Bibliography for History 1B | University of Glasgow

@book{Abulafia_2004, address={Oxford}, title={Italy in the central Middle Ages: 1000-1300}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Abulafia, David}, year={2004} }

@book{Abulafia_2008, address={New Haven, Conn}, title={The discovery of mankind: Atlantic encounters in the age of Columbus}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Abulafia, David}, year={2008} }

@book{Abulafia_Berend_2002a, address={Aldershot}, title={Medieval frontiers: concepts and practices}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Abulafia, David and Berend, Nora}, year={2002} }

@book{Abulafia_Berend_2002b, address={Aldershot}, title={Medieval frontiers: concepts and practices}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=63c1ea10-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Abulafia, David and Berend, Nora}, year={2002} }

@book{Abu-Lughod_1991, address={New York}, title={Before European hegemony: the world system A.D. 1250-1350}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Abu-Lughod, Janet L.}, year={1991} }

@book{Aigle_2015, address={Leiden}, title={The Mongol Empire between myth and reality: studies in anthropological history}, volume={Iran studies}, publisher={Brill}, author={Aigle, Denise}, year={2015} }

@book{Dunbar_Loud_2004, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={The history of the Normans}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Amato and Dunbar, Prescott N. and Loud, G. A.}, year={2004} }

@book{Amt_1993, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Women’s lives in medieval Europe: a sourcebook}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Amt, Emilie}, year={1993} }

@book{Angold_2001, address={London}, title={Byzantium: the bridge from antiquity to the Middle Ages}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=d2796562-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Weidenfeld & Nicolson}, author={Angold, Michael}, year={2001} }

@book{Arnold_1997, address={Houndmills}, title={Medieval Germany, 500-1300: a political interpretation}, publisher={Macmillan Press}, author={Arnold, Benjamin}, year={1997} }

@book{Asbridge_2005, address={London}, edition={[New ed.]}, title={The first crusade: a new history}, publisher={Free Press}, author={Asbridge, Thomas S.}, year={2005} }

@book{Baker_1973, address={Edinburgh}, title={Relations between East and West in the Middle Ages}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02965}, publisher={Edinburgh University Press}, author={Baker, Derek}, year={1973} }

@book{Barber, Malcolm_2004, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Two cities: medieval Europe, 1050-1320}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203645819}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Barber, Malcolm}, year={2004} }

@book{Barber_2012a, address={New Haven, Conn}, title={The crusader states}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3421014}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Barber, Malcolm}, year={2012} }

@book{Barber_2012b, address={New Haven, CT}, title={The crusader states}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300189315}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Barber, Malcolm}, year={2012} }

@book{Barber_2013, address={Harlow}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The Cathars: dualist heretics in Languedoc in the high Middle Ages}, volume={The medieval world}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=81754fcc-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Pearson}, author={Barber, Malcolm}, year={2013} }

@book{Barber_Bate_2010, address={Farnhamm, Surrey}, title={Letters from the East: crusaders, pilgrims and settlers in the 12th-13th centuries}, volume={18}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Barber, Malcolm and Bate, A. K.}, year={2010} }

@book{Bardsley_2007, address={Westport, CT}, title={Women’s roles in the Middle Ages}, volume={Women’s roles through history}, publisher={Greenwood Press}, author={Bardsley, Sandy}, year={2007} }

@book{Barker_2014, address={London}, title={England, arise: the people, the King and the Great Revolt of 1381}, publisher={Little, Brown}, author={Barker, Juliet R. V.}, year={2014} }

@book{Barlow_1970, address={London}, title={Edward the Confessor}, publisher={Eyre & Spottiswoode}, author={Barlow, Frank}, year={1970} }

@book{Barlow_1997, address={New Haven, Conn}, edition={Updated ed}, title={Edward the Confessor}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Barlow, Frank}, year={1997} }

@book{Barlow_1999, address={London}, edition={5th ed}, title={The feudal kingdom of England, 1042-1216}, publisher={Longman}, author={Barlow, Frank}, year={1999} }

@book{Barlow_2002, address={Harlow, Essex}, title={The Godwins: the rise and fall of a noble dynasty}, url={http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=510684&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth}, publisher={Longman}, author={Barlow, Frank}, year={2002} }

@book{Barraclough_1992, address={London}, title={The Medieval Papacy}, volume={Library of European civilization}, publisher={Thames & Hudson}, author={Barraclough, Geoffrey}, year={1992} }

@book{Bates_1982, address={London}, title={Normandy before 1066}, publisher={Longman}, author={Bates, David}, year={1982} }

@book{Bates_1989, address={London}, title={William the Conqueror}, publisher={George Philip}, author={Bates, David}, year={1989} }

@book{Bates_2017, address={New Haven}, title={William the Conqueror}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300118759.001.0001}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Bates, David}, year={2017} }

