Bibliography for Mongols and the West 2.0 BETA

1.

Jackson P. The Mongols and the West, 1221-1410. Vol The medieval world. Pearson Longman; 2005.

2.

Morgan D. The Mongols. Vol The peoples of Europe. 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing; 2007.

3.

Jackson P. The Mongols and Europe. In: Abulafia D, ed. The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 5: C.1198-c.1300. Vol The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge University Press; 1999:703-719. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894

4.

Sinor D. The Mongols in the West. Journal of Asian History. 1999;33(1):1-44. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41933117

5.

Sinor D. The Mongols and Western Europe. In: Setton KM, ed. A History of the Crusades, Vol. III. 2nd ed. University of Wisconsin Press; 1975:513-544.

6.

Kẹdar BZ, Wiesner ME, eds. The Cambridge World History: Volume 5: Expanding Webs of Exchange and Conflict, 500CE-1500CE. Cambridge University Press; 2015.

7.

Di Cosmo N, Frank AJ, Golden PB, eds. The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: The Chinggisid Age. Cambridge University Press; 2009. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139056045

8.

Ho C. Thirteenth and Fourteenth Century European-Mongol Relations. History Compass. 2012;10(12):946-968. doi:10.1111/hic3.12018

9.

Abu-Lughod JL. Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250-1350. Oxford University Press; 1989.

10.

Linehan P, Nelson JL, Dawson Books. The Medieval World. Routledge; 2001. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781315016207

11.

Biran M. The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field. History Compass. 2013;11(11):1021-1033. doi:10.1111/hic3.12095

12.

Ruotsala A. Europeans and Mongols in the Middle of the Thirteenth Century: Encountering the Other. Vol Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemian toimituksia. Sarja Humaniora. The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters; 2001.

13.

Medieval Academy of America. Mission to Asia. Vol Medieval Academy reprints for teaching. (Dawson C, ed.). Published by University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America; 2008.

14.

Rossabi M. The Mongols and Global History: A Norton Documents Reader. Vol Norton documents reader series. 1st ed. W.W. Norton; 2011.

15.

Yule H, Cordier H. Cathay and the Way Thither: Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China. New ed. Printed for the Hakluyt society; 1913.

16.

Paris M, Giles JA. Matthew Paris’s English History: From the Year 1235 to 1273. Bohn; 1852. https://archive.org/details/matthewparissen01rishgoog

17.

Thomas of Spalato. Historia Salonitanorum Atque Spalatinorum Pontificum - History of the Bishops of Salona and Split. (Perić O, Karbić D, Matijević-Sokol M, Sweeney JR, eds.). Central European University Press; 2006. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/reader.action?docID=3137225&ppg=1

18.

Polo M. The Travels of Marco Polo. (Latham R, ed.). Penguin Books; 1958.

19.

Rogerius. Gesta Hungarorum. Vol Central European medieval texts. English ed. (Rady MC, Veszprémy L, Bak JM, eds.). Central European University Press; 2010. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319

20.

Yule H, Odorico. The Travels of Friar Odoric. Vol Italian texts and studies on religion and society. W.B. Eerdmans Pub. Co; 2002.

21.

Fischel WJ. A New Latin Source on Tamerlane’s Conquest of Damascus (1400/1401): (B. de Mignanelli’s ‘Vita Tamerlani’ 1416). Oriens. 1956;9(2):201-232. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1579274

22.

Boyle JA. Rashid al-Din: the First World Historian. Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society. 1969;17(4). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1301939363?accountid=14540

23.

Gregory G. Guzman. The Encyclopedist Vincent of Beauvais and His Mongol Extracts from John of Plano Carpini and Simon of Saint-Quentin. Speculum. 1974;49(2):287-307. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2856045

24.

Kamila S. History and legend in the Jāmi` al-tawārikh: Abraham, Alexander, and Oghuz Khan. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 2015;25(4):555-577. doi:10.1017/S1356186315000218

25.

Müller WK. Yü Da-Djün: On the Dating of the Secret History of the Mongols. Monumenta Serica. 1986;37(1):277-303. doi:10.1080/02549948.1986.11731193

26.

de Rachewiltz I. Some Remarks on the Dating of the Secret History of the Mongols. Monumenta Serica. 1965;24(1):185-206. doi:10.1080/02549948.1965.11744939

27.

Bartlett R. The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change 950-1350. Penguin Books; 1994.

28.

Bentley JH. Cross-Cultural Interaction and Periodization in World History. The American Historical Review. 1996;101(3):749-770. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2169422

29.

