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Biran M. Ilkhanid Empire. In: Encyclopedia of Empires Online. 2016. 1–7. doi:10.10029781118455074.wbeoe362
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Amitai-Preiss R, Morgan DO, editors. The Mongol Empire and its Legacy. Leiden: : Brill 1999.
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Kinoshita S. The Painter, the Warrior, and the Sultan: The World of Marco Polo in Three Portraits. The Medieval Globe 2016;2:101–28.https://www.academia.edu/22516484/The_Medieval_Globe_The_Painter_the_Warrior_and_the_Sultan_The_World_of_Marco_Polo_in_Three_Portraits
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Campbell MB. The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’. In: The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1988. 87–121.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193
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Folda J. Crusader Artistic Interactions with the Mongols in the Thirteenth Century: Figural Imagery, Weapons, and the Çintamani Design. In: Hourihane C, ed. Interactions: Artistic Interchange between the Eastern and Western Worlds in the Medieval Period. University Park: : Pennsylvania State University Press 2007.
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Allen R, editor. Eastward bound: travel and travellers, 1050-1550. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2004.
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Kupfer M. The Lost Wheel Map of Ambrogio Lorenzetti. The Art Bulletin 1996;78:286–310.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3046176
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Ryan JD. Christian Wives of Mongol Khans: Tartar Queens and Missionary Expectations in Asia. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 1998;8:411–21. doi:10.1017/S1356186300010506
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Ryan JD. European Travelers before Columbus: The Fourteenth Century’s Discovery of India. The Catholic Historical Review 1993;79:648–70.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25024143
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Espada AG. Marco Polo, Odorico of Pordenone, the Crusades, and the Role of the Vernacular in the First Descriptions of the Indies. Viator 2009;40:201–22. doi:10.1484/J.VIATOR.1.100351
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Ryan JD. Missionary saints of the high middle ages: martyrdom, popular veneration, and canonization. The Catholic Historical Review 2004;90.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA117040866&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=6789ee52dcb3dec72a5bdc9e58d538eb
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Richard J. The Mongols and the Franks. Journal of Asian History 1969;3:45–57.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41929939
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Halperin CJ. Russo-Tartar Relations in Mongol Context: Two Notes. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 1998;321.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43391348
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Allsen TT. Guard and Government in the Reign of The Grand Qan Möngke, 1251-59. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 1986;46:495–521.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719141
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Allsen TT. Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners, 1200-1260. Asia Major 1989;2:83–126.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41645437
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Smith, Jr. JM. Ayn Jālūt: Mamlūk Sucess or Mongol Failure? Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 1984;44:307–45.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719035
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Boyle JA. Rashid al-Din: the First World Historian. Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society 1969;17.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1301939363?accountid=14540
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Kamila S. History and legend in the Jāmi` al-tawārikh: Abraham, Alexander, and Oghuz Khan. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2015;25:555–77. doi:10.1017/S1356186315000218
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Boyle JA. Dynastic and Political History of the Il-Khans. In: Boyle JA, ed. The Cambridge History of Iran: Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1968. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521069366.005
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Amitai-Preiss R. Ghazan, Islam and Mongol Tradition: A View from the Mamlūk sultanate. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1996;59:1–10.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/619387
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May T. The Training of an Inner Asian Nomad Army in the Pre-Modern Period. The Journal of Military History 2006;70:617–35. doi:10.1353/jmh.2006.0179
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Raphael K. Mongol Siege Warfare on the Banks of the Euphrates and the Question of Gunpowder (1260-1312). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2009;19:355–70.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27756073
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Jackson P. The Mongols and the west, 1221-1410. Harlow, England: : Pearson Longman 2005.
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Abu-Lughod JL. Before European hegemony: the world system A.D. 1250-1350. New York: : Oxford University Press 1989.
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Aigle D. The Mongol Empire between myth and reality: studies in anthropological history. Leiden: : Brill 2015.
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Phillips KM. Before Orientalism: Asian peoples and cultures in European travel writing, 1245-1510. Philadelphia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press 2014.
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Ruotsala A. Europeans and Mongols in the middle of the thirteenth century: encountering the other. [Helsinki]: : The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters 2001.
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Aigle D. The Letters of Eljigidei, Hülegü, and Abaqa: Mongol Overtures or Christian Ventriloquism? Inner Asia 2005;7:143–62.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23615692
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Allsen TT. Ever Closer Encounters: the Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire. Journal of Early Modern History 1997;1:2–23. doi:10.1163/157006597X00208
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Allsen TT. Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners, 1200-1260. Asia Major 1989;2:83–126.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41645437
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Amitai R. Edward of England and Abagha Ilkhan. A Reexamination of a failed attempt at Mongol- Frankish cooperation. In: Gervers M, Powell JM, eds. Tolerance and intolerance: social conflict in the age of the Crusades. Syracuse, N.Y.: : Syracuse University Press 2001. 75–82.