@book{Bates_Curry_1994, address={London}, title={England and Normandy in the Middle Ages}, publisher={Hambledon Press}, author={Bates, David and Curry, Anne}, year={1994} }

@book{Bates, David_Curry, Anne_1994, address={London}, title={England and Normandy in the Middle Ages}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780826443090}, publisher={Hambledon Press}, author={Bates, David and Curry, Anne}, year={1994} }

@book{Becher_2003, address={New Haven}, title={Charlemagne}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Becher, Matthias}, year={2003} }

@book{Bennett, Matthew_2001, address={Chicago, Ill}, title={Campaigns of the Norman conquest}, publisher={Fitzroy Dearborn}, author={Bennett, Matthew}, year={2001} }

@article{Bennett_1935, address={London}, title={British wheat yield per acre for seven centuries}, volume={3}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=4ae42d8e-b544-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, journal={Economic history}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Bennett, M.K.}, year={1935}, pages={12–29} }

@book{Berend_2001, address={Cambridge}, title={At the gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims, and ‘pagans’ in medieval Hungary, c. 1000-c. 1300}, volume={Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Berend, Nora}, year={2001} }

@book{Berman_2000, address={Philadelphia, Pa}, title={The Cistercian evolution: the invention of a religious order in twelfth-century Europe}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3441632}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Berman, Constance H.}, year={2000} }

@book{Bernau_Evans_Salih_2003, address={Cardiff}, title={Medieval virginities}, volume={Religion&culture in the Middle Ages}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=52c310e3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={University of Wales Press}, author={Bernau, Anke and Evans, Ruth and Salih, Sarah}, year={2003} }

@article{Biran_2013, title={The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field}, volume={11}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com./doi/10.1111/hic3.12095/epdf}, DOI={10.1111/hic3.12095}, number={11}, journal={History Compass}, author={Biran, Michal}, year={2013}, month={Nov}, pages={1021–1033} }

@inbook{Biran_2015, address={Cambridge}, title={The Mongol Empire and inter-civilizational exchange}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9780511667480%23CT-bp-20/type/book_part}, DOI={10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021}, booktitle={The Cambridge World History}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Biran, Michal}, editor={Kedar, Benjamin Z. and Wiesner-Hanks, Merry}, year={2015}, pages={534–558} }

@book{Blumenthal_1988, address={Philadelphia}, title={The investiture controversy: church and monarchy from the ninth to the twelfth century}, volume={Middle Ages series}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Blumenthal, Uta-Renate}, year={1988} }

@book{Bolton_1995, address={Aldershot}, title={Innocent III: studies on papal authority and pastoral care}, volume={Collected studies}, publisher={Variorum}, author={Bolton, Brenda}, year={1995} }

@book{Bolton_Duggan_2003, address={Aldershot}, title={Adrian IV the English Pope (1154-1159): studies and texts}, volume={Church, faith and culture in the Medieval West}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Bolton, Brenda and Duggan, Anne}, year={2003} }

@book{Boso_Munz_1973, address={Oxford}, title={Boso’s life of Alexander III}, publisher={Basil Blackwell}, author={Boso and Munz, Peter}, year={1973} }

@book{Bowersock_Brown_Grabar_1999, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Late antiquity: a guide to the postclassical world}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b2d05847-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Belknap Press}, author={Bowersock, G. W. and Brown, Peter Robert Lamont and Grabar, Oleg}, year={1999} }

@book{Bowersock_Brown_Grabar_2001, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Interpreting late antiquity: essays on the postclassical world}, publisher={Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}, author={Bowersock, G. W. and Brown, Peter Robert Lamont and Grabar, Oleg}, year={2001} }

@book{Braudel_1981, address={London}, title={The structures of everyday life: the limits of the possible}, volume={v. 1}, publisher={Collins}, author={Braudel, Fernand}, year={1981} }

@book{Braudel_1982, address={London}, title={The wheels of commerce}, volume={v. 2}, publisher={Collins}, author={Braudel, Fernand}, year={1982} }

@book{Braudel_1984, address={London}, title={The perspective of the world}, volume={v. 3}, publisher={Collins}, author={Braudel, Fernand}, year={1984} }

@book{Brink_Price_2008, address={London}, title={The Viking world}, volume={The Routledge worlds}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=366343}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Brink, Stefan and Price, Neil S.}, year={2008} }

@book{British Museum_2014, address={London}, title={Vikings: life and legend}, publisher={British Museum}, author={British Museum}, editor={Williams, Gareth and Pentz, Peter and Wemhoff, Matthias}, year={2014} }

@book{Brooke_2002, address={Oxford}, title={The medieval idea of marriage}, volume={History e-book project}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01174}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Brooke, Christopher Nugent Lawrence}, year={2002} }

@book{Brown, Peter_Dawson Books_2013a, address={Hoboken, NJ}, edition={10th anniversary rev. ed}, title={The rise of Western Christendom: triumph and diversity AD 200-1000}, volume={The making of Europe}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781118338810}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Brown, Peter and Dawson Books}, year={2013} }

