.
Foster, Sally M., Allan I. Macinnes, and Ranald MacInnes. Scottish Power Centres: From the Early Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century. University of Glasgow Postgraduate School of Scottish Studies. Glasgow: Cruithne Press, 1998. Print.
Fraser, Iain, Graham Ritchie, and Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Pictish Symbol Stones: An Illustrated Gazetteer. Edinburgh: RCAHMS, 1999. Print.
Frazer, William O., Andrew Tyrrell, and Dawson Books. Social Identity in Early Medieval Britain. Studies in the early history of Britain. London: Leicester University Press, 2000. Web. <http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781441195029>.
---. Social Identity in Early Medieval Britain. Studies in the early history of Britain. London: Leicester University Press, 2000. Web. <http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781441195029>.
Friell, J. G. P., and W. G. Watson. Pictish Studies: Settlement, Burial and Art in Dark Age Northern Britain. BAR British series. Oxford: B.A.R., 1984. Print.
Grabowski, Kathryn, and D. N. Dumville. Chronicles and Annals of Medieval Ireland and Wales: The Clonmacnoise-Group Texts. Studies in Celtic history. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 1984. Print.
Grant, Alexander et al. Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1993. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=9185&site=ehost-live>.
Hanson, W. S., and E. A. Slater. Scottish Archaeology: New Perceptions. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1991. Print.
---. Scottish Archaeology: New Perceptions. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1991. Print.
Henderson, George, and Isabel Henderson. The Art of the Picts: Sculpture and Metalwork in Early Medieval Scotland. London: Thames & Hudson, 2004. Print.
---. The Art of the Picts: Sculpture and Metalwork in Early Medieval Scotland. London: Thames & Hudson, 2004. Print.
Henderson, Isabel. The Picts. Ancient peoples and places. London: Thames and Hudson, 1967. Print.
Henry, David, and Isabel Henderson. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Print.
---. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Print.
---. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Print.
---. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Print.
---. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Print.
---. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Web. <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/3447/>.
---. The Worm, the Germ and the Thorn: Pictish and Related Studies Presented to Isabel Henderson. Balgavies: Pinkfoot Press, 1997. Print.
Herbert, Máire. Iona, Kells, and Derry: The History and Hagiography of the Monastic Familia of Columba. 1st pbk. ed. Blackrock, Co. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1996. Print.
---. Iona, Kells, and Derry: The History and Hagiography of the Monastic Familia of Columba. 1st pbk. ed. Blackrock, Co. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1996. Print.
Hines, John and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Social Stress. The Anglo-Saxons from the Migration Period to the Eighth Century: An Ethnographic Perspective. Studies in historical archaeoethnology. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1997. Print.
Hudson, Benjamin T. Kings of Celtic Scotland. Contributions to the study of world history. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1994. Print.
Hughes, Kathleen. Early Christian Ireland: Introduction to the Sources. The sources of history, studies in the uses of historical evidence. London: Sources of History Ltd, 1972. Print.
---. Early Christian Ireland: Introduction to the Sources. The sources of history, studies in the uses of historical evidence. London: Sources of History Ltd, 1972. Print.
Ingold, Tim. Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology. [2nd. ed.]. London: Routledge, 2002. Web. <http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=33142 &entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth>.
Jackson, Kenneth Hurlstone. The Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer. Osborn Bergin memorial lecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. Print.
---. The Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer. Osborn Bergin memorial lecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. Print.
---. The Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer. Osborn Bergin memorial lecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. Print.
Jenkins, Richard. ‘Ethnicity Etcetera: Social Anthropological Points of View.’ Ethnic & Racial Studies 19.4 n. pag. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=9703241812&site=ehost-live>.
Jones, Glanville R J. ‘Multiple Estates Perceived’. Journal of Historical Geography 11.4 n. pag. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1300170427?accountid=14540>.
Karkov, Catherine E., and Robert T. Farrell. Studies in Insular Art and Archaeology. American early medieval studies. Oxford, Ohio: American Early Medieval Studies and the Miami University School of Fine Arts, 1991. Print.