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Biran M. The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field. History Compass 2013;11:1021–33. doi:10.1111/hic3.12095
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Biran M. The Mongol Empire and inter-civilizational exchange. In: Kedar BZ, Wiesner-Hanks M, eds. The Cambridge World History. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2015. 534–58. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021
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Campbell MB. The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’. In: The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1988. 87–121.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193
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Halperin CJ. ‘Know Thy Enemy’: Medieval Russian Familiarity with the Mongols of the Golden Horde. Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 1982;30:161–75.https://www.academia.edu/10357151/Charles_J._Halperin_Russian_and_Mongols._Slavs_and_the_Steppe_in_Medieval_and_Early_Modern_Russia
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Ho C. Thirteenth and Fourteenth Century European-Mongol Relations. History Compass 2012;10:946–68. doi:10.1111/hic3.12018
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Jackson P. Christians, Barbarians and Monsters: The European Discovery of the World Beyond Islam. In: Linehan P, Nelson JL, eds. The medieval world. London: : Routledge 2001. 93–110.https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781315016207
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Jackson P. William of Rubruck in the Mongol Empire: Perception and Prejudices. In: Martels ZRWM von, ed. Travel fact and travel fiction: studies on fiction, literary tradition, scholarly discovery, and observation in travel writing. Leiden: : E.J. Brill 1994. 54–71.
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Jackson P. The Crisis in the Holy Land in 1260. The English Historical Review 1980;95:481–513.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/568054
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Jensen KV. Devils, noble savages, and the iron gate: Thirteenth century European concepts of the Mongols. Bulletin of International Medieval Research 2000;6:1–20.
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Lane G. Whose secret Intent? In: Rossabi M, ed. Eurasian Influences On Yuan China: Cross-Cultural Transmissions in the 13th and 14th Centuries. Singapore: : Univerity of Singapore Press 2012. 1–40.http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/14258/
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Lopez RS. China Silk in Europe in the Yuan Period. Journal of the American Oriental Society 1952;72:72–6.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/595832
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May T. The Mongol Art of War and the Tsunami Strategy. Golden Horde Civilisation 2015;8:31–8.https://www.academia.edu/16167427/The_Mongol_Art_of_War_and_the_Tsunami_Strategy
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May T. The Chinggis Exchange: the Mongol Empire and Global Impact on Warfare. World History Connected;12.http://worldhistoryconnected.press.illinois.edu/12.1/forum_may.html
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Power A. Encounters in the Ruins: Latin Captives, Franciscan Friars and the Dangers of Religious Plurality in the early Mongol Empire. In: Methuen C, Spicer A, Wolffe J, eds. Christianity and religious plurality. Woodbridge: : Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press 2015.
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Ryan JD. Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History 1998;2:350–73. doi:10.1163/157006598X00027
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Sweeney JR. Identifying the medieval refugee: Hungarians in flight during the Mongol invasion. In: Löb L, Petrovics I, Szınyi GE, eds. Forms of Identity. Definitions and Changes. 1994. 63–76.
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Dawson Christopher S. Mission to Asia. 0002 Revised. Toronto: : University of Toronto Publishing 1980.
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Yule H, Cordier H. Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China. New ed. London: : Printed for the Hakluyt society 1913.
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Paris M. Matthew Paris’s English history: from the year 1235 to 1273. London: : Bohn 1852. https://archive.org/texts/flipbook/flippy.php?id=matthewparissen01rishgoog
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Thomas of Spalato. Historia Salonitanorum atque Spalatinorum pontificum - History of the Bishops of Salona and Split. Budapest: : Central European University Press 2006. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/reader.action?docID=3137225&ppg=1
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Polo M. The travels of Marco Polo. London: : Penguin Books 1958.
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Rogerius. Gesta Hungarorum. English ed. Budapest: : Central European University Press 2010. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319
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Yule H, Odorico. The travels of Friar Odoric. Grand Rapids, Mich: : W.B. Eerdmans Pub. Co 2002.
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Biran M. The Mongol Empire and inter-civilizational exchange. In: Kedar BZ, Wiesner-Hanks M, eds. The Cambridge World History. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2015. 534–58. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021
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Allsen TT. Mongol imperialism: the policies of the Grand Qan Möngke in China, Russia, and the Islamic lands, 1251-1259. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1987.
