Bibliography for Mongols and the West 2.0 BETA

Aalto, P., & Pekkanen, T. (1975). Latin sources on North-Eastern Eurasia: Vol. Asiatische Forschungen. Harrassowitz.

Abu-Lughod, J. L. (1989a). Before European hegemony: the world system A.D. 1250-1350. Oxford University Press.

Abu-Lughod, J. L. (1989b). Before European hegemony: the world system A.D. 1250-1350. Oxford University Press.

Aigle, D. (2005a). The Letters of Eljigidei, Hülegü, and Abaqa: Mongol Overtures or Christian Ventriloquism? Inner Asia, 7(2), 143–162. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23615692

Aigle, D. (2005b). The Letters of Eljigidei, Hülegü, and Abaqa: Mongol Overtures or Christian Ventriloquism? Inner Asia, 7(2), 143–162. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23615692

Aigle, D. (2015a). The Mongol Empire between myth and reality: studies in anthropological history: Vol. Iran studies. Brill.

Aigle, D. (2015b). The Mongol Empire between myth and reality: studies in anthropological history: Vol. Iran studies. Brill.

Allen, R. (Ed.). (2004). Eastward bound: travel and travellers, 1050-1550. Manchester University Press.

Allsen, T. T. (1983). Prelude to the western campaigns: Mongol military operations in the Volga- Ural region, 1217- 1237. Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi, 3, 5–24.

Allsen, T. T. (1986). Guard and Government in the Reign of The Grand Qan Möngke, 1251-59. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 46(2), 495–521. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719141

Allsen, T. T. (1987a). Mongol imperialism: the policies of the Grand Qan Möngke in China, Russia, and the Islamic lands, 1251-1259. University of California Press.

Allsen, T. T. (1987b). Mongol imperialism: the policies of the Grand Qan Möngke in China, Russia, and the Islamic lands, 1251-1259. University of California Press.

Allsen, T. T. (1989a). Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners, 1200-1260. Asia Major, 2(2), 83–126. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41645437

Allsen, T. T. (1989b). Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners, 1200-1260. Asia Major, 2(2), 83–126. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41645437

Allsen, T. T. (1997a). Commodity and exchange in the Mongol empire: a cultural history of Islamic textiles: Vol. Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization. Cambridge University Press.

Allsen, T. T. (1997b). Ever Closer Encounters: the Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire. Journal of Early Modern History, 1(1), 2–23. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006597X00208

Allsen, T. T. (1997c). Ever Closer Encounters: the Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire. Journal of Early Modern History, 1(1), 2–23. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006597X00208

Allsen, T. T. (2001). Culture and conquest in Mongol Eurasia: Vol. Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization. Cambridge University Press.

Amitai, R. (1999). Northern Syria between the Mongols and Mamluks: Political Boundary, Military frontier and Ethnic affinity. In N. Standen & D. Power (Eds.), Frontiers in Question: Eurasian Borderlands c. 700-1700 (pp. 128–152). Macmillan Press. https://www.academia.edu/15744557/_Northern_Syria_between_the_Mongols_and_Mamluks_Political_Boundary_Military_frontier_and_Ethnic_affinity._In_Naomi_Standen_and_Daniel_Power_editors._Frontiers_in_Question_Eurasian_Borderlands_c._700-1700._London_Macmillan_Press_1999._128-52

Amitai, R. (2001a). Edward of England and Abagha Ilkhan. A Reexamination of a failed attempt at Mongol- Frankish cooperation. In M. Gervers & J. M. Powell (Eds.), Tolerance and intolerance: social conflict in the age of the Crusades: Vol. Medieval studies (pp. 75–82). Syracuse University Press.

Amitai, R. (2001b). Edward of England and Abagha Ilkhan. A Reexamination of a failed attempt at Mongol- Frankish cooperation. In M. Gervers & J. M. Powell (Eds.), Tolerance and intolerance: social conflict in the age of the Crusades: Vol. Medieval studies (pp. 75–82). Syracuse University Press.

Amitai, R. (2011). Im Westen nichts Neues? Re-examining Hülegü’s Offensive into the Jazīra and Northern Syria in Light of Recent Research. In F. Krämer, K. Schmidt, & J. Singer (Eds.), Historicizing the "Beyond”. The Mongolian Invasion as a New Dimension of Violence? (pp. 83–96). https://www.academia.edu/16131627/_Im_Westen_nichts_Neues_Re-examining_H%C3%BCleg%C3%BC_s_Offensive_into_the_Jaz%C4%ABra_and_Northern_Syria_in_Light_of_Recent_Research._In_F._Kr%C3%A4mer_K._Schmidt_and_J._Singer_eds._Historicizing_the_Beyond_._The_Mongolian_Invasion_as_a_New_Dimension_of_Violence_Heidelberg_2011._83-96

Amitai, R. (2014). Dangerous Liaisons: Armenian-Mongol-Mamluk Relations (1260-1292). In G. Dédéyan & C. Mutafian (Eds.), La Méditerranée des Arméniens, XIIe-XVe siècle: Vol. Orient Chrétien Médiéval (pp. 191–206). Geuthner. https://www.academia.edu/15048103/_Dangerous_Liaisons_Armenian-Mongol-Mamluk_Relations_1260-1292_._In_G%C3%A9rard_D%C3%A9d%C3%A9yan_and_Claude_Mutafian_eds._La_M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e_des_Arm%C3%A9niens_XIIe-XVe_si%C3%A8cle._Orient_Chr%C3%A9tien_M%C3%A9di%C3%A9val._Paris_Geuthner_2014._191-206

Amitai, R. (2015). The Impact of the Mongols on the History of Syria: Politics, Society and Culture. In R. Amitai & M. Biran (Eds.), Nomads as agents of cultural change: the Mongols and their Eurasian predecessors: Vol. Perspectives on the global past (pp. 271–282). University of Hawaii Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3413788

Amitai-Preiss, R. (1995). Mongols and Mamluks: the Mamluk-Īlkhānid war, 1260-1281: Vol. Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization. Cambridge University Press.