@book{Brown, Peter_Dawson Books_2013b, address={Hoboken, NJ}, edition={10th anniversary rev. ed}, title={The rise of Western Christendom: triumph and diversity AD 200-1000}, volume={The making of Europe}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781118338810}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Brown, Peter and Dawson Books}, year={2013} }

@book{Brown_2003, address={Oxford}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The rise of Western Christendom: triumph and diversity, AD 200-1000}, publisher={Blackwell Publishing}, author={Brown, Peter Robert Lamont}, year={2003} }

@book{Brown_1994a, address={London}, title={The Normans}, author={Brown, R. A.}, year={1994} }

@book{Brown_1994b, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk UK}, edition={New ed}, title={The Normans}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4271665b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Brown, R. Allen}, year={1994} }

@book{Brown_Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies_1979, address={Ipswich}, title={Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman studies, 1, 1978}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=80754fcc-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Brown, R. Allen and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies}, year={1979} }

@book{Brown_Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies_1982, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies, IV, 1981}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=f30110d5-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Brown, R. Allen and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies}, year={1982} }

@book{Brubaker_1998, address={Aldershot}, title={Byzantium in the ninth century: dead or alive? : papers from the thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine studies, Birmingham, March 1996}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=423820f3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Brubaker, Leslie}, year={1998} }

@article{Bull_1993, title={The Roots of Lay Enthusiasm for the First Crusade}, volume={78}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-229X.1993.tb02249.x}, number={254}, journal={History}, author={Bull, Marcus}, year={1993}, month={Oct}, pages={353–372} }

@book{Bullough_1965, address={London}, title={The age of Charlemagne}, publisher={Elek}, author={Bullough, Donald A.}, year={1965} }

@book{Campbell_2016, address={Cambridge}, title={The great transition: climate, disease and society in the late-medieval world : the 2013 Ellen McArthur lectures}, volume={2013}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Campbell, B. M. S.}, year={2016} }

@article{Campbell_1973, title={Observations on the conversion of England}, volume={78}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=fd8b2fae-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, number={2}, journal={The Ampleforth Journal}, author={Campbell, J.}, year={1973}, pages={12–26} }

@book{Campbell_Wormald_John Eric_1982, address={Oxford}, title={The Anglo-Saxons}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=65005808-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Phaidon}, author={Campbell, James and Wormald, Patrick and John Eric}, year={1982} }

@inbook{Campbell_1988, address={Ithaca}, title={The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’}, volume={History e-book project}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193}, booktitle={The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Campbell, Mary B.}, year={1988}, pages={87–121} }

@article{Charles Burns_1997, title={The Popes and the Jews: From Gelasius I to Julius III (492-1555)}, volume={83}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/25024884}, number={1}, journal={The Catholic Historical Review}, publisher={Catholic University of America Press}, author={Charles Burns}, year={1997}, pages={75–85} }

@book{Chazan_2004, address={Cambridge}, title={Fashioning Jewish identity in medieval western Christendom}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Chazan, Robert}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Cheyette_1999, title={Women, Poets, and Politics in Occitania}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/reader.action?docID=3441524&ppg=149}, booktitle={Aristocratic Women in Medieval France}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Cheyette, Frederic L.}, year={1999}, pages={138–177} }

@book{Chibnall_1986, address={New York}, title={Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1166}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=d1796562-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Basil Blackwell}, author={Chibnall, Marjorie}, year={1986} }

@book{Chibnall_1999, address={Manchester}, title={The debate on the Norman Conquest}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Chibnall, Marjorie}, year={1999} }

@book{Cipolla_1972, address={London}, title={The Middle Ages}, volume={The Fontana economic history of Europe}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b922761d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Fontana}, author={Cipolla, Carlo M.}, year={1972} }

@book{Clark_2011, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={The Benedictines in the Middle Ages}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Clark, James G.}, year={2011} }

@book{Cohen_2008, address={Princeton}, title={Under crescent and cross: the Jews in the Middle Ages}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00003}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Cohen, Mark R.}, year={2008} }

@book{Cohn_Aiton_2012, address={Cambridge}, title={Popular Protest in Late Medieval English Towns}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139227070}, DOI={10.1017/CBO9781139227070}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Cohn, Jr and Aiton, Douglas}, year={2012} }

@book{Cohn_1970, address={London}, edition={Rev. ed}, title={The pursuit of the millennium: revolutionary millenarians and mystical anarchists of the Middle Ages}, publisher={Pimlico}, author={Cohn, Norman Rufus Colin}, year={1970} }

@book{Cohn_2004, address={Manchester}, title={Popular protest in late-medieval Europe: Italy, France and Flanders}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112767/9781526112767.xml}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Cohn, Samuel Kline}, year={2004} }