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Jackson P. From Ulus to Khanate: the making of the Mongol states, c.1220-c.1290. In: Amitai-Preiss R, Morgan D, eds. The Mongol empire and its legacy. Leiden: : Brill 1999. 12–38.
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Allsen TT. Culture and conquest in Mongol Eurasia. Cambridge, UK: : Cambridge University Press 2001.
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Ratchnevsky P. Genghis Khan, his life and legacy. Oxford: : Blackwell 1991.
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Di Cosmo N, Frank AJ, Golden PB, editors. The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: The Chinggisid Age. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2009. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139056045
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Komaroff L, editor. Beyond the legacy of Genghis Khan. Leiden: : Brill 2013.
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Morgan D. The Decline and Fall of the Mongol Empire. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2009;19. doi:10.1017/S1356186309990046
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Subrahmanyam S. Mughals and Franks. New Delhi: : Oxford University Press 2011.
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Ratchnevsky P. Genghis Khan, his life and legacy. Oxford: : Blackwell 1991.
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Rossabi M. Khubilai Khan: his life and times. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1987.
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Sela R. The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2011. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511977343
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Morgan D. The Mongols. 2nd ed. Malden, Mass: : Blackwell Publishing 2007.
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Jackson P. The Mongols and the west, 1221-1410. Harlow, England: : Pearson Longman 2005.
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Sinor D. The Mongols and Western Europe. In: Setton KM, ed. A history of the Crusades, vol. III. Madison: : University of Wisconsin Press 1975. 513–44.
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Sinor D. The Mongols in the West. Journal of Asian History 1999;33:1–44.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41933117
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Rachewiltz I de. Some remarks on the ideological foundations of Chingis Khan’s empire. Papers on Far Eastern History 1973;7:21–36.https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/rachewiltz/Rachewiltz_Some%20Remarks%20on%20the%20Ideological%20Foundations%201973.pdf
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Jackson P. The Mongols and Europe. In: Abulafia D, ed. The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 5: c.1198-c.1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1999. 703–19.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894
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Richard J. Les Mongols et l’Occident: deux siècles de contacts. Croisés, missionnaires et voyageurs: les perspectives orientales du monde latin m︠edi︠eval 1983;Collected studies.
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Voegelin E. The Mongol orders of submission to European powers, 1245–1255. Byzantion 1941;15:378–413.
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Bartlett R. The making of Europe: conquest, colonization and cultural change 950-1350. London: : Penguin Books 1994.
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Bentley JH. Cross-Cultural Interaction and Periodization in World History. The American Historical Review 1996;101:749–70.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2169422
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Edson E, Savage-Smith E. Medieval views of the Cosmos. Oxford: : Bodleian Library 2004.
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Abu-Lughod JL. Before European hegemony: the world system A.D. 1250-1350. New York: : Oxford University Press 1989.
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Biran M. The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field. History Compass 2013;11:1021–33. doi:10.1111/hic3.12095
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Marshall R. Storm from the East: from Genghis Khan to Khubilai Khan. London: : BBC 1993.
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Rossabi M. The Mongols and global history: a Norton documents reader. 1st ed. New York: : W.W. Norton 2011.
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Walter de Gruyter & Co. Handbook of medieval culture: fundamental aspects and conditions of the European Middle Ages, Volume 1. Berlin: : De Gruyter 2015. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.degruyter.com/view/product/179332
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Phillips JRS, Oxford University Press. The medieval expansion of Europe. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Clarendon 1998. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001
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Henry of Livonia. The chronicle of Henry of Livonia. New York: : Columbia University Press 2003.
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Rogerius. Gesta Hungarorum. English ed. Budapest: : Central European University Press 2010. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319
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Dörrie H, editor. Drei Texte zur Geschichte der Ungarn und und Mongolen: die Missionsreisen des Fr. Julianus O. P. ins Uralgebiet (1234/59 und nach Rußland (1237) und der Bericht des Erzbischofs Peter über die Tartaren. Göttingen: : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1956.
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Schneider F. Ein Schreiben der Ungarn an die Kurie aus der letzten Zeit des Tatareneinfalles. (2. Februar 1242). Mitteilungen des österreichischen Instituts für Geschichtsforschung (MIÖG) 1915;36:661–70.
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Phillips JRS. Europe and the Mongol invasions. In: The Medieval Expansion of Europe. Oxford University Press 1998. 55–77. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.003.0004
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Jackson P. The Crusades of 1239-1241 and their aftermath. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 1987;50. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00053180
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Selart A. Livonia, Rus’ and the Baltic Crusades in the thirteenth century. Boston: : Brill 2015.