Amitai-Preiss, R. (1996). Ghazan, Islam and Mongol Tradition: A View from the Mamlūk sultanate. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 59(1), 1–10. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/619387

Amitai-Preiss, R. (1999). Mongol imperial ideology and the Ilkhanid war against the Mamluks. In R. Amitai-Preiss & D. O. Morgan (Eds.), The Mongol empire and its legacy: Vol. Islamic history and civilization. Brill.

Amitai-Preiss, R., & Morgan, D. O. (Eds.). (1999). The Mongol Empire and its Legacy: Vol. Islamic history and civilization. Brill.

Arnold, L. (1999). Princely gifts and papal treasures: the Franciscan mission to China and its influence on the art of the West, 1250-1350. Desiderata.

Ayton, A. (2006). From Muhi to Mohacs: armies and combatants in later medieval European transcultural wars. In H.-H. Kortüm (Ed.), Transcultural wars from the Middle Ages to the 21st century (pp. 213–247). Akademie. http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1348821

Bachfeld, G. (1889). Die Mongolen in Polen, Schlesien, Böhmen und Mähren. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des groвen Mongolensturmes im Jahre 1241. Innsbruck, 1889.

Bacon, R. (1962). The Opus Majus of Roger Bacon: a translation (R. B. Burke, Ed.). Russell & Russell.

Balaresque, P., Poulet, N., Cussat-Blanc, S., Gerard, P., Quintana-Murci, L., Heyer, E., & Jobling, M. A. (2015). Y-chromosome descent clusters and male differential reproductive success: young lineage expansions dominate Asian pastoral nomadic populations. European Journal of Human Genetics, 23(10), 1413–1422. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2014.285

Bar Hebraeus & Bodleian Library. (1932). The chronography of Gregory Abû’l Faraj, the son of Aaron, the Hebrew physician, commonly known as Bar Hebraeus: being the first part of his political history of the world (E. A. W. Budge, Ed.). Oxford University Press.

Baraz, D. (2003). Medieval cruelty: changing perceptions, late antiquity to the early modern period: Vol. Conjunctions of religion&power in the medieval past. Cornell University Press.

Bartlett, R. (1994). The making of Europe: conquest, colonization and cultural change 950-1350. Penguin Books.

Baumgärtner, I. (1997). Weltbild und Empirie. Die Erweiterung des Kartographischen Weltbilds durch die Asienreisen des Späten Mittelalters. Journal of Medieval History, 23(3), 227–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4181(97)00006-7

Beazley, C. R., & Ruysbroeck, W. van. (1903a). The texts and versions of John de Plano Carpini and William de Rubruquis, as printed for the first time by Hakluyt in 1598, together with some shorter pieces: Vol. Works issued by the Hakluyt Society. Printed for the Hakluyt Society.

Beazley, C. R., & Ruysbroeck, W. van. (1903b). The texts and versions of John de Plano Carpini and William de Rubruquis, as printed for the first time by Hakluyt in 1598, together with some shorter pieces: Vol. Works issued by the Hakluyt Society. Printed for the Hakluyt Society.

Becker, J. (1932). Zum Mongoleneinfall von 1241. Zeitschrift Des Vereins Für Geschichte (Und Alterthum) Schlesiens, 66. http://www.dmgh.de/de/fs1/object/goToPage/bsb00000841.html?pageNo=637

Bennett, S. (2011). The report of friar John of Plano Carpini: analysis of an intelligence gathering mission conducted on behalf of the Papacy in the mid thirteenth century. History Studies: University of Limerick History Society Journal, 12, 1–14. https://ulir.ul.ie/bitstream/handle/10344/3688/History%20Studies_12_2011_12.9MB.pdf?sequence=2

Bentley, J. H. (1996). Cross-Cultural Interaction and Periodization in World History. The American Historical Review, 101(3), 749–770. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2169422

Bentley, J. H. & American Council of Learned Societies. (1993). Old World encounters: cross-cultural contacts and exchanges in pre-modern times [Electronic resource]. Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.30958

Berend, N. (2001). At the gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims, and ‘pagans’ in medieval Hungary, c. 1000-c. 1300: Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge University Press.

Berend, N., Wiszewski, P., & Urbańczyk, P. (2013). Central Europe in the high Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland c. 900-c. 1300: Vol. Cambridge medieval textbooks. Cambridge University Press.

Bezzola, G. A. (1974). Die Mongolen in abendländischer Sicht (1220-1270): ein Beitrag zur Frage der Völkerbegegnungen. Francke Verlag.

