@book{Acemoglu_Robinson_2005a, address={Cambridge}, title={Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511510809}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Acemoglu, Daron and Robinson, James A.}, year={2005} }
@book{Acemoglu_Robinson_2005b, address={Cambridge}, title={Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511510809}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Acemoglu, Daron and Robinson, James A.}, year={2005} }
@book{Acemoglu_Robinson_2012, address={London}, title={Why nations fail: the origins of power, prosperity and poverty}, publisher={Profile}, author={Acemoglu, Daron and Robinson, James A.}, year={2012} }
@article{Agnafors_2013, title={Quality of Government: Toward a More Complex Definition}, volume={107}, DOI={10.1017/S0003055413000191}, number={03}, journal={American Political Science Review}, author={Agnafors, Marcus}, year={2013}, month={Aug}, pages={433–445} }
@article{Ahlquist_Wibbels_2012, title={Riding the Wave: World Trade and Factor-Based Models of Democratization}, volume={56}, DOI={10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00572.x}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Ahlquist, John S. and Wibbels, Erik}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={447–464} }
@book{Arendt_1967, address={London}, edition={New rev. ed}, title={The origins of totalitarianism}, publisher={George Allen and Unwin Ltd}, author={Arendt, Hannah}, year={1967} }
@article{Arriola_2009, title={Patronage and Political Stability in Africa}, volume={42}, DOI={10.1177/0010414009332126}, number={10}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Arriola, L. R.}, year={2009}, month={Oct}, pages={1339–1362} }
@article{Beaulieu_Hyde_2008, title={In the Shadow of Democracy Promotion: Strategic Manipulation, International Observers, and Election Boycotts}, volume={42}, DOI={10.1177/0010414008325571}, number={3}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Beaulieu, E. and Hyde, S. D.}, year={2008}, month={Dec}, pages={392–415} }
@book{Berg-Schlosser_Mitchell_2002, address={Basingstoke}, title={Authoritarianism and democracy in Europe, 1919-39: comparative analyses}, volume={Advances in political science}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Berg-Schlosser, Dirk and Mitchell, Jeremy}, year={2002} }
@article{Besley_Reynal-Querol_2011, title={Do Democracies Select More Educated Leaders?}, volume={105}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41480857}, number={3}, journal={The American Political Science Review}, author={Besley, Timothy and Reynal-Querol, Marta}, year={2011}, pages={552–566} }
@book{Bogaards_Boucek_2010, address={London}, title={Dominant political parties and democracy: concepts’ measures, cases and comparisons}, volume={Routledge/ECPR studies in European political science}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Bogaards, Matthijs and Boucek, Françoise}, year={2010} }
@article{Boix_Stokes_2003, title={Endogenous Democratization}, volume={55}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054237}, number={04}, journal={World Politics}, author={Boix, Carles and Stokes, Susan C.}, year={2003}, month={Jul}, pages={517–549} }
@book{Brooker_1995, address={Basingstoke}, title={Twentieth-century dictatorships: the ideological one-party states}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={1995} }
@book{Brooker_2014a, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014b, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014c, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014d, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014e, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014f, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014g, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@book{Brooker_2014h, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Non-democratic regimes}, volume={Comparative government and politics}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Brooker, Paul}, year={2014} }
@article{Brownlee_2002, title={…And yet they persist: Explaining survival and transition in neopatrimonial regimes}, volume={37}, DOI={10.1007/BF02686230}, number={3}, journal={Studies in Comparative International Development}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2002}, month={Sep}, pages={35–63} }
@book{Brownlee_2007a, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@book{Brownlee_2007b, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@book{Brownlee_2007c, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@book{Brownlee_2007d, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@book{Brownlee_2007e, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@book{Brownlee_2007f, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@book{Brownlee_2007g, address={Cambridge}, title={Authoritarianism in an age of democratization}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Brownlee, Jason}, year={2007} }