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Font M. Ungarn, Polen und Galizien-Wolhynien im ersten Drittel des 13. Jh. Studia Slavica 1993;38:27–39.
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Kosztolnyik ZJ. Hungary in the thirteenth century. Boulder, [Colo.]: : East European Monographs 1996.
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Rogers GS. An examination of historians’ explanations for the Mongol withdrawal from East Central Europe. East European Quarterly 1996;30.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|A18180110&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=3a86e21e14993150faffe4d71799d2a5
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Várdy SB. Castle Building and Its Social Significance in Medieval Hungary. Canadian-American Review of Hungarian Studies, 1979;6:91–7.http://epa.oszk.hu/01900/01994/00011/pdf/CARHS_1979_2_091-097.pdf
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Szabó P. Pilis: Changing settlements in a Hungarian Forest in the Middle Ages. Annual of Medieval Studies at CEU 1997;:283–93.http://www.ams.ceu.edu/1997_8.pdf
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Berend N. At the gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims, and ‘pagans’ in medieval Hungary, c. 1000-c. 1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2001.
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Tōyō Bunko (Japan), Szczesсiak B. Hagiographical Documentation of the Mongol Invasions of Poland in the Thirteenth Century. Part I: The Preaching Friars. In: Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (The Oriental Library): 17. Tokyo: : The Toyo Bunko 1958. 167–95.
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Berend N, Wiszewski P, Urbańczyk P. Central Europe in the high Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland c. 900-c. 1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2013.
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Engel P. The realm of St. Stephen: a history of medieval Hungary, 895-1526. London: : I. B. Tauris 2001.
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Allsen TT. Prelude to the western campaigns: Mongol military operations in the Volga- Ural region, 1217- 1237. Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 1983;3:5–24.
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Strakosch-Gratzmann G. Der Einfall der Mongolen in Mitteleuropa in den Jahren 1241 und 1242: mit fünf Karten, einem Sachregister und Einem Quellenregister. Innsbruck: : Wagner 1893.
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Schmilewski U. Schlesien im 13. Jahrhundert vor und nach der Schlacht von Wahlstatt. Territoriale Entwicklung und Landesausbau. In: Schmilewski U, ed. Wahlstatt 1241. Beiträge zur Mongolenschlacht bei Liegnitz und zu ihren Nachwirkungen. Würzburg: 1991. 9–34.
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Bachfeld G. Die Mongolen in Polen, Schlesien, Böhmen und Mähren. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des groвen Mongolensturmes im Jahre 1241. Innsbruck, 1889. Innsbruck: 1889.
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Göckenjan H. Der Westfeldzug (1236-1242) aus mongolischer Sicht. In: Ungarn, Türken und Mongolen. Wiesbaden: : Harrassowitz in Kommission 2007. 179–218.
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Becker J. Zum Mongoleneinfall von 1241. Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte (und Alterthum) Schlesiens 1932;66.http://www.dmgh.de/de/fs1/object/goToPage/bsb00000841.html?pageNo=637
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Jackson P. The Crusade Against the Mongols (1241). The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1991;42. doi:10.1017/S0022046900002554
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Jackson P. The Seventh Crusade, 1244-1254: sources and documents. Farnham: : Ashgate 2009.
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Crawford P, editor. The ‘Templar of Tyre’: Part III of the ‘Deeds of the Cypriots’. Aldershot, Hampshire: : Ashgate 2003. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781351881333
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Bird JL, Peters E, Powell JM, editors. Crusade and Christendom: annotated documents in translation from Innocent III to the fall of Acre, 1187-1291. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 2013.
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Manz BF. The Rule of the Infidels: the Mongols and the Islamic World. In: Morgan DO, Reid A, eds. The New Cambridge History of Islam. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2000. 128–68. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521850315
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Jackson P. The Crisis in the Holy Land in 1260. The English Historical Review 1980;95:481–513.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/568054
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Aigle D. The Letters of Eljigidei, Hülegü, and Abaqa: Mongol Overtures or Christian Ventriloquism? Inner Asia 2005;7:143–62.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23615692
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L. Lockhart. The Relations between Edward I and Edward II of England and the Mongol Īl-Khāns of Persia. Iran 1968;6:23–31.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299598
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Lane G. Whose secret Intent? In: Rossabi M, ed. Eurasian Influences On Yuan China: Cross-Cultural Transmissions in the 13th and 14th Centuries. Singapore: : Univerity of Singapore Press 2012. 1–40.http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/14258/
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Amitai R. Edward of England and Abagha Ilkhan. A Reexamination of a failed attempt at Mongol- Frankish cooperation. In: Gervers M, Powell JM, eds. Tolerance and intolerance: social conflict in the age of the Crusades. Syracuse, N.Y.: : Syracuse University Press 2001. 75–82.
