Acemoglu, Daron, and James A. Robinson. 2005a. Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Electronic resource. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511510809.
———. 2005b. Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Electronic resource. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511510809.
———. 2012. Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty. London: Profile.
Agnafors, Marcus. 2013. ‘Quality of Government: Toward a More Complex Definition’. American Political Science Review 107 (03): 433–45. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055413000191.
Ahlquist, John S., and Erik Wibbels. 2012. ‘Riding the Wave: World Trade and Factor-Based Models of Democratization’. American Journal of Political Science 56 (2): 447–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00572.x.
Arendt, Hannah. 1967. The Origins of Totalitarianism. New rev. ed. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
Arriola, L. R. 2009. ‘Patronage and Political Stability in Africa’. Comparative Political Studies 42 (10): 1339–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414009332126.
‘Autocratic Regimes & Authoritarian Regimes’. n.d. http://dictators.la.psu.edu/.
Beaulieu, E., and S. D. Hyde. 2008. ‘In the Shadow of Democracy Promotion: Strategic Manipulation, International Observers, and Election Boycotts’. Comparative Political Studies 42 (3): 392–415. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414008325571.
Berg-Schlosser, Dirk, and Jeremy Mitchell. 2002. Authoritarianism and Democracy in Europe, 1919-39: Comparative Analyses. Vol. Advances in political science. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Besley, Timothy, and Marta Reynal-Querol. 2011. ‘Do Democracies Select More Educated Leaders?’ The American Political Science Review 105 (3): 552–66. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41480857.
Bogaards, Matthijs, and Françoise Boucek. 2010. Dominant Political Parties and Democracy: Concepts’ Measures, Cases and Comparisons. Vol. Routledge/ECPR studies in European political science. London: Routledge.
Boix, Carles, and Susan C. Stokes. 2003. ‘Endogenous Democratization’. World Politics 55 (04): 517–49. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054237.
Brooker, Paul. 1995. Twentieth-Century Dictatorships: The Ideological One-Party States. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
———. 2014a. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014b. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014c. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014d. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014e. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014f. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014g. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2014h. Non-Democratic Regimes. 3rd ed. Vol. Comparative government and politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Brownlee, Jason. 2002. ‘…And yet They Persist: Explaining Survival and Transition in Neopatrimonial Regimes’. Studies in Comparative International Development 37 (3): 35–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02686230.
———. 2007a. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007b. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007c. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007d. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007e. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007f. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2007g. Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bruce Bueno de Mesquita and Alastair Smith. 2010. ‘Leader Survival, Revolutions, and the Nature of Government Finance’. American Journal of Political Science 54 (4): 936–50. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20788779.
CARLES BOIX. 2011. ‘Democracy, Development, and the International System’. The American Political Science Review 105 (4): 809–28. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23275354.
Carothers, Thomas. 1999. Aiding Democracy Abroad: The Learning Curve. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
———. 2002. ‘The End of the Transition Paradigm’. Journal of Democracy 13 (1): 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0003.
Chehabi, H. E., and Juan J. Linz. 1998. Sultanistic Regimes. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Christopher Clague, Philip Keefer, Stephen Knack and Mancur Olson. 1996. ‘Property and Contract Rights in Autocracies and Democracies’. Journal of Economic Growth 1 (2): 243–76. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40215917.
Clapham, Christopher S. 1982. Private Patronage and Public Power: Political Clientelism in the Modern State. London: Frances Pinter.
Colaresi, M., and W. R. Thompson. 2003. ‘The Economic Development-Democratization Relationship: Does the Outside World Matter?’ Comparative Political Studies 36 (4): 381–403. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414003251174.
Collier, Ruth Berins. 1982. Regimes in Tropical Africa: Changing Forms of Supremacy, 1945-1975. Berkeley: University of California Press.
‘Cross-National Time-Series Data Archive’. n.d. http://www.databanksinternational.com/53.html.
Dan Slater. 2003. ‘Iron Cage in an Iron Fist: Authoritarian Institutions and the Personalization of Power in Malaysia’. Comparative Politics 36 (1): 81–101. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4150161.