Bentley JH, American Council of Learned Societies. Old World Encounters: Cross-Cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-Modern Times. Oxford University Press; 1993. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.30958

30.

Edson E, Savage-Smith E. Medieval Views of the Cosmos. Bodleian Library; 2004.

31.

Muldoon J. Popes, Lawyers, and Infidels: The Church and the Non-Christian World, 1250-1550. Vol The Middle Ages. University of Pennsylvania Press; 1979.

32.

Abu-Lughod JL. Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250-1350. Oxford University Press; 1989.

33.

Linehan P, Nelson JL, Dawson Books. The Medieval World. Routledge; 2001. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781315016207

34.

Phillips JRS, Oxford University Press. The Medieval Expansion of Europe. 2nd ed. Clarendon; 1998. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001

35.

Walter de Gruyter & Co. Handbook of Medieval Culture: Fundamental Aspects and Conditions of the European Middle Ages, Volume 1. (Classen A, ed.). De Gruyter; 2015. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.degruyter.com/view/product/179332

36.

Koss N. The Best and Fairest Land: Images of China in Medieval Europe. Bookman Books; 1999.

37.

Rachewiltz I de. Some remarks on the ideological foundations of Chingis Khan’s empire. Papers on Far Eastern History. 1973;7:21-36. https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/rachewiltz/Rachewiltz_Some%20Remarks%20on%20the%20Ideological%20Foundations%201973.pdf

38.

Aigle D. The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History. Vol Iran studies. Brill; 2015.

39.

Allsen TT. Population Movements in Mongol Eurasia. In: Amitai R, Biran M, eds. Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors. University of Hawaiʻi Press; 2015:119-151. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3413788

40.

Allsen TT. Ever Closer Encounters: the Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire. Journal of Early Modern History. 1997;1(1):2-23. doi:10.1163/157006597X00208

41.

Allsen TT. Guard and Government in the Reign of The Grand Qan Möngke, 1251-59. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 1986;46(2):495-521. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719141

42.

Power A. Encounters in the Ruins: Latin Captives, Franciscan Friars and the Dangers of Religious Plurality in the early Mongol Empire. In: Methuen C, Spicer A, Wolffe J, eds. Christianity and Religious Plurality. Vol Studies in church history. Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press; 2015.

43.

Allsen TT. Mongol Imperialism: The Policies of the Grand Qan Möngke in China, Russia, and the Islamic Lands, 1251-1259. University of California Press; 1987.

44.

Jackson P. From Ulus to Khanate: the making of the Mongol states, c.1220-c.1290. In: Amitai-Preiss R, Morgan D, eds. The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Vol Islamic history and civilization. Brill; 1999:12-38.

45.

Watson AJ. Mongol inhospitality, or how to do more with less? Gift giving in William of Rubruck’s. Journal of Medieval History. 2011;37(1):90-101. doi:10.1016/j.jmedhist.2010.12.006

46.

Marshall R. Storm from the East: From Genghis Khan to Khubilai Khan. BBC; 1993.

47.

Allsen TT. Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia. Vol Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization. Cambridge University Press; 2001.

48.

Morgan D. The Decline and Fall of the Mongol Empire. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 2009;19(04). doi:10.1017/S1356186309990046

49.

Komaroff L, ed. Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan. Brill; 2013.

50.

Subrahmanyam S. Mughals and Franks. Vol Explorations in connected history. Oxford University Press; 2011.

51.

Amitai-Preiss R, Morgan DO, eds. The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Vol Islamic history and civilization. Brill; 1999.

52.

Allsen TT. Ever Closer Encounters: the Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire. Journal of Early Modern History. 1997;1(1):2-23. doi:10.1163/157006597X00208

53.

Baumer C. The History of Central Asia: Volume Three: The Age of Islam and the Mongols. I.B. Tauris; 2016.

54.

Amitai-Preiss R. Mongol imperial ideology and the Ilkhanid war against the Mamluks. In: Amitai-Preiss R, Morgan DO, eds. The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Vol Islamic history and civilization. Brill; 1999.

55.

Rachewiltz I de. Some remarks on the ideological foundations of Chingis Khan’s empire. Papers on Far Eastern History. 1973;7:21-36. https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/rachewiltz/Rachewiltz_Some%20Remarks%20on%20the%20Ideological%20Foundations%201973.pdf

56.