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Meyvaert P. An Unknown Letter of Hulagu, Il-Khan of Persia, to King Louis IX of France. Viator 1980;11:245–60. doi:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301508
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Jacques Paviot. England and the Mongols (c. 1260-1330). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2000;10:305–18.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188032
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Boyle JA. The Il-Khans of Persia and the Christian West. History Todayhttps://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1299019901?accountid=14540
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Morgan DO. The Mongols in Syria, 1260–1300. In: Edbury PW, ed. Crusade and settlement: papers read at the First Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East and presented to R.C. Smail. Cardiff: : University College Cardiff Press 1985. 231–5.
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Phillips JRS. The Lost Alliance: European Monarchs and Mongol ‘Crusaders’. In: The Medieval Expansion of Europe. Oxford University Press 1998. 115–32.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-7
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Irwin R. The Middle East in the Middle Ages: the early Mamluk sultanate, 1250-1382. Carbondale: : Southern Illinois University Press 1986. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00900
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Amitai-Preiss R. Mongols and Mamluks: the Mamluk-Īlkhānid war, 1260-1281. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1995.
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Brack Y. A Mongol Princess Making Hajj: the Biography of El Qutlugh Daughter of Abagha Ilkhan (r. 1265-82) | Yoni Brack - Academia.edu. Journal of Royal Asiatic Society 2011;21:331–59.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23011475
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Amitai R. The Impact of the Mongols on the History of Syria: Politics, Society and Culture. In: Amitai R, Biran M, eds. Nomads as agents of cultural change: the Mongols and their Eurasian predecessors. Honolulu: : University of Hawaii Press 2015. 271–82.https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3413788
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Amitai R. Im Westen nichts Neues? Re-examining Hülegü’s Offensive into the Jazīra and Northern Syria in Light of Recent Research. In: Krämer F, Schmidt K, Singer J, eds. Historicizing the "Beyond”. The Mongolian Invasion as a New Dimension of Violence? Heidelberg: 2011. 83–96.https://www.academia.edu/16131627/_Im_Westen_nichts_Neues_Re-examining_H%C3%BCleg%C3%BC_s_Offensive_into_the_Jaz%C4%ABra_and_Northern_Syria_in_Light_of_Recent_Research._In_F._Kr%C3%A4mer_K._Schmidt_and_J._Singer_eds._Historicizing_the_Beyond_._The_Mongolian_Invasion_as_a_New_Dimension_of_Violence_Heidelberg_2011._83-96
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Amitai R. Northern Syria between the Mongols and Mamluks: Political Boundary, Military frontier and Ethnic affinity. In: Standen N, Power D, eds. Frontiers in Question: Eurasian Borderlands c. 700-1700. London: : Macmillan Press 1999. 128–52.https://www.academia.edu/15744557/_Northern_Syria_between_the_Mongols_and_Mamluks_Political_Boundary_Military_frontier_and_Ethnic_affinity._In_Naomi_Standen_and_Daniel_Power_editors._Frontiers_in_Question_Eurasian_Borderlands_c._700-1700._London_Macmillan_Press_1999._128-52
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Halperin CJ. ‘Know Thy Enemy’: Medieval Russian Familiarity with the Mongols of the Golden Horde. Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 1982;30:161–75.https://www.academia.edu/10357151/Charles_J._Halperin_Russian_and_Mongols._Slavs_and_the_Steppe_in_Medieval_and_Early_Modern_Russia
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Omeljan Pritsak. Moscow, the Golden Horde, and the Kazan Khanate from a Polycultural Point of View. Slavic Review 1967;26:577–83.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2492610
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DeWeese DA. Islamization and native religion in the Golden Horde: Baba Tükles and conversion to Islam in historical and epic tradition. University Park, Pa: : Pennsylvania State University Press 1994.
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Vernadsky G. The Mongols and Russia. New Haven, Conn: : Yale University Press 1953.
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Sinor D. Les relations entre les mongols et l’Europe jusqu’à la mort d’Arghoun et de Bela IV. Cahiers d’Histoire Mondiale/Journal of World History/Cuadernos de Historia 1956;3:1:39–62.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.proquest.com./docview/1298902355/806C06A45DBC437EPQ/1?accountid=14540
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Ostrowski DG. Muscovy and the Mongols: cross-cultural influences on the steppe frontier, 1304-1589. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1998.