Dankwart A. Rustow. 1970. ‘Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model’. Comparative Politics 2 (3): 337–63. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/421307.
‘Democracy, Autocracy, and Expropriation of Foreign Direct Investment’. 2009. Comparative Political Studies 42 (8): 1098–1127. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414009331723.
Di Palma, Giuseppe. 1990. To Craft Democracies: An Essay on Democratic Transitions. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Diamond, Larry Jay. 1997. Consolidating the Third Wave Democracies: Themes and Perspectives. Vol. Journal of democracy book. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
———. 2002. ‘Thinking About Hybrid Regimes’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0025.
Diamond, Larry Jay, and Marc F. Plattner. 1996. The Global Resurgence of Democracy. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Dogan, Mattei, and Ali Kazancigil. 1994. Comparing Nations: Concepts, Strategies, Substance. Oxford: Blackwell.
Donno, Daniela. 2013. ‘Elections and Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes’. American Journal of Political Science 57 (3): 703–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12013.
Doorenspleet, Renske. 2005. Democratic Transitions: Exploring the Structural Sources of the Fourth Wave. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Egorov, Georgy, Sergei Guriev, and Konstantin Sonin. 2009. ‘Why Resource-Poor Dictators Allow Freer Media: A Theory and Evidence from Panel Data’. The American Political Science Review 103 (4): 645–68. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27798530.
Erdmann, Gero, and Ulf Engel. 2007. ‘Neopatrimonialism Reconsidered: Critical Review and Elaboration of an Elusive Concept’. Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 45 (1): 95–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/14662040601135813.
Ezrow, Natasha M., Erica Frantz, and Dawson Books. 2011a. Dictators and Dictatorships: Understanding Authoritarian Regimes and Their Leaders. Electronic resource. New York, NY: Continuum. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024.
———. 2011b. Dictators and Dictatorships: Understanding Authoritarian Regimes and Their Leaders. Electronic resource. New York, NY: Continuum. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024.
———. 2011c. Dictators and Dictatorships: Understanding Authoritarian Regimes and Their Leaders. Electronic resource. New York, NY: Continuum. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024.
———. 2011d. Dictators and Dictatorships: Understanding Authoritarian Regimes and Their Leaders. Electronic resource. New York, NY: Continuum. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781441116024.
Finer, S. E. 1988. The Man on Horseback: The Role of the Military in Politics. 2nd enl. ed., rev.Updated. Boulder, Colo: Westview.
‘Freedom House’. n.d. https://freedomhouse.org/.
‘Freedom in the World 2009 | Freedom House’. n.d. https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/freedom-world-2009?page=363&year=2009#.VX_txka0dAM.
Friedrich, Carl J., and Zbigniew Brzezinski. 1965. Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy. 2nd ed. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Gandhi, J., and A. Przeworski. 2007a. ‘Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats’. Comparative Political Studies 40 (11): 1279–1301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007305817.
———. 2007b. ‘Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats’. Comparative Political Studies 40 (11): 1279–1301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007305817.
———. 2007c. ‘Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats’. Comparative Political Studies 40 (11): 1279–1301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007305817.
Gandhi, Jennifer and Dawson Books. 2008a. Political Institutions under Dictatorship. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780511435362.
———. 2008b. Political Institutions under Dictatorship. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780511435362.
Gandhi, Jennifer, and Adam Przeworski. 2006. ‘Cooperation, Cooptation, and Rebellion under Dictatorships’. Economics and Politics 18 (1): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2006.00160.x.
Geddes, Barbara. 1999. ‘What Do We Know about Democratization after Twenty Years?’ Annual Review of Political Science 2 (1): 115–44. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.115.
Greene, K. F. 2010. ‘The Political Economy of Authoritarian Single-Party Dominance’. Comparative Political Studies 43 (7): 807–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414009332462.
Grzymala-Busse, A. 2008. ‘Beyond Clientelism: Incumbent State Capture and State Formation’. Comparative Political Studies 41 (4–5): 638–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007313118.