Biran, M. (2013a). The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field. History Compass, 11(11), 1021–1033. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12095

Biran, M. (2013b). The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field. History Compass, 11(11), 1021–1033. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12095

Biran, M. (2015a). The Mongol Empire and inter-civilizational exchange. In B. Z. Kedar & M. Wiesner-Hanks (Eds.), The Cambridge World History (pp. 534–558). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021

Biran, M. (2015b). The Mongol Empire and inter-civilizational exchange. In B. Z. Kedar & M. Wiesner-Hanks (Eds.), The Cambridge World History (pp. 534–558). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021

Biran, M. (2016). Ilkhanid Empire. In Encyclopedia of Empires Online (pp. 1–7). https://doi.org/10.10029781118455074.wbeoe362

Bird, J. L., Peters, E., & Powell, J. M. (Eds.). (2013). Crusade and Christendom: annotated documents in translation from Innocent III to the fall of Acre, 1187-1291: Vol. The Middle Ages series. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Boyle, J. A. (n.d.). The Il-Khans of Persia and the Christian West. History Today, 8. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1299019901?accountid=14540

Boyle, J. A. (1968). Dynastic and Political History of the Il-Khans. In J. A. Boyle (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran: Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521069366.005

Boyle, J. A. (1969). Rashid al-Din: the First World Historian. Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society, 17(4). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1301939363?accountid=14540

Boyle, J. A. (1970). The Last Barbarian Invaders: The Impact of the Mongol Conquests Upon East and West. Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, 112(1), 1–15.

Brack, Y. (2011). A Mongol Princess Making Hajj: the Biography of El Qutlugh Daughter of Abagha Ilkhan (r. 1265-82) | Yoni Brack - Academia.edu. Journal of Royal Asiatic Society, 21(3), 331–359. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23011475

Brewer, K. (2015). Prester John: the legend and its sources: Vol. Crusade texts in translation. Ashgate. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=2039122

Brosset, H. (1850). Histoire de la Géorgie depuis l’antiquité jusqu’au XIX siècle. https://archive.org/details/histoiredelagor01fgoog

Budge, E. A. W. (Ed.). (1928). The monks of Ḳûblâi Khân, emperor of China or, The history of the life and travels of Rabban Ṣâwmâ, envoy and plentipotentiary of the Mongol khâns to the kings of Europe, and Marḳôs who as Mâr Yahbh-Allâhâ III became patriarch of the Nestorian church in Asia. Religious Tract Society. https://pages.uoregon.edu/sshoemak/324/texts/monks_of_kubla_khan.htm

Burnett, C., & Dalché, P. G. (1991). Attitudes Towards the Mongols in Medieval Literature: The XXII Kings of Gog and Magog from the Court of Frederick II to Jean de Mandeville. Viator, 22, 153–168. https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301320

Burton, H. (2007). Tartars and traitors: the uses of cannibalism in Matthew Paris’s Chronica Majora. In Cannibalism in High Medieval English Literature (pp. 81–104). https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-1-137-11579-9_5.pdf

Camargo, M. (2002). The Book of John Mandeville and the Geography of Identity. In T. S. Jones & D. A. Sprunger (Eds.), Marvels, monsters, and miracles: studies in the medieval and early modern imaginations: Vol. Studies in medieval culture (pp. 67–84). Medieval Institute Publications.

Campbell, M. B. (1988a). The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’ [Electronic resource]. In The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600: Vol. History e-book project (pp. 87–121). Cornell University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193

Campbell, M. B. (1988b). The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’ [Electronic resource]. In The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600: Vol. History e-book project (pp. 87–121). Cornell University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193

Campbell, M. B. (1991a). The witness and the other world: exotic European travel writing, 400-1600 [Electronic resource]. Cornell University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193

Campbell, M. B. (1991b). The witness and the other world: exotic European travel writing, 400-1600: Vol. History e-book project (1st print., Cornell Pbks) [Electronic resource]. Cornell University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193

Charles J. Halperin. (1982). George Vernadsky, Eurasianism, the Mongols, and Russia. Slavic Review, 41(3), 477–493. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2497020

Charles J. Halperin. (1983). Russia in The Mongol Empire in Comparative Perspective. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 43(1), 239–261. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719023

Charles J. Halperin. (2003). Ivan IV and Chinggis Khan. Jahrbücher Für Geschichte Osteuropas, 481–497. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41051135

Chekin, L. S. (1992). The Godless Ishmaelites: the Image of the Steppe in Eleventh-Thirteenth-Century Rus. Russian History, 19(1), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.1163/187633192X00028

Cogley, R. W. (2005). ‘The most vile and barbarous Nation of all the World’: Giles Fletcher the Elder’s The Tartars Or, Ten Tribes (ca. 1610)*. Renaissance Quarterly, 58. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|A136458551&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=6b410e10a9361f1d9370c626d81e6b9a

Connell, C. W. (1973a). Western Views of the Origin of the ‘Tartars’: an Example of the Influence of Myth in the Second Half of the Thirteenth Century. The Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 3, 115–137.

Connell, C. W. (1973b). Western views of the origins of the ‘Tartars’: an example of the influence of the myth in the second half of the thirteenth century. The Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 3.

Crawford, P. (Ed.). (2003). The ‘Templar of Tyre’: Part III of the ‘Deeds of the Cypriots’: Vol. Crusade texts in translation. Ashgate. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781351881333

Cultural Brokers between Religions. Border-Crossers and Experts at Mediterranean Courts. (2013). Cultural brokers at Mediterranean courts in the Middle Ages: Vol. Mittelmeerstudien (M. von der Höh, N. Jaspert, & J. R. Oesterle, Eds.). Wilhelm Fink.