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Noonan TS. Medieval Russia, the Mongols, and the West: Novgorod’s Relations with the Baltic, 1100-1350. Mediaeval Studies 1975;37:316–39. doi:10.1484/J.MS.2.306186
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Charles J. Halperin. Ivan IV and Chinggis Khan. Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 2003;:481–97.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41051135
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Allsen TT. Mongol imperialism: the policies of the Grand Qan Möngke in China, Russia, and the Islamic lands, 1251-1259. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1987.
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Golden PB. The peoples of the south Russian steppes. The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia 1990;:270–84.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521243049
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Allsen TT. Ever Closer Encounters: the Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire. Journal of Early Modern History 1997;1:2–23. doi:10.1163/157006597X00208
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Fischel WJ. A New Latin Source on Tamerlane’s Conquest of Damascus (1400/1401): (B. de Mignanelli’s ‘Vita Tamerlani’ 1416). Oriens 1956;9:201–32.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1579274
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Bentley JH, American Council of Learned Societies. Old World encounters: cross-cultural contacts and exchanges in pre-modern times. New York: : Oxford University Press 1993. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.30958
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Franke H. Sino-Western Contacts Under the Mongol Empire. In: China under Mongol rule. Aldershot: : Variorum 1994. 49–72.http://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/ba238c350f88e040d5c64d8cb722f1d0.pdf
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Power A. Encounters in the Ruins: Latin Captives, Franciscan Friars and the Dangers of Religious Plurality in the early Mongol Empire. In: Methuen C, Spicer A, Wolffe J, eds. Christianity and religious plurality. Woodbridge: : Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press 2015.
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Devin DeWeese. The Influence of the Mongols on the Religious Consciousness of Thirteenth-Century Europe. Mongolian Studies 1979;5:41–78.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43193054?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
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Tang L. Mongol Responses to Christianity in China: A Yuan Dynasty Phenomenon. Asia Research Institute Working Paper Series 2006;63:3–24.http://www.ari.nus.edu.sg/wps/wps06_063.pdf
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Budge EAW, editor. The monks of Ḳûblâi Khân, emperor of China or, The history of the life and travels of Rabban Ṣâwmâ, envoy and plentipotentiary of the Mongol khâns to the kings of Europe, and Marḳôs who as Mâr Yahbh-Allâhâ III became patriarch of the Nestorian church in Asia. London: : Religious Tract Society 1928. https://pages.uoregon.edu/sshoemak/324/texts/monks_of_kubla_khan.htm
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Guzman GG. Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum 1971;46. doi:10.2307/2854853
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Mary Dienes. Eastern Missions of the Hungarian Dominicans in the First Half of the Thirteenth Century. Isis 1937;27:225–41.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/225412
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Mason R. The Mongol Mission and Kyivan Rus. Ukrainian Quarterly 1993;49:385–402.
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De Rachewiltz I. Papal envoys to the great Khans. London: : Faber and Faber Ltd 1971.
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Phillips JRS. European merchants and the East. In: The Medieval Expansion of Europe. Oxford University Press 1998. 96–114.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-6
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Di Cosmo N. Black Sea Emporia and the Mongol Empire: A Reassessment of the Pax Mongolica. Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient 2010;53:83–108.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=45694064&site=ehost-live
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Prazniak R. Siena on the Silk Roads: Ambrogio Lorenzetti and the Mongol Global Century, 1250–1350. Journal of World History 2010;21:177–217. doi:10.1353/jwh.0.0123
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Jean Richard. European Voyages in the Indian Ocean and Caspian Sea (12th-15th Centuries). Iran 1968;6:45–52.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299600
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Allsen TT. Commodity and exchange in the Mongol empire: a cultural history of Islamic textiles. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1997.
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Rachewiltz I de. Some remarks on the ideological foundations of Chingis Khan’s empire. Papers on Far Eastern History 1973;7:21–36.https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/rachewiltz/Rachewiltz_Some%20Remarks%20on%20the%20Ideological%20Foundations%201973.pdf
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Brewer K. Prester John: the legend and its sources. Farnham, Surrey, England: : Ashgate 2015. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=2039122
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Khanmohamadi A. Worldly Unease in Late Medieval European Travel Reports. In: Ganim JM, Legassie S, eds. Cosmopolitanism and the Middle Ages. New York: : Palgrave Macmillan 2013.