Haber, Stephen, and Victor Menaldo. 2011. ‘Do Natural Resources Fuel Authoritarianism? A Reappraisal of the Resource Curse’. The American Political Science Review 105 (1): 1–26. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41480824.
Hadenius, Axel, and Jan. Teorell. 2007. ‘Pathways from Authoritarianism’. Journal of Democracy 18 (1): 143–57. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2007.0009.
Haggard, Stephan, and Robert R. Kaufman. 2012. ‘Inequality and Regime Change: Democratic Transitions and the Stability of Democratic Rule’. American Political Science Review 106 (03): 495–516. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055412000287.
Helmke, Gretchen, and Steven Levitsky. 2006. Informal Institutions and Democracy: Lessons from Latin America. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hermet, Guy, Richard Rose, and Alain Rouquié. 1978a. Elections without Choice. Vol. Publications (Committee on Political Sociology). London: Macmillan.
———. 1978b. Elections without Choice. Vol. Publications (Committee on Political Sociology). London: Macmillan.
Howard, Philip N. and Oxford University Press. 2010. The Digital Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Information Technology and Political Islam. Electronic resource. Vol. Oxford studies in digital politics. New York: Oxford University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736416.001.0001.
Huntington, Samuel P. 1957. The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations. Cambridge (Mass.): Belknap P.
———. 1991. The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century. Vol. The Julian J. Rothbaum distinguished lecture series. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Huntington, Samuel P., and Clement Henry Moore. 1970. Authoritarian Politics in Modern Society: The Dynamics of Established One-Party Systems. New York: Basic Books.
Hyde, Susan D. 2011. The Pseudo-Democrat’s Dilemma: Why Election Observation Became an International Norm. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Jason Brownlee. 2007. ‘Hereditary Succession in Modern Autocracies’. World Politics 59 (4): 595–628. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40060174.
Jensen, Nathan M., Edmund Malesky, and Stephen Weymouth. 2014. ‘Unbundling the Relationship between Authoritarian Legislatures and Political Risk’. British Journal of Political Science 44 (03): 655–84. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123412000774.
Jonathan Fox. 1994. ‘The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship: Lessons from Mexico’. World Politics 46 (2): 151–84. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA15151454&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=952bef9f3c72e9915adf65d1d1d39563.
Joseph Wright. 2009. ‘How Foreign Aid Can Foster Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes’. American Journal of Political Science 53 (3): 552–71. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25548137.
Karl, Terry Lynn. n.d. ‘The Perils of the Petro-State: Reflections on the Paradox of Plenty.’ Journal of International Affairs. Fall 53 (1). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=2482768&site=ehost-live.
Kenny, Paul D. 2015. ‘The Origins of Patronage Politics: State Building, Centrifugalism, and Decolonization’. British Journal of Political Science 45 (01): 141–71. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000712341300015X.
‘Key OECD Anti-Corruption Documents - OECD’. n.d. http://www.oecd.org/corruption/keyoecdanti-corruptiondocuments.htm.
KimWonik. 2010. ‘Coopting Workers under Dictatorship’. The Journal of Politics 72 (3): 646–58. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/full/10.1017/S0022381610000071.
Kitschelt, Herbert, and Steven Wilkinson. 2007. Patrons, Clients, and Policies: Patterns of Democratic Accountability and Political Competition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Koehler, Kevin. 2008. ‘Authoritarian Elections in Egypt: Formal Institutions and Informal Mechanisms of Rule’. Democratization 15 (5): 974–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340802362612.
Levitsky, Steven, and Lucan Way. 2002a. ‘The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0026.
———. 2002b. ‘The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0026.
———. 2002c. ‘The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0026.
———. 2002d. ‘The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0026.
———. 2002e. ‘The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0026.