@book{Cohn_2006, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Lust for liberty: the politics of social revolt in medieval Europe, 1200-1425 : Italy, France, and Flanders}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Cohn, Samuel Kline}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Cohn_2007, address={New York, NY}, title={The Black Death, Tragedy and Transformation}, url={http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1924451}, booktitle={The Renaissance world}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Cohn, Samuel Kline}, editor={Martin, John Jeffries}, year={2007}, pages={69–83} }

@book{Cohn_2018, address={Oxford}, edition={First edition}, title={Epidemics: hate and compassion from the Plague of Athens to AIDS}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819660.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Cohn, Samuel Kline}, year={2018} }

@book{Collins_1998, address={Houndmills}, title={Charlemagne}, publisher={Macmillan Press}, author={Collins, Roger}, year={1998} }

@book{Collins_1999a, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Early medieval Europe: 300-1000}, publisher={Palgrave (formerly Macmillan)}, author={Collins, Roger}, year={1999} }

@book{Collins_1999b, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Early medieval Europe: 300-1000}, publisher={Palgrave (formerly Macmillan)}, author={Collins, Roger}, year={1999} }

@book{Collins_2010a, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Early medieval Europe: 300-1000}, volume={Palgrave history of Europe}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=8b179025-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Collins, Roger}, year={2010} }

@book{Collins_2010b, address={Basingstoke}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Early medieval Europe: 300-1000}, volume={Palgrave history of Europe}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Collins, Roger}, year={2010} }

@article{Conant_1944, title={Novgorod, Constantinople, and Kiev in Old Russian Church Architecture}, volume={3}, DOI={10.2307/3020237}, number={2}, journal={Slavonic and East European Review. American Series}, author={Conant, Kenneth John}, year={1944}, month={Aug} }

@book{Constable_2000, address={Aldershot, Hants}, title={Cluny from the tenth to the twelfth centuries: further studies}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b78b9e40-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Ashgate Variorum}, author={Constable, Giles}, year={2000} }

@article{Constable_2012, title={The Future of Cluniac Studies}, volume={1}, DOI={10.1484/J.JMMS.1.102734}, journal={Journal of Medieval Monastic Studies}, author={Constable, Giles}, year={2012}, month={Jan}, pages={1–16} }

@article{Cowdrey_1970, title={Pope Urban II’ preaching of the First Crusade}, volume={55}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-229X.1970.tb02491.x}, number={184}, journal={History}, author={Cowdrey, H. E. J.}, year={1970}, month={Jun}, pages={177–188} }

@book{Cowdrey_1984, address={London}, title={Popes, monks and crusaders}, publisher={Hambledon Press}, author={Cowdrey, H. E. J.}, year={1984} }

@book{Cowdrey_Oxford University Press_1998, address={Oxford}, title={Pope Gregory VII, 1073-1085}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206460.001.0001}, publisher={Clarendon}, author={Cowdrey, H. E. J. and Oxford University Press}, year={1998} }

@article{Cross_Morgilevski_Conant_1936, title={The Earliest Mediaeval Churches of Kiev}, volume={11}, DOI={10.2307/2848541}, number={4}, journal={Speculum}, author={Cross, Samuel H. and Morgilevski, H. V. and Conant, K. J.}, year={1936}, month={Oct}, pages={477–499} }

@book{Crouch_2002, address={London}, title={The Normans: the history of a dynasty}, publisher={Hambledon and London}, author={Crouch, David}, year={2002} }

@book{Davies_1990, address={Cambridge}, title={Domination and conquest: the experience of Ireland, Scotland and Wales 1100-1300}, volume={The Wiles lectures}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3f02c5b4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Davies, R. R.}, year={1990} }

@book{Davis_Mayr-Harting_Moore_1985, address={London}, title={Studies in medieval history presented to R.H.C. Davis}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=47989054-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Hambledon Press}, author={Davis, R. H. C. and Mayr-Harting, Henry and Moore, R. I.}, year={1985} }

@inbook{D’Avray_2001, address={Manchester}, title={Lay kinship and solidarity and papal law}, booktitle={Law, laity, and solidarities: essays in honour of Susan Reynolds}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={D’Avray, David}, year={2001}, pages={188–199} }

@book{Dawson_1955, address={London}, title={The Mongol mission: narratives and letters of the Franciscan missionaries in Mongolia and China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries}, volume={Makers of Christendom series}, publisher={Sheed & Ward}, author={Dawson, Christopher}, year={1955} }

@article{DeAragon_1982, title={In Pursuit of Aristocratic Women: A Key to Success in Norman England}, volume={14}, DOI={10.2307/4048516}, number={03}, journal={Albion}, author={DeAragon, RaGena C.}, year={1982}, pages={258–267} }

@article{Denis Sinor_1999, title={The Mongols in the West}, volume={33}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41933117}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Asian History}, publisher={Harrassowitz Verlag}, author={Denis Sinor}, year={1999}, pages={1–44} }