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Schmieder F. Nota sectam maometicam atterendam a tartaris et christianis: The Mongols as non-believing apocalyptic friends around the year 1260. Journal of Millennial Studies 1998;1.http://www.mille.org/publications/summer98/fschmieder.pdf
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Burnett C, Dalché PG. Attitudes Towards the Mongols in Medieval Literature: The XXII Kings of Gog and Magog from the Court of Frederick II to Jean de Mandeville. Viator 1991;22:153–68. doi:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301320
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Phillips JRS. Scholarship and the imagination. In: The Medieval Expansion of Europe. Oxford University Press 1998. 177–99.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-10
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Campbell MB. The witness and the other world: exotic European travel writing, 400-1600. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1991. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193
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Peleggi M. Shifting Alterity: The Mongol in the Visual and Literary Culture of the Late Middle Ages . The Medieval History Journal 2001;4:15–33. doi:10.1177/097194580100400102
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Guzman GG. Reports of Mongol Cannibalism in the Thirteenth-Century Latin Sources: Oriental Fact or Western Fiction? In: Westrem SD, ed. Discovering New Worlds: Essays on Medieval Exploration and Imagination. Garlad Press 1991. 31–68.
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Strickland DH. Saracens, demons & Jews: making monsters in Medieval art. Princeton, N.J.: : Princeton University Press 2003. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.aaeportal.com/?id=-19747
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Baumgärtner I. Weltbild und Empirie. Die Erweiterung des Kartographischen Weltbilds durch die Asienreisen des Späten Mittelalters. Journal of Medieval History 1997;23:227–53. doi:10.1016/S0304-4181(97)00006-7
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Halperin CJ. The Battle of Kulikovo Field (1380) in History and Historical Memory. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 2013;14:4:853–64. doi:10.1353/kri.2013.0061
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Reichert FE. Begegnungen mit China: die Entdeckung Ostasiens im Mittelalter. Sigmaringen: : Thorbecke 1992.
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Göckenjan H. Das Bild der Völker Osteuropas in den Reiseberichten ungarischer Dominikaner des 13. Jahrhunderts. In: Ungarn, Türken und Mongolen. Wiesbaden: : Harrassowitz 2007. 9–46.
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Rudolf Wittkower. Marvels of the East. A Study in the History of Monsters. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 1942;5:159–97.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/750452
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Ramey LT. Monstrous Alterity in Early Modern Travel Accounts: Lessons from the Ambiguous Medieval Discourse on Humanness. L’Esprit Créateur 2008;48:81–95. doi:10.1353/esp.2008.0008
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Rudolf Wittkower. Marvels of the East. A Study in the History of Monsters. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 1942;5:159–97.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/750452
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Flint VIJ. Monsters and the Antipodes in the early Middle Ages and Enlightenment. Viator 1984;15:65–80.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.brepolsonline.net./doi/pdf/10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301433
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Charles J. Halperin. Russia in The Mongol Empire in Comparative Perspective. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 1983;43:239–61.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719023
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Charles J. Halperin. George Vernadsky, Eurasianism, the Mongols, and Russia. Slavic Review 1982;41:477–93.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2497020
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Paul Hyer. The Re-Evaluation of Chinggis Khan: Its Role in the Sino-Soviet Dispute. Asian Survey 1966;6:696–705.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2642195
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Peter Jackson. Marco Polo and His ‘Travels’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1998;61:82–101.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3107293
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Gregory G. Guzman. The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum 1974;49:287–307.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045
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William of Rubruck. The mission of William of Rubruck: His journey to the court of the Great Khan Möngke 1253-1255. London: : Hakluyt Society 1990.
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Beazley CR, Ruysbroeck W van. The texts and versions of John de Plano Carpini and William de Rubruquis, as printed for the first time by Hakluyt in 1598, together with some shorter pieces. London: : Printed for the Hakluyt Society 1903.
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Beazley CR, Ruysbroeck W van. The texts and versions of John de Plano Carpini and William de Rubruquis, as printed for the first time by Hakluyt in 1598, together with some shorter pieces. London: : Printed for the Hakluyt Society 1903.
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Giovanni da P del C. The story of the Mongols whom we call the Tartars =: Historia Mongalorum quos nos Tartaros appellamus : Friar Giovanni di Plano Carpini’s account of his embassy to the court of the Mongol Khan. Boston: : Branden Pub. Co 1996.