———. 2010a. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Vol. Problems of international politics. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2010b. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Vol. Problems of international politics. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2010c. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Vol. Problems of international politics. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2010d. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Vol. Problems of international politics. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2010e. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Vol. Problems of international politics. New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
Linz, Juan J. 2000a. Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
———. 2000b. Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
———. 2000c. Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
———. 2000d. Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
———. 2000e. Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
———. 2000f. Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Linz, Juan J., and Alfred C. Stepan. 1996a. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
———. 1996b. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Lowenthal, Abraham F. 1991. Exporting Democracy: The United States and Latin America : Themes and Issues. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Lust-Okar, Ellen. 2006. ‘Elections under Authoritarianism: Preliminary Lessons from Jordan’. Democratization 13 (3): 456–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340600579359.
Magaloni, B. 2008a. ‘Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule’. Comparative Political Studies 41 (4–5): 715–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007313124.
———. 2008b. ‘Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule’. Comparative Political Studies 41 (4–5): 715–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007313124.
Malesky, Edmund, Paul Schuler, and Anh Tran. 2012. ‘The Adverse Effects of Sunshine: A Field Experiment on Legislative Transparency in an Authoritarian Assembly’. American Political Science Review 106 (04): 762–86. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055412000408.
Malloy, James M. 1977. Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America. Vol. Pitt Latin American series. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Marc Morjé Howard and Philip G. Roessler. 2006. ‘Liberalizing Electoral Outcomes in Competitive Authoritarian Regimes’. American Journal of Political Science 50 (2): 365–81. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3694278.
Milan Svolik. 2008a. ‘Authoritarian Reversals and Democratic Consolidation’. The American Political Science Review 102 (2): 153–68. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27644508.
———. 2008b. ‘Authoritarian Reversals and Democratic Consolidation’. The American Political Science Review 102 (2): 153–68. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/27644508.
Miller, Michael K. 2012. ‘Economic Development, Violent Leader Removal, and Democratization’. American Journal of Political Science 56 (4): 1002–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00595.x.
Moore, Barrington. 1966a. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press.
———. 1966b. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press.
———. 1966c. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press.
Nathan, Andrew J. (Andrew James). 2003. ‘Authoritarian Resilience’. Journal of Democracy 14 (1): 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2003.0019.
Nordlinger, Eric A. 1977. Soldiers in Politics: Military Coups and Governments. Vol. Prentice-Hall contemporary comparative politics series. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
O’Donnell, Guillermo A. 1973. Modernization and Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism: Studies in South American Politics. Vol. Politics of modernization series. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California.
O’Donnell, Guillermo A., Philippe C. Schmitter, and Laurence Whitehead. 1986. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Ottaway, Marina. 2003a. Democracy Challenged: The Rise of Semi-Authoritarianism. Vol. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
———. 2003b. Democracy Challenged: The Rise of Semi-Authoritarianism. Vol. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Pempel, T. J., Joint Committee on Japanese Studies, Joint Committee on Western Europe, and Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai. 1990. Uncommon Democracies: The One-Party Dominant Regimes. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Pepinsky, Thomas. 2014. ‘The Institutional Turn in Comparative Authoritarianism’. British Journal of Political Science 44 (03): 631–53. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123413000021.
Perlmutter, Amos and Harvard University. 1977. The Military and Politics in Modern Times: On Professionals, Praetorians, and Revolutionary Soldiers. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Piattoni, Simona. 2001. Clientelism, Interests, and Democratic Representation: The European Experience in Historical and Comparative Perspective. Vol. Cambridge studies in comparative politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pietsch, Juliet. 2015. ‘Authoritarian Durability: Public Opinion towards Democracy in Southeast Asia’. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 25 (1): 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2014.933836.
‘Pippa Norris Shared Datasets’. n.d. http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/pnorris/Data/Data.htm.
Plattner, Marc F., and João Carlos Espada. 2000. The Democratic Invention. Vol. A Journal of democracy book. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.
‘Polity IV Project: Country Reports 2010’. n.d. http://www.systemicpeace.org/polity/polity4.htm.