Kelly, Fergus. A Guide to Early Irish Law. Early Irish law series. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1988. Print.
Lynch, Michael. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199234820.001.0001/acref-9780199234820?rskey=KKTm8Z&result=1&q=Oxford%20companion%20to%20Scottish%20history>.
Lynch, Michael and Oxford University Press. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199234820.001.0001/acref-9780199234820?rskey=KKTm8Z&result=1&q=Oxford%20companion%20to%20Scottish%20history>.
Mac Airt, Seán, and Gearóid Mac Niocaill. The Annals of Ulster (to A.D. 1131). [Dublin]: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1983. Print.
Mac Niocaill, Gearóid and Dublin Historical Association. The Medieval Irish Annals. Medieval Irish history series. Dublin: Dublin Historical Association, 1975. Print.
McKitterick, Rosamond et al. Ireland in Early Mediaeval Europe: Studies in Memory of Kathleen Hughes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. Print.
McNeill, Peter G. B., and Ranald Nicholson. An Historical Atlas of Scotland, c. 400-c. 1600. St. Andrews: Atlas Committee of the Conference of Scottish Medievalists, 1975. Print.
Menzies, Gordon. Who Are the Scots?: And The Scottish Nation. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002. Print.
Menzies, Gordon, T. C. Smout, and NetLibrary, Inc. In Search of Scotland. Edinburgh: Polygon at Edinburgh, 2001. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=80967&site=ehost-live>.
Morris, Christopher D. Church and Monastery in the Far North: An Archaeological Evaluation. Jarrow lecture. [S.l.]: [s.n.], 1989. Print.
---. The Viking Age in Caithness, Orkney and the North Atlantic: Selected Papers from the Proceedings of the Eleventh Viking Congress, Thurso and Kirkwall, 22 August-1 September 1989. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1993. Print.
Nicolaisen, W. F. H. Scottish Place-Names: Their Study and Significance. Edinburgh: John Donald, 2001. Print.
Nicolaisen, W. F. H. and Groam House Museum Trust. The Picts and Their Place Names. Rosemarkie: Groam House Museum Trust, 1996. Print.
Nicoll, Eric H., and J. R. F. Burt. A Pictish Panorama: The Story of the Picts. and, A Pictish Bibliography. Angus: Pinkfoot Press, 1995. Print.
---. A Pictish Panorama: The Story of the Picts. and, A Pictish Bibliography. Angus: Pinkfoot Press, 1995. Print.
---. A Pictish Panorama: The Story of the Picts. and, A Pictish Bibliography. Angus: Pinkfoot Press, 1995. Print.
O’Mahony, Felicity and Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). The Book of Kells: Proceedings of a Conference at Trinity College Dublin, 6-9 September 1992. Aldershot, Hants: Published for Trinity College Library by Scolar Press, 1994. Print.
O’Neill, Pamela, Australian Conference of Celtic Studies, and University of Sydney. Celtic Studies Foundation. Exile and Homecoming: Papers from the Fifth Australian Conference of Celtic Studies, University of Sydney, July 2004. Sydney series in Celtic studies. Sydney, N.S.W.: Celtic Studies Foundation, University of Sydney, 2005. Print.
---. Exile and Homecoming: Papers from the Fifth Australian Conference of Celtic Studies, University of Sydney, July 2004. Sydney series in Celtic studies. Sydney, N.S.W.: Celtic Studies Foundation, University of Sydney, 2005. Web. <http://content.talisaspire.com/glasgow/bundles/56c2eedae7ebb6d27c000026>.
Owen, D. Huw. Settlement and Society in Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1989. Print.
Pohl, Walter, and Helmut Reimitz. Strategies of Distinction: The Construction of the Ethnic Communities, 300-800. The transformation of the Roman world. Leiden: Brill, 1998. Print.
Price, Glanville. An Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1998. Print.
Ritchie, Anna. ‘Excavation of Pictish and Viking-Age Farmsteads at Buckquoy, Orkney’. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 108 (1977): 174–227. Web. <https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-352-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_108/108_174_227.pdf>.