Golden PB. Imperial Ideology and the Sources of Political Unity Amongst the Pre-Cinggisid Nomads of Western Eurasia. Nomads and their neighbours in the Russian steppe: Turks, Khazars and Qipchaqs. 2003;Variorum collected studies series.

57.

Ratchnevsky P. Genghis Khan, His Life and Legacy. (Haining TN, ed.). Blackwell; 1991.

58.

Rossabi M. Khubilai Khan: His Life and Times. University of California Press; 1987.

59.

Sela R. The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia. Vol Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization. Cambridge University Press; 2011. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511977343

60.

Kortüm HH, ed. Transcultural Wars from the Middle Ages to the 21st Century. Akademie; 2006. http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1348821

61.

May T. The Mongol Art of War and the Tsunami Strategy. Golden Horde Civilisation. 2015;8:31-38. https://www.academia.edu/16167427/The_Mongol_Art_of_War_and_the_Tsunami_Strategy

62.

May T. The Chinggis Exchange: the Mongol Empire and Global Impact on Warfare. World History Connected. 12(1). http://worldhistoryconnected.press.illinois.edu/12.1/forum_may.html

63.

Krämer F, Schmidt K, Singer J, eds. Historicizing the ‘Beyond’: The Mongolian Invasion as a New Dimension of Violence? Vol Heidelberg transcultural studies. Universitätsverlag Winter; 2011.

64.

Smith Jr. JM. Demographic Considerations in Mongol Siege Warfare. Archivum Ottomanicum. 1993;13:329-334.

65.

Smith, Jr. JM. Ayn Jālūt: Mamlūk Sucess or Mongol Failure? Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 1984;44(2):307-345. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719035

66.

Raphael K. Mongol Siege Warfare on the Banks of the Euphrates and the Question of Gunpowder (1260-1312). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 2009;19(3):355-370. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27756073

67.

May T. The Training of an Inner Asian Nomad Army in the Pre-Modern Period. The Journal of Military History. 2006;70(3):617-635. doi:10.1353/jmh.2006.0179

68.

Haining T. The Mongols and religion. Asian Affairs. 1986;17(1):19-32. doi:10.1080/03068378608730208

69.

Jackson P. The Mongols and the Faith of the Conquered. In: Amital R, Biran M, eds. Mongols, Turks, And Others. Brill Academic Publishers; 2004:245-290.

70.

Ryan JD. Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History. 1998;2(4):350-373. doi:10.1163/157006598X00027

71.

Power A. Encounters in the Ruins: Latin Captives, Franciscan Friars and the Dangers of Religious Plurality in the early Mongol Empire. In: Methuen C, Spicer A, Wolffe J, eds. Christianity and Religious Plurality. Vol Studies in church history. Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press; 2015.

72.

Hamilton B. Western Christian Contacts with Buddhism. In: Methuen C, Spicer A, Wolffe J, eds. Christianity and Religious Plurality. Vol Studies in church history. Published for The Ecclesiastical Society by The Boydell Press; 2015.

73.

DeWeese DA. Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Horde: Baba Tükles and Conversion to Islam in Historical and Epic Tradition. Vol Hermeneutics, studies in the history of religions. Pennsylvania State University Press; 1994.

74.

Jackson P. The Mongols and the Faith of the Conquered. In: Amital R, Biran M, eds. Mongols, Turks, And Others. Brill Academic Publishers; 2004:245-290.

75.

Foster J. Crosses from the Walls of Zaitun. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland. 1954;86(1-2):1-25. doi:10.1017/S0035869X0010629X

76.

Gardner I, Lieu SNC, Parry K. From Palmyra to Zayton: Epigraphy and Iconography. Vol Silk road studies. Brepols; 2005.

77.

Parry K. Angels and Apsaras: Christian Tombstones from Quanzhou. TAASA Review [The Journal of the Asian Arts Society of Australia]. 2003;12(2):4-5. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ea40801b-dd40-e911-80cd-005056af4099

78.

Tang L. Mongol Responses to Christianity in China: A Yuan Dynasty Phenomenon. Asia Research Institute Working Paper Series. 2006;63:3-24. http://www.ari.nus.edu.sg/wps/wps06_063.pdf

79.

Aigle D. The Letters of Eljigidei, Hülegü, and Abaqa: Mongol Overtures or Christian Ventriloquism? Inner Asia. 2005;7(2):143-162. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23615692

80.

Meyvaert P. An Unknown Letter of Hulagu, Il-Khan of Persia, to King Louis IX of France. Viator. 1980;11:245-260. doi:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.301508

81.