@article{Bruce Bueno de Mesquita and Alastair Smith_2010, title={Leader Survival, Revolutions, and the Nature of Government Finance}, volume={54}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20788779}, number={4}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Bruce Bueno de Mesquita and Alastair Smith}, year={2010}, pages={936–950} }
@article{CARLES BOIX_2011, title={Democracy, Development, and the International System}, volume={105}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23275354}, number={4}, journal={The American Political Science Review}, author={CARLES BOIX}, year={2011}, pages={809–828} }
@book{Carothers_1999, address={Washington, D.C.}, title={Aiding democracy abroad: the learning curve}, publisher={Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}, author={Carothers, Thomas}, year={1999} }
@article{Carothers_2002, title={The End of the Transition Paradigm}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0003}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Carothers, Thomas}, year={2002}, pages={5–21} }
@book{Chehabi_Linz_1998, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Sultanistic regimes}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Chehabi, H. E. and Linz, Juan J.}, year={1998} }
@article{Christopher Clague, Philip Keefer, Stephen Knack and Mancur Olson_1996, title={Property and Contract Rights in Autocracies and Democracies}, volume={1}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40215917}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Economic Growth}, author={Christopher Clague, Philip Keefer, Stephen Knack and Mancur Olson}, year={1996}, pages={243–276} }
@book{Clapham_1982, address={London}, title={Private patronage and public power: political clientelism in the modern state}, publisher={Frances Pinter}, author={Clapham, Christopher S.}, year={1982} }
@article{Colaresi_Thompson_2003, title={The Economic Development-Democratization Relationship: Does the Outside World Matter?}, volume={36}, DOI={10.1177/0010414003251174}, number={4}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Colaresi, M. and Thompson, W. R.}, year={2003}, month={May}, pages={381–403} }
@book{Collier_1982, address={Berkeley}, title={Regimes in tropical Africa: changing forms of supremacy, 1945-1975}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Collier, Ruth Berins}, year={1982} }
@article{Dan Slater_2003, title={Iron Cage in an Iron Fist: Authoritarian Institutions and the Personalization of Power in Malaysia}, volume={36}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4150161}, number={1}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Dan Slater}, year={2003}, pages={81–101} }
@article{Dankwart A. Rustow_1970, title={Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model}, volume={2}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/421307}, number={3}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Dankwart A. Rustow}, year={1970}, pages={337–363} }
@book{Di Palma_1990, address={Berkeley}, title={To craft democracies: an essay on democratic transitions}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Di Palma, Giuseppe}, year={1990} }
@book{Diamond_1997, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Consolidating the third wave democracies: themes and perspectives}, volume={Journal of democracy book}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Diamond, Larry Jay}, year={1997} }
@article{Diamond_2002, title={Thinking About Hybrid Regimes}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0025}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Diamond, Larry Jay}, year={2002}, pages={21–35} }
@book{Diamond_Plattner_1996, address={Baltimore, Md}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The global resurgence of democracy}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Diamond, Larry Jay and Plattner, Marc F.}, year={1996} }
@book{Dogan_Kazancigil_1994, address={Oxford}, title={Comparing nations: concepts, strategies, substance}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Dogan, Mattei and Kazancigil, Ali}, year={1994} }
@article{Donno_2013, title={Elections and Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes}, volume={57}, DOI={10.1111/ajps.12013}, number={3}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Donno, Daniela}, year={2013}, month={Jul}, pages={703–716} }
@book{Doorenspleet_2005, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Democratic transitions: exploring the structural sources of the fourth wave}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Doorenspleet, Renske}, year={2005} }
@article{Egorov_Guriev_Sonin_2009, title={Why Resource-poor Dictators Allow Freer Media: A Theory and Evidence from Panel Data}, volume={103}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27798530}, number={4}, journal={The American Political Science Review}, author={Egorov, Georgy and Guriev, Sergei and Sonin, Konstantin}, year={2009}, pages={645–668} }