@article{Devin DeWeese_1979, title={The Influence of the Mongols on the Religious Consciousness of Thirteenth-Century Europe}, volume={5}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43193054}, journal={Mongolian Studies}, author={Devin DeWeese}, year={1979}, pages={41–78} }

@article{Di Cosmo_2010, title={Black Sea Emporia and the Mongol Empire: A Reassessment of the Pax Mongolica.}, volume={53}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=45694064&site=ehost-live}, number={1}, journal={Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient}, author={Di Cosmo, Nicola}, year={2010}, pages={83–108} }

@inbook{Dimnik_2006, address={Cambridge}, title={The Rus’ principalities (1125–1246)}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/CBO9781139054102A009/type/book_part}, DOI={10.1017/CHOL9780521812276.006}, booktitle={The Cambridge History of Russia}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Dimnik, Martin}, editor={Perrie, Maureen}, year={2006}, pages={98–126} }

@book{Dobson_American Council of Learned Societies_1970, address={London}, title={The Peasants’ Revolt of 1381}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01538}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Dobson, R. B. and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1970} }

@book{Douglas_1976, address={London}, title={The Norman fate, 1100-1154}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4371665b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Eyre Methuen}, author={Douglas, David C.}, year={1976} }

@book{Douglas_Greenaway_1981, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={English historical documents: Vol. 2: 1042-1189}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203439517}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Douglas, David C. and Greenaway, George William}, year={1981} }

@book{Duby_Forster_American Council of Learned Societies_1991, address={Baltimore}, edition={Johns Hopkins paperbacks ed}, title={Medieval marriage: two models from twelfth-century France}, volume={The Johns Hopkins symposia in comparative history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01186}, publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Duby, Georges and Forster, Elborg and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1991} }

@book{Duby_Perrot_1992, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={A history of women in the West}, publisher={Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}, author={Duby, Georges and Perrot, Michelle}, year={1992} }

@book{Duffy_1997, address={New Haven}, title={Saints and sinners: a history of the Popes}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300207088}, publisher={Yale University Press in association with S4C}, author={Duffy, Eamon}, year={1997} }

@book{Duffy_2011, address={New Haven, CT}, title={Ten popes who shook the world}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300184273}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Duffy, Eamon}, year={2011} }

@article{Dunn, title={The Many Roles of Wat Tyler}, volume={51}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A76402662/AONE?u=glasuni&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=5c241ea0}, number={7}, journal={History Today}, author={Dunn, Alastair} }

@book{Earenfight_2013, address={Basingstoke}, title={Queenship in medieval Europe}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Earenfight, Theresa}, year={2013} }

@article{Earenfight_2017, title={Medieval queenship}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1111/hic3.12372}, number={3}, journal={History Compass}, author={Earenfight, Theresa}, year={2017}, month={Mar} }

@book{Edgington_Lambert_2002, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Gendering the crusades}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=82754fcc-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Edgington, Susan and Lambert, Sarah}, year={2002} }

@book{Notker_Ganz_2008, address={London}, title={Two lives of Charlemagne}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Einhard and Notker and Ganz, David}, year={2008} }

@book{Ellenblum_2002a, address={Cambridge}, title={Frankish rural settlement in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/frankish-rural-settlement-in-the-latin-kingdom-of-jerusalem/32478AB66DA39ED7973D434F43037601}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ellenblum, Roni}, year={2002} }

@book{Ellenblum_2002b, address={Cambridge}, title={Frankish rural settlement in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem}, url={https://eleanor.lib.gla.ac.uk/search~S6?/aEllenblum%2C+Roni/aellenblum+roni;T=Frankish+rural+settlement+in+the+Latin+kingdom+of+Jerusalem/1%2C2%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=aellenblum+roni;T=Frankish+rural+settlement+in+the+Latin+kingdom+of+Jerusalem&2%2C2%2C}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ellenblum, Roni}, year={2002} }

@book{Epstein_2009, address={Cambridge}, title={An economic and social history of later medieval Europe, 1000-1500}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Epstein, Steven}, year={2009} }

@book{Erdmann_American Council of Learned Societies_1977, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={The origin of the idea of crusade}, volume={History e-book project}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01189}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Erdmann, Carl and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1977} }

@book{Evans_1931, address={London}, title={Monastic life at Cluny: 910-1157}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=d6759916-b644-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Evans, Joan}, year={1931} }

@book{Evergates_1999, address={Philadelphia, Pa}, title={Aristocratic women in medieval France}, volume={Middle Ages series}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3441524}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Evergates, Theodore}, year={1999} }

@inbook{Flori_2005, address={Basingstoke, Hampshire}, title={Ideology and Motivation in the First Crusade}, url={https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780230524095}, booktitle={Palgrave advances in the Crusades}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Flori, Jean}, year={2005} }

@book{Forde_Johnson_Murray_1995, address={Leeds}, title={Concepts of national identity in the Middle Ages}, volume={Leeds texts and monographs}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5ca876db-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Leeds Studies in English}, author={Forde, Simon and Johnson, Lesley and Murray, Alan V.}, year={1995} }