Voegelin E. The Mongol orders of submission to European powers, 1245–1255. Byzantion. 1941;15:378-413.

82.

L. Lockhart. The Relations between Edward I and Edward II of England and the Mongol Īl-Khāns of Persia. Iran. 1968;6:23-31. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299598

83.

Amitai R. Edward of England and Abagha Ilkhan. A Reexamination of a failed attempt at Mongol- Frankish cooperation. In: Gervers M, Powell JM, eds. Tolerance and Intolerance: Social Conflict in the Age of the Crusades. Vol Medieval studies. Syracuse University Press; 2001:75-82.

84.

Jacques Paviot. England and the Mongols (c. 1260-1330). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 2000;10(3):305-318. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188032

85.

Ryan JD. Missionary saints of the high middle ages: martyrdom, popular veneration, and canonization. The Catholic Historical Review. 2004;90(1). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA117040866&v=2.1&u=glasuni&it=r&p=EAIM&sw=w&asid=6789ee52dcb3dec72a5bdc9e58d538eb

86.

Rossabi M. Voyager from Xanadu: Rabban Sauma and the First Journey from China to the West. 1st ed. Kodansha International; 1992.

87.

Markham C, ed. Narrative of the Embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the Court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6. Hakluyt Society https://archive.org/stream/narrativeembass00markgoog#page/n14/mode/2up

88.

Budge EAW, ed. The Monks of Ḳûblâi Khân, Emperor of China or, The History of the Life and Travels of Rabban Ṣâwmâ, Envoy and Plentipotentiary of the Mongol Khâns to the Kings of Europe, and Marḳôs Who as Mâr Yahbh-Allâhâ III Became Patriarch of the Nestorian Church in Asia. Religious Tract Society; 1928. https://pages.uoregon.edu/sshoemak/324/texts/monks_of_kubla_khan.htm

89.

Roest B. Medieval Franciscan Mission: History and Concept. In: Bekkum W van, Cobb PM, eds. Strategies of Medieval Communal Identity. Peeters; 2003:137-162.

90.

Mason R. The Mongol Mission and Kyivan Rus. Ukrainian Quarterly. 1993;49(4):385-402.

91.

Phillips JRS. The eastern missions. In: The Medieval Expansion of Europe. Oxford University Press; 1998:78-95. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-5

92.

Mary Dienes. Eastern Missions of the Hungarian Dominicans in the First Half of the Thirteenth Century. Isis. 1937;27(2):225-241. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/225412

93.

De Rachewiltz I. Papal Envoys to the Great Khans. Vol Great travellers. Faber and Faber Ltd; 1971.

94.

Ryan J. Nicholas IV and the evolution of the eastern missionary effort. Archivum historiae pontificiae. 1981;19:79-95. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jUEYeZfWXsYC&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79&dq=%22Nicholas+IV+and+the+evolution+of+the+eastern+missionary+effort%22&source=bl&ots=rJNMjpsJei&sig=EGUW8tpK23lkPfvW2aPSA65n8sk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU9pvQgYfLAhVBaRQKHT3xBS0Q6AEIODAH#v=onepage&q=%22Nicholas%20IV%20and%20the%20evolution%20of%20the%20eastern%20missionary%20effort%22&f=false

95.

Jackson P. Early missions to the Mongols: Carpini and his contemporaries. Annual report. Published online 1994:14-32.

96.

Guzman GG. Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum. 1971;46(2). doi:10.2307/2854853

97.

Dawson C. The Mongol Mission: Narratives and Letters of the Franciscan Missionaries in Mongolia and China in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. Vol Makers of Christendom series. Sheed & Ward; 1955.

98.

Guzman GG. European clerical envoys to the Mongols: Reports of Western merchants in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 1231–1255. Journal of Medieval History. 1996;22(1):53-67. doi:10.1016/0304-4181(96)00008-5

99.

Ryan J. To Baptize Khans or to Convert Peoples? Missionary Aims in Central Asia in the Fourteenth Century. In: Armstrong G, Wood IN, eds. Christianizing Peoples and Converting Individuals: [Selected Proceedings of the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds, 1997]. Vol International medieval research. Brepols; 2000:247-257.

100.

Ruotsala A. Europeans and Mongols in the Middle of the Thirteenth Century: Encountering the Other. Vol Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemian toimituksia. Sarja Humaniora. The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters; 2001.

101.

Guzman GG. Christian Europe and Mongol Asia: First Medieval Intercultural Contact Between East and West. Essays in Medieval Studies. 1985;2:227-244. http://www.illinoismedieval.org/ems/EMSpdf/V2/V2Guzman.pdf

102.