@article{Erdmann_Engel_2007, title={Neopatrimonialism Reconsidered: Critical Review and Elaboration of an Elusive Concept}, volume={45}, DOI={10.1080/14662040601135813}, number={1}, journal={Commonwealth & Comparative Politics}, author={Erdmann, Gero and Engel, Ulf}, year={2007}, month={Feb}, pages={95–119} }
@book{Ezrow_Frantz_Dawson Books_2011a, address={New York, NY}, title={Dictators and dictatorships: understanding authoritarian regimes and their leaders}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024}, publisher={Continuum}, author={Ezrow, Natasha M. and Frantz, Erica and Dawson Books}, year={2011} }
@book{Ezrow_Frantz_Dawson Books_2011b, address={New York, NY}, title={Dictators and dictatorships: understanding authoritarian regimes and their leaders}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024}, publisher={Continuum}, author={Ezrow, Natasha M. and Frantz, Erica and Dawson Books}, year={2011} }
@book{Ezrow_Frantz_Dawson Books_2011c, address={New York, NY}, title={Dictators and dictatorships: understanding authoritarian regimes and their leaders}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024}, publisher={Continuum}, author={Ezrow, Natasha M. and Frantz, Erica and Dawson Books}, year={2011} }
@book{Ezrow_Frantz_Dawson Books_2011d, address={New York, NY}, title={Dictators and dictatorships: understanding authoritarian regimes and their leaders}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024}, publisher={Continuum}, author={Ezrow, Natasha M. and Frantz, Erica and Dawson Books}, year={2011} }
@book{Finer_1988, address={Boulder, Colo}, edition={2nd enl. ed., rev.updated}, title={The man on horseback: the role of the military in politics}, publisher={Westview}, author={Finer, S. E.}, year={1988} }
@book{Friedrich_Brzezinski_1965, address={Cambridge, Mass}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Totalitarian dictatorship and autocracy}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Friedrich, Carl J. and Brzezinski, Zbigniew}, year={1965} }
@article{Gandhi_Przeworski_2007a, title={Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007305817}, number={11}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Gandhi, J. and Przeworski, A.}, year={2007}, month={Sep}, pages={1279–1301} }
@article{Gandhi_Przeworski_2007b, title={Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007305817}, number={11}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Gandhi, J. and Przeworski, A.}, year={2007}, month={Sep}, pages={1279–1301} }
@article{Gandhi_Przeworski_2007c, title={Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007305817}, number={11}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Gandhi, J. and Przeworski, A.}, year={2007}, month={Sep}, pages={1279–1301} }
@book{Gandhi_Dawson Books_2008a, address={New York, NY}, title={Political institutions under dictatorship}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780511435362}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Gandhi, Jennifer and Dawson Books}, year={2008} }
@book{Gandhi_Dawson Books_2008b, address={New York, NY}, title={Political institutions under dictatorship}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780511435362}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Gandhi, Jennifer and Dawson Books}, year={2008} }
@article{Gandhi_Przeworski_2006, title={Cooperation, Cooptation, and Rebellion under Dictatorships}, volume={18}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-0343.2006.00160.x}, number={1}, journal={Economics and Politics}, author={Gandhi, Jennifer and Przeworski, Adam}, year={2006}, month={Mar}, pages={1–26} }
@article{Geddes_1999, title={What Do We Know about Democratization after Twenty Years?}, volume={2}, DOI={10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.115}, number={1}, journal={Annual Review of Political Science}, author={Geddes, Barbara}, year={1999}, month={Jun}, pages={115–144} }
@article{Greene_2010, title={The Political Economy of Authoritarian Single-Party Dominance}, volume={43}, DOI={10.1177/0010414009332462}, number={7}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Greene, K. F.}, year={2010}, month={Jul}, pages={807–834} }
@article{Grzymala-Busse_2008, title={Beyond Clientelism: Incumbent State Capture and State Formation}, volume={41}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007313118}, number={4–5}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Grzymala-Busse, A.}, year={2008}, month={Apr}, pages={638–673} }
@article{Haber_Menaldo_2011, title={Do Natural Resources Fuel Authoritarianism? A Reappraisal of the Resource Curse}, volume={105}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41480824}, number={1}, journal={The American Political Science Review}, author={Haber, Stephen and Menaldo, Victor}, year={2011}, pages={1–26} }
@article{Hadenius_Teorell_2007, title={Pathways from Authoritarianism}, volume={18}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2007.0009}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Hadenius, Axel and Teorell, Jan.}, year={2007}, pages={143–157} }