Czarnowus, A. (2014a). The Mongols, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe: The Mirabilia Tradition in Benedict of Poland’s                              and John of Plano Carpini’s. Literature Compass, 11(7), 484–495. https://doi.org/10.1111/lic3.12150

Czarnowus, A. (2014b). The Mongols, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe: The Mirabilia Tradition in Benedict of Poland’s                              and John of Plano Carpini’s. Literature Compass, 11(7), 484–495. https://doi.org/10.1111/lic3.12150

D. O. Morgan. (2001a). Ibn Baṭṭūṭa and the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 11(1), 1–11. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188080

D. O. Morgan. (2001b). Ibn Baṭṭūṭa and the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 11(1), 1–11. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188080

Dawson, C. (1955a). The Mongol mission: narratives and letters of the Franciscan missionaries in Mongolia and China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries: Vol. Makers of Christendom series. Sheed & Ward.

Dawson, C. (1955b). The Mongol mission: narratives and letters of the Franciscan missionaries in Mongolia and China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries: Vol. Makers of Christendom series. Sheed & Ward.

Dawson, C. (1955c). The Mongol mission: narratives and letters of the Franciscan missionaries in Mongolia and China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries: Vol. Makers of Christendom series. Sheed & Ward.

Dawson, C. (1955d). The Mongol mission: narratives and letters of the Franciscan missionaries in Mongolia and China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries: Vol. Makers of Christendom series. Sheed & Ward.

Dawson Christopher S. (1980a). Mission to Asia: Vol. Medieval Academy Reprints for Teaching; 8 (0002 Revised). University of Toronto Publishing.

Dawson Christopher S. (1980b). Mission to Asia: Vol. Medieval Academy Reprints for Teaching; 8 (0002 Revised). University of Toronto Publishing.

De Rachewiltz, I. (1971). Papal envoys to the great Khans: Vol. Great travellers. Faber and Faber Ltd.

Derenko, M. V., Malyarchuk, B. A., Wozniak, M., Denisova, G. A., Dambueva, I. K., Dorzhu, C. M., Grzybowski, T., & Zakharov, I. A. (2007). Distribution of the male lineages of Genghis Khan’s descendants in northern Eurasian populations. Russian Journal of Genetics, 43(3), 334–337. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795407030179

Devin DeWeese. (1979). The Influence of the Mongols on the Religious Consciousness of Thirteenth-Century Europe. Mongolian Studies, 5, 41–78. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43193054?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

DeWeese, D. A. (1994a). Islamization and native religion in the Golden Horde: Baba Tükles and conversion to Islam in historical and epic tradition: Vol. Hermeneutics, studies in the history of religions. Pennsylvania State University Press.

DeWeese, D. A. (1994b). Islamization and native religion in the Golden Horde: Baba Tükles and conversion to Islam in historical and epic tradition: Vol. Hermeneutics, studies in the history of religions. Pennsylvania State University Press.

Di Cosmo, N. (2010). Black Sea Emporia and the Mongol Empire: A Reassessment of the Pax Mongolica. Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient, 53(1), 83–108. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=45694064&site=ehost-live

Di Cosmo, N., Frank, A. J., & Golden, P. B. (Eds.). (2009). The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: The Chinggisid Age. Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139056045

Dmytryshyn, B. (1973). Medieval Russia: a source book, 900-1700 (2nd ed). Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Dörrie, H. (Ed.). (1956). Drei Texte zur Geschichte der Ungarn und und Mongolen: die Missionsreisen des Fr. Julianus O. P. ins Uralgebiet (1234/59 und nach Rußland (1237) und der Bericht des Erzbischofs Peter über die Tartaren. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

Edson, E., & Savage-Smith, E. (2004). Medieval views of the Cosmos. Bodleian Library.

Engel, P. (2001). The realm of St. Stephen: a history of medieval Hungary, 895-1526. I. B. Tauris.

Espada, A. G. (2009). Marco Polo, Odorico of Pordenone, the Crusades, and the Role of the Vernacular in the First Descriptions of the Indies. Viator, 40(1), 201–222. https://doi.org/10.1484/J.VIATOR.1.100351

Fennell, J. L. I. (1983). The crisis of medieval Russia 1200-1304: Vol. Longman history of Russia. Longman.

Fennell, J. L. I., & Obolensky, D. (1969). A historical Russian reader: a selection of texts from the eleventh to the sixteenth centuries: Vol. Oxford Russian readers. Clarendon P.

Fischel, W. J. (1956a). A New Latin Source on Tamerlane’s Conquest of Damascus (1400/1401): (B. de Mignanelli’s ‘Vita Tamerlani’ 1416). Oriens, 9(2), 201–232. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1579274

Fischel, W. J. (1956b). A New Latin Source on Tamerlane’s Conquest of Damascus (1400/1401): (B. de Mignanelli’s ‘Vita Tamerlani’ 1416). Oriens, 9(2), 201–232. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1579274

Flint, V. I. J. (1984). Monsters and the Antipodes in the early Middle Ages and Enlightenment. Viator, 15, 65–80. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.brepolsonline.net./doi/pdf/10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301433

Folda, J. (2007). Crusader Artistic Interactions with the Mongols in the Thirteenth Century: Figural Imagery, Weapons, and the Çintamani Design. In C. Hourihane (Ed.), Interactions: Artistic Interchange between the Eastern and Western Worlds in the Medieval Period. Pennsylvania State University Press.