@book{Forte_Oram_Pedersen_2005, address={Cambridge, U.K.}, title={Viking empires}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Forte, Angelo and Oram, Richard D. and Pedersen, Frederik}, year={2005} }

@book{France_1994, address={Cambridge}, title={Victory in the East: a military history of the First Crusade}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1582575}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={France, John}, year={1994} }

@book{France_2005, address={New York}, title={The Crusades and the expansion of Catholic Christendom, 1000-1714}, publisher={Routledge}, author={France, John}, year={2005} }

@inbook{1915, address={London}, title={Notices of the Land Route to Cathay and of Asiatic Trade in the First Half of the Fourteenth Century}, volume={2}, url={https://archive.org/stream/cathayandwaythi00marigoog#page/n68/mode/2up}, booktitle={Cathay and the Way Thither. Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China}, author={Francis Balducci Pegolotti}, year={1915}, pages={279–308} }

@inbook{Franke_1994, address={Aldershot}, title={Sino-Western Contacts Under the Mongol Empire}, volume={Collected studies}, url={http://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/ba238c350f88e040d5c64d8cb722f1d0.pdf}, booktitle={China under Mongol rule}, publisher={Variorum}, author={Franke, Herbert}, year={1994}, pages={49–72} }

@book{Franklin_2002, address={Cambridge}, title={Writing, society and culture in early Rus, c. 950-1300}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511496509}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Franklin, Simon}, year={2002} }

@inbook{Franklin_2006, address={Cambridge}, title={Kievan Rus’ (1015–1125)}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/CBO9781139054102A008/type/book_part}, DOI={10.1017/CHOL9780521812276.005}, booktitle={The Cambridge History of Russia}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Franklin, Simon}, editor={Perrie, Maureen}, year={2006}, pages={73–97} }

@book{Franklin_Shepard_2013, address={London}, title={The emergence of Rus: 750-1200}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315836898}, publisher={Longman}, author={Franklin, Simon and Shepard, Jonathan}, year={2013} }

@book{Frankopan_2012a, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={The First Crusade: the call from the East}, publisher={Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}, author={Frankopan, Peter}, year={2012} }

@book{Frankopan_2012b, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={The First Crusade: the call from the East}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3b93cbf9-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Belknap Press of Harvard University Press}, author={Frankopan, Peter}, year={2012} }

@book{Frantzen_Moffat_1994, address={Glasgow}, title={The Work of work: servitude, slavery, and labor in medieval England}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=f20110d5-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cruithne Press}, author={Frantzen, Allen J. and Moffat, Douglas}, year={1994} }

@book{Freed_2017, address={New Haven}, title={Frederick Barbarossa: a prince and the myth}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300122763.001.0001}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Freed, John B.}, year={2017} }

@book{Garnett_2009, address={Oxford}, title={The Norman Conquest: a very short introduction}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192801616.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Garnett, George}, year={2009} }

@article{Giffney_2012, title={Monstrous Mongols}, volume={3}, DOI={10.1057/pmed.2012.10}, number={2}, journal={postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies}, author={Giffney, Noreen}, year={2012}, month={May}, pages={227–245} }

@book{Gillingham_Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies_2005, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={Anglo-Norman studies: 27: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2004}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Gillingham, John and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies}, year={2005} }

@book{Glenn_Brentano_2011, address={Toronto, ON}, title={The Middle Ages in texts and texture: reflections on Medieval sources}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=53c310e3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={University of Toronto Press}, author={Glenn, Jason and Brentano, Robert}, year={2011} }

@book{Golding_2013, address={Basingstoke}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Conquest and colonisation: the Normans in Britain, 1066-1100}, volume={British history in perspective}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3589922b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Golding, Brian}, year={2013} }

@book{Guibert_Archambault, Paul J._1996, address={University Park, Pennsylvania}, title={A monk’s confession: the memoirs of Guibert of Nogent}, publisher={Pennsylvania State University Press}, author={Guibert and Archambault, Paul J.}, year={1996} }

@book{Guibert_Benton, J. F._Bland, C. C. Swinton_1970, address={New York}, title={Self and society in medieval France: the memoirs of Abbot Guibert of Nogent (1064?-c.1125)}, publisher={Harper & Row}, author={Guibert and Benton, J. F. and Bland, C. C. Swinton}, year={1970} }

@article{Guzman_1985, title={Christian Europe and Mongol Asia: First Medieval Intercultural Contact Between East and West}, volume={2}, url={http://www.illinoismedieval.org/ems/EMSpdf/V2/V2Guzman.pdf}, journal={Essays in Medieval Studies}, author={Guzman, Gregory G.}, year={1985}, pages={227–244} }