@article{Haggard_Kaufman_2012, title={Inequality and Regime Change: Democratic Transitions and the Stability of Democratic Rule}, volume={106}, DOI={10.1017/S0003055412000287}, number={03}, journal={American Political Science Review}, author={Haggard, Stephan and Kaufman, Robert R.}, year={2012}, month={Aug}, pages={495–516} }
@book{Helmke_Levitsky_2006, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Informal institutions and democracy: lessons from Latin America}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Helmke, Gretchen and Levitsky, Steven}, year={2006} }
@book{Hermet_Rose_Rouquié_1978a, address={London}, title={Elections without choice}, volume={Publications (Committee on Political Sociology)}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Hermet, Guy and Rose, Richard and Rouquié, Alain}, year={1978} }
@book{Hermet_Rose_Rouquié_1978b, address={London}, title={Elections without choice}, volume={Publications (Committee on Political Sociology)}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Hermet, Guy and Rose, Richard and Rouquié, Alain}, year={1978} }
@book{Howard_Oxford University Press_2010, address={New York}, title={The digital origins of dictatorship and democracy: information technology and political Islam}, volume={Oxford studies in digital politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736416.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Howard, Philip N. and Oxford University Press}, year={2010} }
@book{Huntington_1957, address={Cambridge (Mass.)}, title={The soldier and the state: the theory and politics of civil-military relations}, publisher={Belknap P.}, author={Huntington, Samuel P.}, year={1957} }
@book{Huntington_1991, address={Norman}, title={The third wave: democratization in the late twentieth century}, volume={The Julian J. Rothbaum distinguished lecture series}, publisher={University of Oklahoma Press}, author={Huntington, Samuel P.}, year={1991} }
@book{Huntington_Moore_1970, address={New York}, title={Authoritarian politics in modern society: the dynamics of established one-party systems}, publisher={Basic Books}, author={Huntington, Samuel P. and Moore, Clement Henry}, year={1970} }
@book{Hyde_2011, address={Ithaca, N.Y.}, title={The pseudo-democrat’s dilemma: why election observation became an international norm}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Hyde, Susan D.}, year={2011} }
@article{Jason Brownlee_2007, title={Hereditary Succession in Modern Autocracies}, volume={59}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40060174}, number={4}, journal={World Politics}, author={Jason Brownlee}, year={2007}, pages={595–628} }
@article{Jensen_Malesky_Weymouth_2014, title={Unbundling the Relationship between Authoritarian Legislatures and Political Risk}, volume={44}, DOI={10.1017/S0007123412000774}, number={03}, journal={British Journal of Political Science}, author={Jensen, Nathan M. and Malesky, Edmund and Weymouth, Stephen}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={655–684} }
@article{Jonathan Fox_1994, title={The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship: Lessons from Mexico}, volume={46}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA15151454&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=952bef9f3c72e9915adf65d1d1d39563}, number={2}, journal={World Politics}, author={Jonathan Fox}, year={1994}, pages={151–184} }
@article{Joseph Wright_2009, title={How Foreign Aid Can Foster Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes}, volume={53}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25548137}, number={3}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Joseph Wright}, year={2009}, pages={552–571} }
@article{Karl, Terry Lynn, title={The Perils of the Petro-State: Reflections on the Paradox of Plenty.}, volume={53}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=2482768&site=ehost-live}, number={1}, journal={Journal of International Affairs. Fall}, author={Karl, Terry Lynn} }
@article{Kenny_2015, title={The Origins of Patronage Politics: State Building, Centrifugalism, and Decolonization}, volume={45}, DOI={10.1017/S000712341300015X}, number={01}, journal={British Journal of Political Science}, author={Kenny, Paul D.}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={141–171} }
@article{KimWonik_2010, title={Coopting Workers under Dictatorship}, volume={72}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/full/10.1017/S0022381610000071}, number={3}, journal={The Journal of Politics}, publisher={The University of Chicago Press}, author={KimWonik}, year={2010}, pages={646–658} }
@book{Kitschelt_Wilkinson_2007, address={Cambridge}, title={Patrons, clients, and policies: patterns of democratic accountability and political competition}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Kitschelt, Herbert and Wilkinson, Steven}, year={2007} }
@article{Koehler_2008, title={Authoritarian Elections in Egypt: Formal Institutions and Informal Mechanisms of Rule}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1080/13510340802362612}, number={5}, journal={Democratization}, author={Koehler, Kevin}, year={2008}, month={Dec}, pages={974–990} }