Font, M. (1993). Ungarn, Polen und Galizien-Wolhynien im ersten Drittel des 13. Jh. Studia Slavica, 38, 27–39.

Forbes Manz, B. (2000). Mongol History rewritten and relived. Revue Des Mondes Musulmans et de La Méditerranée, 89–90, 129–149. https://doi.org/10.4000/remmm.276

Foster, J. (1954). Crosses from the Walls of Zaitun. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland, 86(1–2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X0010629X

Francis Balducci Pegolotti. (1915a). Notices of the Land Route to Cathay and of Asiatic Trade in the First Half of the Fourteenth Century. In Cathay and the Way Thither. Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China (Vol. 2, pp. 279–308). https://archive.org/stream/cathayandwaythi00marigoog#page/n68/mode/2up

Franke, H. (1994). Sino-Western Contacts Under the Mongol Empire. In China under Mongol rule: Vol. Collected studies (pp. 49–72). Variorum. http://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/ba238c350f88e040d5c64d8cb722f1d0.pdf

Friedman, J. B. (1994). Cultural Conflicts in Medieval World Maps. In S. B. Schwartz (Ed.), Implicit understandings: observing, reporting, and reflecting on the encounters between Europeans and other peoples in the early modern era: Vol. Studies in comparative early modern history (pp. 64–95). Cambridge University Press.

Friedman, J. B. (2000a). The monstrous races in medieval art and thought: Vol. Medieval studies ([New ed.]). Syracuse University Press.

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Göckenjan, H. (2007c). Endzeitstimmung und Entdeckergeist. Die Mongolen im Spiegel zeitgenössischer abendländischer Quellen. In Ungarn, Türken und Mongolen. Harrassowitz.

Göckenjan, H. (2007d). Frühe Nachrichten über Zentralasien und die Seidenstraßen in der "Relatio de Davide rege. In Ungarn, Türken und Mongolen (pp. 117–142). Harrassowitz in Kommission.

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Golden, P. B. (2003a). Imperial Ideology and the Sources of Political Unity Amongst the Pre-Cinggisid Nomads of Western Eurasia. Nomads and Their Neighbours in the Russian Steppe: Turks, Khazars and Qipchaqs, Variorum collected studies series.

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Gregory G. Guzman. (1974a). The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum, 49(2), 287–307. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045

Gregory G. Guzman. (1974b). The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum, 49(2), 287–307. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045

Gregory G. Guzman. (1974c). The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum, 49(2), 287–307. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045

Gregory G. Guzman. (1974d). The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum, 49(2), 287–307. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045

Grierson, P. (1974). Muslim coins in thirteenth-century England. In D. J. Kouymijan (Ed.), Near Eastern Numismatics, Iconography, Epigraphy and History. Studies in Honour of George C. Miles (pp. 387–391).

Grinberg, L. (2011). From Mongol Prince to Russian Saint: A Neglected 15th-Century Russian Source on the Mongol Land Consecration Ritual. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 12(3), 647–673. https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2011.0030

Guzman, G. G. (1971a). Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum, 46(2). https://doi.org/10.2307/2854853

Guzman, G. G. (1971b). Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum, 46(2). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2854853

Guzman, G. G. (1971c). Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum, 46(2). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2854853

Guzman, G. G. (1985). Christian Europe and Mongol Asia: First Medieval Intercultural Contact Between East and West. Essays in Medieval Studies, 2, 227–244. http://www.illinoismedieval.org/ems/EMSpdf/V2/V2Guzman.pdf

Guzman, G. G. (1991). Reports of Mongol Cannibalism in the Thirteenth-Century Latin Sources: Oriental Fact or Western Fiction? In S. D. Westrem (Ed.), Discovering New Worlds: Essays on Medieval Exploration and Imagination (pp. 31–68). Garlad Press.

Guzman, G. G. (1996a). European clerical envoys to the Mongols: Reports of western merchants in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 1231-1255. Journal of Medieval History, 22(1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4181(96)00008-5

Guzman, G. G. (1996b). European clerical envoys to the Mongols: Reports of Western merchants in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 1231–1255. Journal of Medieval History, 22(1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4181(96)00008-5

Guzman, G. G. (2010). European captives and craftsmen among the Mongols, 1231-1255. The Historian, 72(1). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=glasuni&id=GALE|A221917893&v=2.1&it=r&sid=summon&userGroup=glasuni

Haenisch, E., & Olbricht, P. (1969). Zum Untergang zweier Reiche: Berichte von Augenzeugen aus den Jahren 1232-33 und 1368-70: Vol. 38,4. Steiner [in Komm.].