---. Govan and Its Early Medieval Sculpture. Stroud: Alan Sutton Publishing Limited, 1994. Print.
Ritchie, Anna, and David John Breeze. Invaders of Scotland: An Introduction to the Archaeology of the Romans, Scots, Angles and Vikings, Highlighting the Monuments in the Care of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Historic Buildings and Monuments (Scottish Development Department). Edinburgh: HMSO, 1991. Print.
Ritchie, Anna and Historic Buildings and Monuments Directorate. Picts: An Introduction to the Life of the Picts and the Carved Stones in the Care of Historic Scotland. Edinburgh: H.M.S.O., 1989. Print.
Sawyer, P. H. Medieval Settlement: Continuity and Change. London: Edward Arnold, 1976. Print.
---. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Print.
Sawyer, P. H., and Ian N. Wood. Early Medieval Kingship. Leeds (c/o School of History, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT): The editors, 1977. Print.
Scottish Society for Northern Studies. ‘Northern Studies’. (1973): n. pag. Print.
Small, Alan. The Picts: A New Look at Old Problems. Dundee: University of Dundee, 1987. Print.
Smith, Anthony D. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988. Print.
Smith, B. ‘The Picts and the Martyrs, or Did the Vikings Kill the Native Population of Orkney and Shetland’. Northern studies 36 (2001): 7–32. Web. <http://content.talisaspire.com/glasgow/bundles/568cdd71e7ebb6021800002a>.
Smyth, Alfred P. Scandinavian Kings in the British Isles, 850-880. Oxford historical monographs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977. Print.
---. Scandinavian York and Dublin: The History and Archaeology of Two Related Viking Kingdoms. Dublin: Templekieran Press, 1975. Print.
---. Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland, A.D. 80-1000. The new history of Scotland. London: E. Arnold, 1984. Print.
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. ‘Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland’. n. pag. Web. <https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/psas/volumes.cfm>.
Stokes, Whitley and Tigernach. The Annals of Tigernach. Felinfach, Lampeter, Dyfed [Wales]: Llanerch Publishers, 1993. Print.
Taylor, Alexander Burt. The Orkneyinga Saga. London: Oliver & Boyd, 1938. Print.
Taylor, Simon, and Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson. Kings, Clerics and Chronicles in Scotland, 500-1297: Essays in Honour of Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson on the Occasion of Her Ninetieth Birthday. Medieval studies. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000. Print.
‘The Scottish Archaeological Research Framework’. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.scottishheritagehub.com/>.
Thomas, Charles. The Early Christian Archaeology of North Britain: The Hunter Marshall Lectures Delivered at the University of Glasgow in January and February 1968. The Hunter Marshall lectures. London: Oxford University Press for the University of Glasgow, 1971. Print.
Wainwright, F. T. The Problem of the Picts. Perth: Melven Press, 1980. Print.
---. The Problem of the Picts. Perth: Melven Press, 1980. Web. <http://content.talisaspire.com/glasgow/bundles/568cdccee7ebb60218000020>.
---. The Problem of the Picts. Perth: Melven Press, 1980. Print.
---. The Souterrains of Southern Pictland. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1963. Print.
Watson, William J. The History of the Celtic Place-Names of Scotland. Burlington: TannerRitchie Publishing under license from Birlinn Ltd, 2021. Web. <https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://scotlandshistoryonline.com/browser.php?item_id=47>.
Wolfram, Herwig. ‘Origo et Religio. Ethnic Traditions and Literature in Early Medieval Texts’. Early Medieval Europe 3.1 (2007): 19–38. Web.
Woolf, Alex. ‘Dun Nechtain, Fortriu and the Geography of the Picts’. The Scottish Historical Review 85.2 (2006): 182–201. Web.
---. ‘Pictish Matriliny Reconsidered’. Innes Review 49.2 (1998): 147–167. Web.
Youngs, Susan, and P. T. Craddock. ‘The Work of Angels’: Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork, 6th-9th Centuries AD. London: British Museum Publications, 1989. Print.