@article{Levitsky_Way_2002a, title={The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0026}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2002}, pages={51–65} }
@article{Levitsky_Way_2002b, title={The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0026}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2002}, pages={51–65} }
@article{Levitsky_Way_2002c, title={The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0026}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2002}, pages={51–65} }
@article{Levitsky_Way_2002d, title={The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0026}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2002}, pages={51–65} }
@article{Levitsky_Way_2002e, title={The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0026}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2002}, pages={51–65} }
@book{Levitsky_Way_2010a, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Competitive authoritarianism: hybrid regimes after the Cold War}, volume={Problems of international politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2010} }
@book{Levitsky_Way_2010b, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Competitive authoritarianism: hybrid regimes after the Cold War}, volume={Problems of international politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2010} }
@book{Levitsky_Way_2010c, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Competitive authoritarianism: hybrid regimes after the Cold War}, volume={Problems of international politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2010} }
@book{Levitsky_Way_2010d, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Competitive authoritarianism: hybrid regimes after the Cold War}, volume={Problems of international politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2010} }
@book{Levitsky_Way_2010e, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Competitive authoritarianism: hybrid regimes after the Cold War}, volume={Problems of international politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan}, year={2010} }
@book{Linz_2000a, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Linz, Juan J.}, year={2000} }
@book{Linz_2000b, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Linz, Juan J.}, year={2000} }
@book{Linz_2000c, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Linz, Juan J.}, year={2000} }
@book{Linz_2000d, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Linz, Juan J.}, year={2000} }
@book{Linz_2000e, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Linz, Juan J.}, year={2000} }
@book{Linz_2000f, address={Boulder, CO}, title={Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Linz, Juan J.}, year={2000} }
@book{Linz_Stepan_1996a, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Problems of democratic transition and consolidation: southern Europe, South America, and post-communist Europe}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Linz, Juan J. and Stepan, Alfred C.}, year={1996} }
@book{Linz_Stepan_1996b, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Problems of democratic transition and consolidation: southern Europe, South America, and post-communist Europe}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Linz, Juan J. and Stepan, Alfred C.}, year={1996} }
@book{Lowenthal_1991, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Exporting democracy: the United States and Latin America : themes and issues}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Lowenthal, Abraham F.}, year={1991} }
@article{Lust-Okar_2006, title={Elections under authoritarianism: Preliminary lessons from Jordan}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1080/13510340600579359}, number={3}, journal={Democratization}, author={Lust-Okar, Ellen}, year={2006}, month={Jun}, pages={456–471} }
@article{Magaloni_2008a, title={Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={41}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007313124}, number={4–5}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Magaloni, B.}, year={2008}, month={Apr}, pages={715–741} }
@article{Magaloni_2008b, title={Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={41}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007313124}, number={4–5}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Magaloni, B.}, year={2008}, month={Apr}, pages={715–741} }
@article{Malesky_Schuler_Tran_2012, title={The Adverse Effects of Sunshine: A Field Experiment on Legislative Transparency in an Authoritarian Assembly}, volume={106}, DOI={10.1017/S0003055412000408}, number={04}, journal={American Political Science Review}, author={Malesky, Edmund and Schuler, Paul and Tran, Anh}, year={2012}, month={Nov}, pages={762–786} }
@book{Malloy_1977, address={[Pittsburgh]}, title={Authoritarianism and corporatism in Latin America}, volume={Pitt Latin American series}, publisher={University of Pittsburgh Press}, author={Malloy, James M.}, year={1977} }