Posusney, Marsha Pripstein, and Michele Penner Angrist. 2005. Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Regimes and Resistance. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Pratt, Nicola Christine. 2007. Democracy and Authoritarianism in the Arab World. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Pridham, Geoffrey, Eric Herring, and George Sanford. 1994. Building Democracy?: The International Dimension of Democratisation in Eastern Europe. London: Leicester University Press.
Przeworski, Adam. 2000. Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990. Vol. Cambridge studies in the theory of democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Reuter, Ora John, and David Szakonyi. 2015. ‘Online Social Media and Political Awareness in Authoritarian Regimes’. British Journal of Political Science 45 (01): 29–51. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123413000203.
Review by: Nathan Gilbert Quimpo. 2005. ‘Review: Oligarchic Patrimonialism, Bossism, Electoral Clientelism, and Contested Democracy in the Philippines’. Comparative Politics 37 (2): 229–50. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20072884.
Robert H. Jackson and Carl G. Rosberg. 1984. ‘Personal Rule: Theory and Practice in Africa’. Comparative Politics 16 (4): 421–42. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/421948.
Ross, Michael L. 2001. ‘Does Oil Hinder Democracy?’ World Politics 53 (03): 325–61. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v053/53.3ross.html.
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyne Huber, and John D. Stephens. 1992a. Capitalist Development and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity.
———. 1992b. Capitalist Development and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity.
Schedler, Andreas. 2002. ‘The Menu of Manipulation’. Journal of Democracy 13 (2): 36–50. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2002.0031.
———. 2006a. Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.
———. 2006b. Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.
———. 2006c. Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.
———. 2006d. Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc.
Schedler, Andreas and Oxford University Press. 2013. The Politics of Uncertainty: Sustaining and Subverting Electoral Authoritarianism. Vol. Oxford studies in democratization. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680320.001.0001.
Smith, Benjamin. 2005a. ‘Life of the Party: The Origins of Regime Breakdown and Persistence under Single-Party Rule’. World Politics 57 (03): 421–51. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v057/57.3smith.html.
———. 2005b. ‘Life of the Party: The Origins of Regime Breakdown and Persistence under Single-Party Rule’. World Politics 57 (03): 421–51. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v057/57.3smith.html.
Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way. 2006. ‘Linkage versus Leverage. Rethinking the International Dimension of Regime Change’. Comparative Politics 38 (4): 379–400. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20434008.
Stokes, Susan C. 2005. ‘Perverse Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina’. American Political Science Review 99 (03). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055405051683.
Susan D. Hyde. 2011. ‘Catch Us If You Can: Election Monitoring and International Norm Diffusion’. American Journal of Political Science 55 (2): 356–69. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23025056.
Svolik, Milan W. 2012a. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
———. 2012b. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
———. 2012c. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
———. 2012d. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
———. 2012e. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
———. 2012f. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
———. 2012g. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Electronic resource. Vol. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139176040.
Thompson, William R. n.d. ‘Corporate Coup-Maker Grievances and Types of Regime Targets’. Comparative Political Studies 12 (4). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1295977058?accountid=14540.
‘Transparency International - The Global Anti-Corruption Coalition’. n.d. http://www.transparency.org/.
Vanderhill, Rachel. 2013. Promoting Authoritarianism Abroad. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Von Hippel, Karin. 2000. Democracy by Force: US Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
White, Stephen, Alex Pravda, and Zvi Y. Gitelman. 1994. Developments in Russian and Post-Soviet Politics. 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Whitehead, Laurence and Oxford University Press. 2001. The International Dimensions of Democratization: Europe and the Americas. Electronic resource. Expanded ed. Vol. Oxford studies in democratization. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0199243751.001.0001.
‘Worldwide Governance Indicators | Data’. n.d. http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/worldwide-governance-indicators.
Wright, J. 2008. ‘To Invest or Insure?: How Authoritarian Time Horizons Impact Foreign Aid Effectiveness’. Comparative Political Studies 41 (7): 971–1000. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007308538.
Yuichi KonoDaniel. 2009. ‘Does Foreign Aid Support Autocrats, Democrats, or Both?’ The Journal of Politics 71 (2): 704–18. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1017/S0022381609090550.