@article{Guzman_2010, title={European captives and craftsmen among the Mongols, 1231-1255}, volume={72}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=glasuni&id=GALE|A221917893&v=2.1&it=r&sid=summon&userGroup=glasuni}, number={1}, journal={The Historian}, author={Guzman, Gregory G.}, year={2010} }

@book{Hagger_2012, address={London}, title={William: king and conqueror}, author={Hagger, M.}, year={2012} }

@book{Hagger_ProQuest (Firm)_2017, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk, England}, title={Norman rule in Normandy, 911-1144}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=4844151}, publisher={The Boydell Press}, author={Hagger, Mark S. and ProQuest (Firm)}, year={2017} }

@book{Harper-Bill_Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies_1997, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={Anglo-Norman studies: 19: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1996}, volume={Anglo-Norman studies}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5ba876db-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Harper-Bill, Christopher and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies}, year={1997} }

@book{Hazard_Wolff_University of Wisconsin-Madison. Libraries_1969, address={Madison}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The later Crusades, 1189-1311}, volume={A history of the Crusades}, url={https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/History.CrusTwo}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Hazard, Harry W. and Wolff, Robert Lee and University of Wisconsin-Madison. Libraries}, year={1969} }

@book{Heather_2009, address={London}, title={Empires and barbarians: migrations, development and the birth of Europe}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3489922b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Heather, P. J.}, year={2009} }

@book{Higham_1993, address={Stroud}, title={The kingdom of Northumbria AD 350-1100}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=64c1ea10-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Alan Sutton}, author={Higham, N. J.}, year={1993} }

@book{Hilton_Fagan_American Council of Learned Societies_1950, address={London}, title={The English rising of 1381}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01203}, publisher={Lawrence and Wishart}, author={Hilton, R. H. and Fagan, Hyman and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1950} }

@book{Hilton, Rodney, title={Bond Men Made Free: Medieval Peasant Movements and the English Rising of 1381}, url={http://lib.myilibrary.com/Open.aspx?id=9519&src=0}, author={Hilton, Rodney} }

@book{Houben_2002, address={Cambridge}, title={Roger II of Sicily: a ruler between East and West}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Houben, Hubert}, year={2002} }

@book{Houts_1999, address={Basingstoke}, title={Memory and gender in medieval Europe, 900-1200}, volume={Explorations in medieval culture and society}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=ba22761d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Houts, Elisabeth Maria Cornelia van}, year={1999} }

@book{van Houts_2000a, address={Manchester}, title={The Normans in Europe}, volume={Manchester medieval sources series}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112675/9781526112675.xml}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={van Houts, Elisabeth Maria Cornelia}, year={2000} }

@book{van Houts_2000b, address={Manchester}, title={The Normans in Europe}, volume={Manchester medieval sources series}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112675/9781526112675.xml}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={van Houts, Elisabeth Maria Cornelia}, year={2000} }

@book{Hughes_1972, address={London}, title={Early Christian Ireland: introduction to the sources}, volume={The sources of history, studies in the uses of historical evidence}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5674f7c4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Sources of History Ltd}, author={Hughes, Kathleen}, year={1972} }

@book{Ibn Jubayr_Broadhurst_2007, address={New Delhi}, title={The travels of Ibn Jubayr: being the chronicle of a mediaeval Spanish Moor concerning his journey to the Egypt of Saladin, the holy cities of Arabia, Baghdad the city of the caliphs, the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem, and the Norman kingdom of Sicily}, publisher={Goodwood Books}, author={Ibn Jubayr, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad and Broadhurst, Ronald J. C.}, year={2007} }

@inbook{Innes_2001, address={Harlow}, title={Keeping it in the family: women and aristocratic memory, 700-1300}, volume={Women and men in history}, booktitle={Medieval memories: men, women and the past, 700-1300}, publisher={Longman}, author={Innes, Matthew}, year={2001}, pages={17–35} }

@book{Innes_2007a, address={London}, title={Introduction to early medieval Western Europe, 300-900: the sword, the plough and the book}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Innes, Matthew}, year={2007} }

@book{Innes_2007b, address={London}, title={Introduction to early medieval Western Europe, 300-900: the sword, the plough and the book}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=41dfdaea-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Innes, Matthew}, year={2007} }

@book{Innes_2007c, address={London}, title={Introduction to early medieval Western Europe, 300-900: the sword, the plough and the book}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Innes, Matthew}, year={2007} }

@book{Jackson_2015a, address={London}, title={Medieval women}, publisher={The British Library}, author={Jackson, Deirdre Elizabeth}, year={2015} }

@book{Jackson_2015b, address={London}, title={Medieval women}, publisher={The British Library}, author={Jackson, Deirdre Elizabeth}, year={2015} }

@article{Jackson_1987, title={The Crusades of 1239-1241 and their aftermath}, volume={50}, DOI={10.1017/S0041977X00053180}, number={01}, journal={Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, author={Jackson, Peter}, year={1987}, month={Feb} }