@article{Marc Morjé Howard and Philip G. Roessler_2006, title={Liberalizing Electoral Outcomes in Competitive Authoritarian Regimes}, volume={50}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3694278}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Marc Morjé Howard and Philip G. Roessler}, year={2006}, pages={365–381} }
@article{Milan Svolik_2008a, title={Authoritarian Reversals and Democratic Consolidation}, volume={102}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27644508}, number={2}, journal={The American Political Science Review}, author={Milan Svolik}, year={2008}, pages={153–168} }
@article{Milan Svolik_2008b, title={Authoritarian Reversals and Democratic Consolidation}, volume={102}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27644508}, number={2}, journal={The American Political Science Review}, author={Milan Svolik}, year={2008}, pages={153–168} }
@article{Miller_2012, title={Economic Development, Violent Leader Removal, and Democratization}, volume={56}, DOI={10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00595.x}, number={4}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Miller, Michael K.}, year={2012}, month={Oct}, pages={1002–1020} }
@book{Moore_1966a, address={Boston, Mass}, title={Social origins of dictatorship and democracy: lord and peasant in the making of the modern world}, publisher={Beacon Press}, author={Moore, Barrington}, year={1966} }
@book{Moore_1966b, address={Boston, Mass}, title={Social origins of dictatorship and democracy: lord and peasant in the making of the modern world}, publisher={Beacon Press}, author={Moore, Barrington}, year={1966} }
@book{Moore_1966c, address={Boston, Mass}, title={Social origins of dictatorship and democracy: lord and peasant in the making of the modern world}, publisher={Beacon Press}, author={Moore, Barrington}, year={1966} }
@article{Nathan_2003, title={Authoritarian Resilience}, volume={14}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2003.0019}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Nathan, Andrew J. (Andrew James)}, year={2003}, pages={6–17} }
@book{Nordlinger_1977, address={Englewood Cliffs, N.J.}, title={Soldiers in politics: military coups and governments}, volume={Prentice-Hall contemporary comparative politics series}, publisher={Prentice-Hall}, author={Nordlinger, Eric A.}, year={1977} }
@book{O’Donnell_1973, address={Berkeley}, title={Modernization and bureaucratic-authoritarianism: studies in South American politics}, volume={Politics of modernization series}, publisher={Institute of International Studies, University of California}, author={O’Donnell, Guillermo A.}, year={1973} }
@book{O’Donnell_Schmitter_Whitehead_1986, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={Transitions from authoritarian rule}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={O’Donnell, Guillermo A. and Schmitter, Philippe C. and Whitehead, Laurence}, year={1986} }
@book{Ottaway_2003a, address={Washington, D.C.}, title={Democracy challenged: the rise of semi-authoritarianism}, volume={Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}, publisher={Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}, author={Ottaway, Marina}, year={2003} }
@book{Ottaway_2003b, address={Washington, D.C.}, title={Democracy challenged: the rise of semi-authoritarianism}, volume={Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}, publisher={Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}, author={Ottaway, Marina}, year={2003} }
@book{Pempel_Joint Committee on Japanese Studies_Joint Committee on Western Europe_Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai_1990, address={Ithaca, N.Y.}, title={Uncommon democracies: the one-party dominant regimes}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Pempel, T. J. and Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Joint Committee on Western Europe and Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai}, year={1990} }
@article{Pepinsky_2014, title={The Institutional Turn in Comparative Authoritarianism}, volume={44}, DOI={10.1017/S0007123413000021}, number={03}, journal={British Journal of Political Science}, author={Pepinsky, Thomas}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={631–653} }
@book{Perlmutter_Harvard University_1977, address={New Haven}, title={The military and politics in modern times: on professionals, praetorians, and revolutionary soldiers}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Perlmutter, Amos and Harvard University}, year={1977} }
@book{Piattoni_2001, address={Cambridge}, title={Clientelism, interests, and democratic representation: the European experience in historical and comparative perspective}, volume={Cambridge studies in comparative politics}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Piattoni, Simona}, year={2001} }
@article{Pietsch_2015, title={Authoritarian Durability: Public Opinion towards Democracy in Southeast Asia}, volume={25}, DOI={10.1080/17457289.2014.933836}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties}, author={Pietsch, Juliet}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={31–46} }