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Sinor D. John of Plano Carpini’s Return from the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 1957;89:193–206. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00115837
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Gregory G. Guzman. The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum 1974;49:287–307.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045
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Bennett S. The report of friar John of Plano Carpini: analysis of an intelligence gathering mission conducted on behalf of the Papacy in the mid thirteenth century. History Studies: University of Limerick History Society Journal 2011;12:1–14.https://ulir.ul.ie/bitstream/handle/10344/3688/History%20Studies_12_2011_12.9MB.pdf?sequence=2
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Simon de Saint-Quentin. Histoire des Tartares. Paris: : P. Geuthner 1965.
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Guzman GG. Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum 1971;46.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2854853
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Thomas of Spalato. Historia Salonitanorum atque Spalatinorum pontificum. Budapest: : Central European University Press 2006.
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Moule AC. A Life of Odoric of Pordenone. T’oung Pao 1921;20:275–90.https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4526615
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Henry of Livonia. The chronicle of Henry of Livonia. New York: : Columbia University Press 2003.
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Mitchell R, Forbes N, editors. The Chronicle of Novgorod, 1016-1471. London: 1914. http://faculty.washington.edu/dwaugh/rus/texts/MF1914.pdf
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Roger of Apulia. Carmen Miserabile super Destructione Regni Hungariae per Tartaros,. In: Perlbach M, ed. MGH 29: Ex rerum Ungaricarum scriptoribus saec. XIII.http://www.dmgh.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00000885_00557.html?sortIndex=010%3A050%3A0029%3A010%3A00%3A00
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John of Maignolli. Recollections of Travel in the East. In: Yule H, ed. Cathay and the Way Tither. Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China. London: 1915. 311–94.https://archive.org/stream/cathayandwaythi00marigoog#page/n70/mode/2up
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Francis Balducci Pegolotti. Notices of the Land Route to Cathay and of Asiatic Trade in the First Half of the Fourteenth Century. In: Cathay and the Way Thither. Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China. London: 1915. 279–308.https://archive.org/stream/cathayandwaythi00marigoog#page/n68/mode/2up
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Dawson Christopher S. Mission to Asia. 0002 Revised. Toronto: : University of Toronto Publishing 1980.
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D. O. Morgan. Ibn Baṭṭūṭa and the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2001;11:1–11.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188080
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Rachewiltz I de. The secret history of the Mongols: a Mongolian epic chronicle of the thirteenth century. Leiden: : Brill 2006. https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=cedarbooks
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Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb. The successors of Genghis Khan. New York: : Columbia University Press 1971. https://archive.org/details/Boyle1971RashidAlDin
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Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb. Compendium of Chronicles. London: : I.B. Tauris 2012.
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D. O. Morgan. Ibn Baṭṭūṭa and the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2001;11:1–11.http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188080
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Juvayni A al-DAM, Boyle JA, Morgan D. Genghis Khan: the history of the world conqueror. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1997. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0010/001086/108630Eb.pdf
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Hayton of Gorigos. The Flowers of the Histories of the East. http://rbedrosian.com/hetum1.htm
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Gandzakets’i K. Kirakos Gandzakets’i’s History of the Armenians. New York: 1986. https://archive.org/details/KirakosGanjaketsisHistoryOfTheArmenians
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Osipian A. Armenian Involvement in the Latin-Mongol Crusade: Uses of the Magi and Prester John in Constable Smbat’s Letter and Hayton of Corycus’s "Flos historiarum terre orientis,” 1248-1307. Medieval Encounters 2014;20:66–100. doi:10.1163/15700674-12342157
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Thackston WM, Khvānd Mīr G al-D ibn H al-Dīn, Ḥaydar Mīrzā, et al. Classical writings of the medieval Islamic world: Persian histories of the Mongol dynasties. London: : I.B. Tauris 2012.
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Bar Hebraeus, Bodleian Library. The chronography of Gregory Abû’l Faraj, the son of Aaron, the Hebrew physician, commonly known as Bar Hebraeus: being the first part of his political history of the world. London: : Oxford University Press 1932.
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Sweeney JR. Thomas of Spalato and the Mongols: a thirteenth-century Dalmatian view of Mongol customs. Florilegium 1982;4.https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/flor/article/view/15352/20508
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Power A. Roger Bacon and the Defence of Christendom. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511843402
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Haenisch E, Olbricht P. Zum Untergang zweier Reiche: Berichte von Augenzeugen aus den Jahren 1232-33 und 1368-70. Wiesbaden: : Steiner [in Komm.] 1969.
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Fennell JLI, Obolensky D. A historical Russian reader: a selection of texts from the eleventh to the sixteenth centuries. Oxford: : Clarendon P 1969.