Ryan JD. Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History. 1998;2(4):350-373. doi:10.1163/157006598X00027

103.

Jackson P. William of Rubruck in the Mongol Empire: perception and prejudices. In: Martels Z von, ed. Travel Fact and Travel Fiction: Studies on Fiction, Literary Tradition, Scholarly Discovery, and Observation in Travel Writing. Vol Brill’s studies in intellectual history. E.J. Brill; 1994:54-71.

104.

Sinor D. John of Plano Carpini’s Return from the Mongols. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland. 1957;89(3-4):193-206. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00115837

105.

Cultural Brokers between Religions. Border-Crossers and Experts at Mediterranean Courts. Cultural Brokers at Mediterranean Courts in the Middle Ages. Vol Mittelmeerstudien. (Höh M von der, Jaspert N, Oesterle JR, eds.). Wilhelm Fink; 2013.

106.

Allen R, ed. Eastward Bound: Travel and Travellers, 1050-1550. Manchester University Press; 2004.

107.

Ryan JD. European Travelers before Columbus: The Fourteenth Century’s Discovery of India. The Catholic Historical Review. 1993;79(4):648-670. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25024143

108.

Allsen TT. Mongolian Princes and Their Merchant Partners, 1200-1260. Asia Major. 1989;2(2):83-126. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41645437

109.

Biran M. The Mongol Empire and inter-civilizational exchange. In: Kedar BZ, Wiesner-Hanks M, eds. The Cambridge World History. Cambridge University Press; 2015:534-558. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021

110.

Campbell MB. The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’. In: The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600. Vol History e-book project. Cornell University Press; 1988:87-121. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193

111.

Lopez RS. China Silk in Europe in the Yuan Period. Journal of the American Oriental Society. 1952;72(2):72-76. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/595832

112.

Previato T. Pre-modern Globalization and Islamic Networks under Mongol Rule: Some Preliminary Considerations on the Spreading of Sufi Knowledge in Gansu-Qinghai. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs. 2016;36(2):235-266. doi:10.1080/13602004.2016.1186427

113.

Jacoby D. Marino Sanudo Torsello on Trade Routes, Commodities, and Taxation. In: Travellers, Merchants and Settlers in the Eastern Mediterranean, 11th-14th Centuries. Vol CS1045. Ashgate Variorum; 2014:184-197.

114.

Ryan JD. Preaching Christianity Along the Silk Route: Missionary Outposts in the Tartar ‘Middle Kingdom’ in the Fourteenth Century. Journal of Early Modern History. 1998;2(4):350-373. doi:10.1163/157006598X00027

115.

Kupfer M. The Lost Wheel Map of Ambrogio Lorenzetti. The Art Bulletin. 1996;78(2):286-310. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3046176

116.

Kinoshita S. The Painter, the Warrior, and the Sultan: The World of Marco Polo in Three Portraits. The Medieval Globe. 2016;2(1):101-128. https://www.academia.edu/22516484/The_Medieval_Globe_The_Painter_the_Warrior_and_the_Sultan_The_World_of_Marco_Polo_in_Three_Portraits

117.

Espada AG. Marco Polo, Odorico of Pordenone, the Crusades, and the Role of the Vernacular in the First Descriptions of the Indies. Viator. 2009;40(1):201-222. doi:10.1484/J.VIATOR.1.100351

118.

Carswell J. More About The Mongols: Chinese Porcelain From Asia To Europe. Asian Affairs. 2005;36(2):158-168. doi:10.1080/03068370500039029

119.

Hourihane C. Interactions: Artistic Interchange between the Eastern and Western Worlds in the Medieval Period. Vol The index of Christian Art occasional papers. Index of Christian Art, Department of Art & Archæology, Princeton University; 2007.

120.

Kuroda A. The Eurasian silver century, 1276–1359: commensurability and multiplicity. Journal of Global History. 2009;4(02). doi:10.1017/S1740022809003143

121.

Lopez RS. European Merchants in Mediaeval India. The Journal of Economic History. 1943;3(2):164-184. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2113495

122.

Phillips JRS. European merchants and the East. In: The Medieval Expansion of Europe. Oxford University Press; 1998:96-114. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-6

123.

Di Cosmo N. Black Sea Emporia and the Mongol Empire: A Reassessment of the Pax Mongolica. Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient. 2010;53(1):83-108. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=45694064&site=ehost-live

124.