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Halperin, C. J. (1982b). ‘Know Thy Enemy’: Medieval Russian Familiarity with the Mongols of the Golden Horde. Jahrbücher Für Geschichte Osteuropas, 30(2), 161–175. https://www.academia.edu/10357151/Charles_J._Halperin_Russian_and_Mongols._Slavs_and_the_Steppe_in_Medieval_and_Early_Modern_Russia

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Halperin, C. J. (1998). Russo-Tartar Relations in Mongol Context: Two Notes. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 321(339). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43391348

Halperin, C. J. (2000). Kliuchevskii and the Tartar Yoke. Canadian-American Slavic Studies, 34(4), 3–408. https://doi.org/10.1163/221023900X00515

Halperin, C. J. (2013). The Battle of Kulikovo Field (1380) in History and Historical Memory. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 14:4(4), 853–864. https://doi.org/10.1353/kri.2013.0061

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Irwin, R. (1986). The Middle East in the Middle Ages: the early Mamluk sultanate, 1250-1382: Vol. History e-book project [Electronic resource]. Southern Illinois University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00900

Jackson, P. (1980a). The Crisis in the Holy Land in 1260. The English Historical Review, 95(376), 481–513. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/568054

Jackson, P. (1980b). The Crisis in the Holy Land in 1260. The English Historical Review, 95(376), 481–513. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/568054

Jackson, P. (1987). The Crusades of 1239-12€“41 and their aftermath. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 50(01). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00053180

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Jackson, P. (1994b). William of Rubruck in the Mongol Empire: Perception and Prejudices. In Z. R. W. M. von Martels (Ed.), Travel fact and travel fiction: studies on fiction, literary tradition, scholarly discovery, and observation in travel writing: Vol. Brill’s studies in intellectual history (pp. 54–71). E.J. Brill.

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Jackson, P. (1994d). William of Rubruck in the Mongol Empire: perception and prejudices. In Z. von Martels (Ed.), Travel fact and travel fiction: studies on fiction, literary tradition, scholarly discovery, and observation in travel writing: Vol. Brill’s studies in intellectual history (pp. 54–71). E.J. Brill.

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Jackson, P. (2001a). Christians, Barbarians and Monsters: The European Discovery of the World Beyond Islam [Electronic resource]. In P. Linehan & J. L. Nelson (Eds.), The medieval world (pp. 93–110). Routledge. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781315016207

Jackson, P. (2001b). Christians, Barbarians and Monsters: The European Discovery of the World Beyond Islam [Electronic resource]. In P. Linehan & J. L. Nelson (Eds.), The medieval world (pp. 93–110). Routledge. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781315016207

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Parry, K. (2003). Angels and Apsaras: Christian Tombstones from Quanzhou. TAASA Review [The Journal of the Asian Arts Society of Australia], 12(2), 4–5. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ea40801b-dd40-e911-80cd-005056af4099

Paul Hyer. (1966). The Re-Evaluation of Chinggis Khan: Its Role in the Sino-Soviet Dispute. Asian Survey, 6(12), 696–705. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2642195

Peleggi, M. (2001). Shifting Alterity: The Mongol in the Visual and Literary Culture of the Late Middle Ages . The Medieval History Journal, 4(1), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/097194580100400102

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Peter Jackson. (1998). Marco Polo and His ‘Travels’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 61(1), 82–101. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3107293

Phillips, J. R. S. (1998a). European merchants and the East. In The Medieval Expansion of Europe (pp. 96–114). Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-6

Phillips, J. R. S. (1998b). Scholarship and the imagination. In The Medieval Expansion of Europe (pp. 177–199). Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-10

Phillips, J. R. S. (1998c). The eastern missions. In The Medieval Expansion of Europe (pp. 78–95). Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-5

Phillips, J. R. S. (1998d). Europe and the Mongol invasions. In The Medieval Expansion of Europe (pp. 55–77). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.003.0004

Phillips, J. R. S. (1998e). The Lost Alliance: European Monarchs and Mongol ‘Crusaders’. In The Medieval Expansion of Europe (pp. 115–132). Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-7

Phillips, J. R. S. & Oxford University Press. (1998). The medieval expansion of Europe (2nd ed) [Electronic resource]. Clarendon. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001

Phillips, K. M. (2014). Before Orientalism: Asian peoples and cultures in European travel writing, 1245-1510: Vol. The Middle Ages series. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Polo, M. (1958a). The travels of Marco Polo (R. Latham, Ed.). Penguin Books.

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Power, A. (2012a). Roger Bacon and the Defence of Christendom: Vol. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series [Electronic resource]. Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511843402

Power, A. (2012b). Roger Bacon and the Defence of Christendom: Vol. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series [Electronic resource]. Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511843402

Power, A. (2012c). Roger Bacon and the Defence of Christendom: Vol. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series [Electronic resource]. Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511843402

Power, A. (2015a). Encounters in the Ruins: Latin Captives, Franciscan Friars and the Dangers of Religious Plurality in the early Mongol Empire. In C. Methuen, A. Spicer, & J. Wolffe (Eds.), Christianity and religious plurality: Vol. Studies in church history. Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press.

Power, A. (2015b). Encounters in the Ruins: Latin Captives, Franciscan Friars and the Dangers of Religious Plurality in the early Mongol Empire. In C. Methuen, A. Spicer, & J. Wolffe (Eds.), Christianity and religious plurality: Vol. Studies in church history. Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press.