@book{Plattner_Espada_2000, address={Baltimore, Md}, title={The democratic invention}, volume={A Journal of democracy book}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Plattner, Marc F. and Espada, João Carlos}, year={2000} }
@book{Posusney_Angrist_2005, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Authoritarianism in the Middle East: regimes and resistance}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Posusney, Marsha Pripstein and Angrist, Michele Penner}, year={2005} }
@book{Pratt_2007, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Democracy and authoritarianism in the Arab world}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Pratt, Nicola Christine}, year={2007} }
@book{Pridham_Herring_Sanford_1994, address={London}, title={Building democracy?: the international dimension of democratisation in Eastern Europe}, publisher={Leicester University Press}, author={Pridham, Geoffrey and Herring, Eric and Sanford, George}, year={1994} }
@book{Przeworski_2000, address={Cambridge}, title={Democracy and development: political institutions and well-being in the world, 1950-1990}, volume={Cambridge studies in the theory of democracy}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Przeworski, Adam}, year={2000} }
@article{Reuter_Szakonyi_2015, title={Online Social Media and Political Awareness in Authoritarian Regimes}, volume={45}, DOI={10.1017/S0007123413000203}, number={01}, journal={British Journal of Political Science}, author={Reuter, Ora John and Szakonyi, David}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={29–51} }
@article{Review by: Nathan Gilbert Quimpo_2005, title={Review: Oligarchic Patrimonialism, Bossism, Electoral Clientelism, and Contested Democracy in the Philippines}, volume={37}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20072884}, number={2}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Review by: Nathan Gilbert Quimpo}, year={2005}, pages={229–250} }
@article{Robert H. Jackson and Carl G. Rosberg_1984, title={Personal Rule: Theory and Practice in Africa}, volume={16}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/421948}, number={4}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Robert H. Jackson and Carl G. Rosberg}, year={1984}, pages={421–442} }
@article{Ross_2001, title={Does Oil Hinder Democracy?}, volume={53}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v053/53.3ross.html}, number={03}, journal={World Politics}, author={Ross, Michael L.}, year={2001}, month={Apr}, pages={325–361} }
@book{Rueschemeyer_Huber_Stephens_1992a, address={Cambridge}, title={Capitalist development and democracy}, publisher={Polity}, author={Rueschemeyer, Dietrich and Huber, Evelyne and Stephens, John D.}, year={1992} }
@book{Rueschemeyer_Huber_Stephens_1992b, address={Cambridge}, title={Capitalist development and democracy}, publisher={Polity}, author={Rueschemeyer, Dietrich and Huber, Evelyne and Stephens, John D.}, year={1992} }
@article{Schedler_2002, title={The Menu of Manipulation}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1353/jod.2002.0031}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Democracy}, author={Schedler, Andreas}, year={2002}, pages={36–50} }
@book{Schedler_2006a, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Electoral authoritarianism: the dynamics of unfree competition}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc}, author={Schedler, Andreas}, year={2006} }
@book{Schedler_2006b, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Electoral authoritarianism: the dynamics of unfree competition}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc}, author={Schedler, Andreas}, year={2006} }
@book{Schedler_2006c, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Electoral authoritarianism: the dynamics of unfree competition}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc}, author={Schedler, Andreas}, year={2006} }
@book{Schedler_2006d, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Electoral authoritarianism: the dynamics of unfree competition}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc}, author={Schedler, Andreas}, year={2006} }
@book{Schedler_Oxford University Press_2013, address={Oxford}, title={The politics of uncertainty: sustaining and subverting electoral authoritarianism}, volume={Oxford studies in democratization}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680320.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Schedler, Andreas and Oxford University Press}, year={2013} }
@article{Smith_2005a, title={Life of the Party: The Origins of Regime Breakdown and Persistence under Single-Party Rule}, volume={57}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v057/57.3smith.html}, number={03}, journal={World Politics}, author={Smith, Benjamin}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={421–451} }