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Gow A. Gog and Magog On Mappaemundi and Early Printed World Maps: Orientalizing Ethnography in the Apocalyptic Tradition. Journal of Early Modern History. 1998;2(1):61-88. doi:10.1163/157006598X00090

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Valtrová J. Beyond the Horizons of Legends:Traditional Imagery and Direct Experience in Medieval Accounts of Asia. Numen. 2010;57(2):154-185. doi:10.1163/156852710X487574

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van den Bent J. "None of the Kings on Earth is Their Equal in ʿaṣabiyya”: The Mongols in Ibn Khaldūn’s Works. Al-Masāq. 2016;28(2):171-186. doi:10.1080/09503110.2016.1198535

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Schmieder F. Nota sectam maometicam atterendam a tartaris et christianis: The Mongols as non-believing apocalyptic friends around the year 1260. Journal of Millennial Studies. 1998;1(1). http://www.mille.org/publications/summer98/fschmieder.pdf

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Charles J. Halperin. Ivan IV and Chinggis Khan. Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas. Published online 2003:481-497. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41051135

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Omeljan Pritsak. Moscow, the Golden Horde, and the Kazan Khanate from a Polycultural Point of View. Slavic Review. 1967;26(4):577-583. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2492610

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Halperin CJ. Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History. Indiana University Press; 1987. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=4543534

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Jackson P. The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. Yale University Press; 2017. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300125337.001.0001

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Manz BF. The Rule of the Infidels: the Mongols and the Islamic World. In: Morgan DO, Reid A, eds. The New Cambridge History of Islam. Cambridge University Press; 2000:128-168. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521850315

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Morgan DO. The Mongols in Syria, 1260–1300. In: Edbury PW, ed. Crusade and Settlement: Papers Read at the First Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East and Presented to R.C. Smail. University College Cardiff Press; 1985:231-235.

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Amitai-Preiss R. Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Īlkhānid War, 1260-1281. Vol Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization. Cambridge University Press; 1995.

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Amitai R. Northern Syria between the Mongols and Mamluks: Political Boundary, Military frontier and Ethnic affinity. In: Standen N, Power D, eds. Frontiers in Question: Eurasian Borderlands c. 700-1700. Macmillan Press; 1999:128-152. https://www.academia.edu/15744557/_Northern_Syria_between_the_Mongols_and_Mamluks_Political_Boundary_Military_frontier_and_Ethnic_affinity._In_Naomi_Standen_and_Daniel_Power_editors._Frontiers_in_Question_Eurasian_Borderlands_c._700-1700._London_Macmillan_Press_1999._128-52

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Charles J. Halperin. George Vernadsky, Eurasianism, the Mongols, and Russia. Slavic Review. 1982;41(3):477-493. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2497020

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Czarnowus A. The Mongols, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe: The Mirabilia Tradition in Benedict of Poland’s                              and John of Plano Carpini’s. Literature Compass. 2014;11(7):484-495. doi:10.1111/lic3.12150

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Bennett S. The report of friar John of Plano Carpini: analysis of an intelligence gathering mission conducted on behalf of the Papacy in the mid thirteenth century. History Studies: University of Limerick History Society Journal. 2011;12:1-14. https://ulir.ul.ie/bitstream/handle/10344/3688/History%20Studies_12_2011_12.9MB.pdf?sequence=2

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Guzman GG. Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum. 1971;46(2). http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2854853

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Thomas of Spalato. Historia Salonitanorum Atque Spalatinorum Pontificum. Vol Central European medieval texts. (Perić O, Karbić D, Matijević-Sokol M, Sweeney JR, eds.). Central European University Press; 2006.

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Roger of Apulia. Carmen Miserabile super Destructione Regni Hungariae per Tartaros,. In: Perlbach M, ed. MGH 29: Ex Rerum Ungaricarum Scriptoribus Saec. XIII. http://www.dmgh.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00000885_00557.html?sortIndex=010%3A050%3A0029%3A010%3A00%3A00

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Rachewiltz I de. The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century. Brill; 2006. https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=cedarbooks

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Juvayni A al DAM, Boyle JA, Morgan D. Genghis Khan: The History of the World Conqueror. Vol Manchester medieval sources series. Manchester University Press; 1997. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0010/001086/108630Eb.pdf

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Haenisch E, Olbricht P. Zum Untergang Zweier Reiche: Berichte von Augenzeugen Aus Den Jahren 1232-33 Und 1368-70. Vol 38,4. Steiner [in Komm.]; 1969.

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