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Purtle, J. (2011). The Far Side: Expatriate Medieval Art and Its Languages in Sino-Mongol China. Medieval Encounters, 17(1–2), 167–197. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006711X561758

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Rachewiltz, I. de. (1973b). Some remarks on the ideological foundations of Chingis Khan’s empire. Papers on Far Eastern History, 7, 21–36. https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/rachewiltz/Rachewiltz_Some%20Remarks%20on%20the%20Ideological%20Foundations%201973.pdf

Rachewiltz, I. de. (2006). The secret history of the Mongols: a Mongolian epic chronicle of the thirteenth century. Brill. https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=cedarbooks

Ramey, L. T. (2008a). Monstrous Alterity in Early Modern Travel Accounts: Lessons from the Ambiguous Medieval Discourse on Humanness. L’Esprit Créateur, 48(1), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1353/esp.2008.0008

Ramey, L. T. (2008b). Monstrous Alterity in Early Modern Travel Accounts: Lessons from the Ambiguous Medieval Discourse on Humanness. L’Esprit Créateur, 48(1), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1353/esp.2008.0008

Raphael, K. (2009). Mongol Siege Warfare on the Banks of the Euphrates and the Question of Gunpowder (1260-1312). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 19(3), 355–370. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27756073

Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb. (1971). The successors of Genghis Khan: Vol. Persian heritage series. Columbia University Press. https://archive.org/details/Boyle1971RashidAlDin

Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb. (2012). Compendium of Chronicles. In W. M. Thackston (Ed.), Classical writings of the medieval Islamic world: Persian histories of the Mongol dynasties. I.B. Tauris.

Ratchnevsky, P. (1991a). Genghis Khan, his life and legacy (T. N. Haining, Ed.). Blackwell.

Ratchnevsky, P. (1991b). Genghis Khan, his life and legacy (T. N. Haining, Ed.). Blackwell.

Reichert, F. E. (1992). Begegnungen mit China: die Entdeckung Ostasiens im Mittelalter: Vol. Beiträge zur Geschichte und Quellenkunde des Mittelalters. Thorbecke.

Richard, J. (1969). The Mongols and the Franks. Journal of Asian History, 3(1), 45–57. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41929939

Richard, J. (1979). Les causes des victoires mongoles d’après les historiens orientaux du XIIIe siècle. Central Asiatic Journal, 23, 104–117.

Richard, J. (1983). Les Mongols et l’Occident: deux siècles de contacts. Croisés, Missionnaires et Voyageurs: Les Perspectives Orientales Du Monde Latin M︠edi︠eval, Collected studies.

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Rogerius. (2010a). Gesta Hungarorum: Vol. Central European medieval texts (M. C. Rady, L. Veszprémy, & J. M. Bak, Eds.; English ed). Central European University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319

Rogerius. (2010b). Gesta Hungarorum: Vol. Central European medieval texts (M. C. Rady, L. Veszprémy, & J. M. Bak, Eds.; English ed). Central European University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319

Rogerius. (2010c). Gesta Hungarorum: Vol. Central European medieval texts (M. C. Rady, L. Veszprémy, & J. M. Bak, Eds.; English ed). Central European University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319

Rogers, G. S. (1996). An examination of historians’ explanations for the Mongol withdrawal from East Central Europe. East European Quarterly, 30(1). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|A18180110&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=3a86e21e14993150faffe4d71799d2a5

Rossabi, M. (1987). Khubilai Khan: his life and times. University of California Press.

Rossabi, M. (1992). Voyager from Xanadu: Rabban Sauma and the first journey from China to the West (1st ed). Kodansha International.

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Rudolf Wittkower. (1942a). Marvels of the East. A Study in the History of Monsters. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 5, 159–197. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/750452

Rudolf Wittkower. (1942b). Marvels of the East. A Study in the History of Monsters. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 5, 159–197. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/750452

Ruotsala, A. (2001a). Europeans and Mongols in the middle of the thirteenth century: encountering the other: Vol. Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemian toimituksia. Sarja Humaniora. The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.

Ruotsala, A. (2001b). Europeans and Mongols in the middle of the thirteenth century: encountering the other: Vol. Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemian toimituksia. Sarja Humaniora. The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.

Ryan, J. (1981). Nicholas IV and the evolution of the eastern missionary effort. Archivum Historiae Pontificiae, 19, 79–95. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jUEYeZfWXsYC&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79&dq=%22Nicholas+IV+and+the+evolution+of+the+eastern+missionary+effort%22&source=bl&ots=rJNMjpsJei&sig=EGUW8tpK23lkPfvW2aPSA65n8sk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU9pvQgYfLAhVBaRQKHT3xBS0Q6AEIODAH#v=onepage&q=%22Nicholas%20IV%20and%20the%20evolution%20of%20the%20eastern%20missionary%20effort%22&f=false

Ryan, J. (1997). Conversion vs. Baptism? European Missionaries in Asia in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. In J. Muldoon (Ed.), Varieties of religious conversion in the Middle Ages (pp. 146–167). University Press of Florida.

Ryan, J. (2000). To Baptize Khans or to Convert Peoples? Missionary Aims in Central Asia in the Fourteenth Century. In G. Armstrong & I. N. Wood (Eds.), Christianizing peoples and converting individuals: [Selected proceedings of the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds, 1997]: Vol. International medieval research (pp. 247–257). Brepols.