@article{Smith_2005b, title={Life of the Party: The Origins of Regime Breakdown and Persistence under Single-Party Rule}, volume={57}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v057/57.3smith.html}, number={03}, journal={World Politics}, author={Smith, Benjamin}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={421–451} }
@article{Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way_2006, title={Linkage versus Leverage. Rethinking the International Dimension of Regime Change}, volume={38}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20434008}, number={4}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way}, year={2006}, pages={379–400} }
@article{Stokes_2005, title={Perverse Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina}, volume={99}, DOI={10.1017/S0003055405051683}, number={03}, journal={American Political Science Review}, author={Stokes, Susan C.}, year={2005}, month={Aug} }
@article{Susan D. Hyde_2011, title={Catch Us If You Can: Election Monitoring and International Norm Diffusion}, volume={55}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23025056}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Political Science}, author={Susan D. Hyde}, year={2011}, pages={356–369} }
@book{Svolik_2012a, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@book{Svolik_2012b, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@book{Svolik_2012c, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@book{Svolik_2012d, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@book{Svolik_2012e, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@book{Svolik_2012f, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@book{Svolik_2012g, address={Cambridge}, title={The Politics of Authoritarian Rule}, volume={Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Svolik, Milan W.}, year={2012} }
@article{Thompson, William R, title={Corporate Coup-Maker Grievances and Types of Regime Targets}, volume={12}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1295977058?accountid=14540}, number={4}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, publisher={Sage Publications}, author={Thompson, William R} }
@book{Vanderhill_2013, address={Boulder, Colo}, title={Promoting authoritarianism abroad}, publisher={Lynne Rienner Publishers}, author={Vanderhill, Rachel}, year={2013} }
@book{Von Hippel_2000, address={Cambridge}, title={Democracy by force: US military intervention in the post-Cold War world}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Von Hippel, Karin}, year={2000} }
@book{White_Pravda_Gitelman_1994, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Developments in Russian and post-Soviet politics}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={White, Stephen and Pravda, Alex and Gitelman, Zvi Y.}, year={1994} }
@book{Whitehead_Oxford University Press_2001, address={Oxford}, edition={Expanded ed}, title={The international dimensions of democratization: Europe and the Americas}, volume={Oxford studies in democratization}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0199243751.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Whitehead, Laurence and Oxford University Press}, year={2001} }
@article{Wright_2008, title={To Invest or Insure?: How Authoritarian Time Horizons Impact Foreign Aid Effectiveness}, volume={41}, DOI={10.1177/0010414007308538}, number={7}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, author={Wright, J.}, year={2008}, month={Feb}, pages={971–1000} }
@article{Yuichi KonoDaniel_2009, title={Does Foreign Aid Support Autocrats, Democrats, or Both?}, volume={71}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1017/S0022381609090550}, number={2}, journal={The Journal of Politics}, publisher={The University of Chicago Press}, author={Yuichi KonoDaniel}, year={2009}, pages={704–718} }
@article{Democracy, Autocracy, and Expropriation of Foreign Direct Investment_2009, volume={42}, DOI={10.1177/0010414009331723}, number={8}, journal={Comparative Political Studies}, year={2009}, month={Aug}, pages={1098–1127} }
@misc{Key OECD anti-corruption documents - OECD, url={http://www.oecd.org/corruption/keyoecdanti-corruptiondocuments.htm} }
@misc{Freedom House, url={https://freedomhouse.org/} }
@misc{Polity IV Project: Country Reports 2010, url={http://www.systemicpeace.org/polity/polity4.htm} }
@misc{Worldwide Governance Indicators | Data, url={http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/worldwide-governance-indicators} }
@misc{Cross-National Time-Series Data Archive, url={http://www.databanksinternational.com/53.html} }
@misc{Pippa Norris Shared Datasets, url={http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/pnorris/Data/Data.htm} }
@misc{Transparency International - The Global Anti-Corruption Coalition, url={http://www.transparency.org/} }
@misc{Autocratic Regimes & Authoritarian Regimes, url={http://dictators.la.psu.edu/} }
@misc{Freedom in the World 2009 | Freedom House, url={https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/freedom-world-2009?page=363&year=2009#.VX_txka0dAM} }