Ryan, J. D. (1993). European Travelers before Columbus: The Fourteenth Century’s Discovery of India. The Catholic Historical Review, 79(4), 648–670. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25024143

Ryan, J. D. (1998a). Christian Wives of Mongol Khans: Tartar Queens and Missionary Expectations in Asia. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 8(03), 411–421. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1356186300010506

Ryan, J. D. (1998b). Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History, 2(4), 350–373. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006598X00027

Ryan, J. D. (1998c). Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History, 2(4), 350–373. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006598X00027

Ryan, J. D. (1998d). Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History, 2(4), 350–373. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006598X00027

Ryan, J. D. (2004). Missionary saints of the high middle ages: martyrdom, popular veneration, and canonization. The Catholic Historical Review, 90(1). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA117040866&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=6789ee52dcb3dec72a5bdc9e58d538eb

Saunders, J. J. (1969a). Matthew Paris and the Mongols. In T. A. Sandquist & M. Powicke (Eds.), Essays in medieval history presented to Bertie Wilkinson (pp. 116–132). University of Toronto Press.

Saunders, J. J. (1969b). Matthew Paris and the Mongols. In T. A. Sandquist & M. Powicke (Eds.), Essays in medieval history presented to Bertie Wilkinson (pp. 116–132). University of Toronto Press.

Schmieder, F. (1998). Nota sectam maometicam atterendam a tartaris et christianis: The Mongols as non-believing apocalyptic friends around the year 1260. Journal of Millennial Studies, 1(1). http://www.mille.org/publications/summer98/fschmieder.pdf

Schmieder, F. (2000). Cum hora undecima: The Incorporation of Asia into the orbis Christianus. In G. Armstrong & I. N. Wood (Eds.), Christianizing peoples and converting individuals: Vol. International medieval research (pp. 265–259). Brepols.

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Selart, A. (2015). Livonia, Rus’ and the Baltic Crusades in the thirteenth century: Vol. East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450. Brill.

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Sinor, D. (1957a). John of Plano Carpini’s Return from the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland, 89(3–4), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00115837

Sinor, D. (1957b). John of Plano Carpini’s Return from the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland, 89(3–4), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035869X00115837

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Skelton, R. A., & Painter, G. D. (1965). The ‘Vinland map’ and the ‘Tartar relation’. Yale U.P.

Smith, Jr., J. M. (1984). Ayn Jālūt: Mamlūk Sucess or Mongol Failure? Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 44(2), 307–345. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719035

Smith Jr., J. M. (1993a). Demographic Considerations in Mongol Siege Warfare. Archivum Ottomanicum, 13, 329–334.

Smith Jr., J. M. (1993b). Demographic Considerations in Mongol Siege Warfare. Archivum Ottomanicum, 13, 329–334.

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Strickland, D. H. (2003). Saracens, demons & Jews: making monsters in Medieval art. Princeton University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.aaeportal.com/?id=-19747

Subrahmanyam, S. (2011). Mughals and Franks: Vol. Explorations in connected history. Oxford University Press.

Sweeney, J. R. (1982a). Thomas of Spalato and the Mongols: a thirteenth-century Dalmatian view of Mongol customs. Florilegium, 4. https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/flor/article/view/15352/20508

Sweeney, J. R. (1982b). Thomas of Spalato and the Mongols: a thirteenth-century Dalmatian view of Mongol customs. Florilegium, 4. https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/flor/article/view/15352/20508

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Thomas of Spalato. (2006b). Historia Salonitanorum atque Spalatinorum pontificum: Vol. Central European medieval texts (O. Perić, D. Karbić, M. Matijević-Sokol, & J. R. Sweeney, Eds.). Central European University Press.

Tōyō Bunko (Japan), & Szczesсiak, B. (1958). Hagiographical Documentation of the Mongol Invasions of Poland in the Thirteenth Century. Part I: The Preaching Friars. In Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (The Oriental Library): 17 (pp. 167–195). The Toyo Bunko.

Valtrová, J. (2010). Beyond the Horizons of Legends:Traditional Imagery and Direct Experience in Medieval Accounts of Asia. Numen, 57(2), 154–185. https://doi.org/10.1163/156852710X487574

Várdy, S. B. (1979). Castle Building and Its Social Significance  in Medieval Hungary. Canadian-American Review of Hungarian Studies, 6(2), 91–97. http://epa.oszk.hu/01900/01994/00011/pdf/CARHS_1979_2_091-097.pdf

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Vincent of Beauvais. (2011). Speculum historiale (Excerpta): Vol. Brepolis Latin [Electronic resource]. Brepols Publishers. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://clt.brepolis.net/eMGH/pages/TextSearch.aspx?key=M_CRX__OEK

Voegelin, E. (1941a). The Mongol orders of submission to European powers, 1245–1255. Byzantion, 15, 378–413.

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Walter de Gruyter & Co. (2015). Handbook of medieval culture: fundamental aspects and conditions of the European Middle Ages, Volume 1 (A. Classen, Ed.). De Gruyter. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.degruyter.com/view/product/179332

Wardwell, A. E. (1999). Panni Tartarici: Eastern Islamic Silks Woven with Gold and Silver (13th and 14th Centuries). In Islamic Art: Vol 3 (pp. 95–173).

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Zerjal, T., Xue, Y., Bertorelle, G., Wells, R. S., Bao, W., Zhu, S., Qamar, R., Ayub, Q., Mohyuddin, A., Fu, S., Li, P., Yuldasheva, N., Ruzibakiev, R., Xu, J., Shu, Q., Du, R., Yang, H., Hurles, M. E., Robinson, E., … Tyler-Smith, C. (2003). The Genetic Legacy of the Mongols. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 72(3), 717–721. https://doi.org/10.1086/367774