@inbook{Jackson_1999, address={Cambridge}, title={The Mongols and Europe}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/CBO9781139055734A042/type/book_part}, DOI={10.1017/CHOL9780521362894.034}, booktitle={The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 5}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Jackson, Peter}, year={1999}, pages={701–719} }

@book{Jackson_2005, address={Harlow, England}, title={The Mongols and the west, 1221-1410}, volume={The medieval world}, publisher={Pearson Longman}, author={Jackson, Peter}, year={2005} }

@article{Jacques Paviot_2000, title={England and the Mongols (c. 1260-1330)}, volume={10}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25188032}, number={3}, journal={Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society}, author={Jacques Paviot}, year={2000}, pages={305–318} }

@article{Jensen_2000, title={Devils, noble savages, and the iron gate: Thirteenth century European concepts of the Mongols}, volume={6}, journal={Bulletin of International Medieval Research}, author={Jensen, Kurt V.}, year={2000}, pages={1–20} }

@book{John of Salisbury_Chibnall_1956, address={London}, title={Historia pontificalis}, volume={Medieval texts}, publisher={Thomas Nelson and Sons}, author={John of Salisbury and Chibnall, Marjorie}, year={1956} }

@book{Johns_2003, address={Manchester}, title={Noblewomen, aristocracy and power in the twelfth-century Anglo-Norman realm}, volume={Gender in history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719063046.001.0001}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Johns, Susan M.}, year={2003} }

@book{Jones_Dimbleby_1981, address={Oxford}, title={The Environment of man: the Iron Age to the Anglo-Saxon period}, volume={BAR British series}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=0182e868-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={B.A.R.}, author={Jones, Martin and Dimbleby, G. W.}, year={1981} }

@book{Justice_American Council of Learned Societies_1994, address={Berkeley}, title={Writing and rebellion: England in 1381}, volume={27}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01212}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Justice, Steven and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1994} }

@book{Kẹdar_1992, address={Jerusalem}, title={The Horns of Ḥaṭṭīn}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4202c5b4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi}, author={Kẹdar, B. Z.}, year={1992} }

@inbook{Kedar_2014, address={Princeton, NJ}, title={The subjected Muslims of the Frankish Levant}, volume={Princeton legacy library}, url={http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1700455}, booktitle={Muslims under Latin rule, 1100-1300}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Kedar, Benjamin Z.}, editor={Powell, James M.}, year={2014}, pages={135–174} }

@book{Keen_1999, address={Oxford}, title={Medieval warfare: a history}, url={http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=44526&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Keen, Maurice Hugh}, year={1999} }

@book{Kennedy_1986, address={London}, title={The Prophet and the age of the Caliphates: the Islamic Near East from the sixth to the eleventh century}, publisher={Longman}, author={Kennedy, Hugh}, year={1986} }

@article{Kieckhefer_1974, title={Radical tendencies in the flagellant movement of the fourteenth century}, volume={1974}, url={https://www.academia.edu/8288752/Radical_tendencies_in_the_flagellant_movement_of_the_mid_fourteenth_century}, journal={Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies}, author={Kieckhefer, Richard}, year={1974}, pages={157–176} }

@article{Kilpi_2017, title={The Role of Lesser Aristocratic Women in Twelfth-century Yorkshire Society — The Rumilly, Arches, and St Quentin Charters}, volume={54}, DOI={10.1080/0078172X.2017.1340244}, number={2}, journal={Northern History}, author={Kilpi, Hanna I.}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={133–148} }

@article{Kim_2014, title={Globalizing Imperium: Thirteenth-Century Perspectives on the Mongols}, volume={11}, DOI={10.1111/lic3.12155}, number={7}, journal={Literature Compass}, author={Kim, Margaret}, year={2014}, pages={472–483} }

@article{Kirsten I. Bos,Verena J. Schuenemann,G. Brian Golding,Hernan A. Burbano,Nicholas Waglechner,Brian K. Coombes, title={A draft genome of Yersinia pestis from victims of the Black Death}, DOI={10.1038/nature10549}, journal={Nature}, author={Kirsten I. Bos,Verena J. Schuenemann,G. Brian Golding,Hernan A. Burbano,Nicholas Waglechner,Brian K. Coombes} }

@book{Kristeller_Mooney_1979, address={New York}, title={Renaissance thought and its sources}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=43dfdaea-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Kristeller, Paul Oskar and Mooney, Michael}, year={1979} }

@book{Lambert_2002, address={Oxford}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Medieval heresy: popular movements from the Gregorian reform to the Reformation}, publisher={Blackwell Publishers}, author={Lambert, Malcolm}, year={2002} }

@book{Langmuir_1990, address={Berkley}, title={History, religion and antisemitism}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Langmuir, Gavin I.}, year={1990} }

@book{Langmuir_1996, address={Berkeley}, title={Toward a definition of antisemitism}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.06460}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Langmuir, Gavin I.}, year={1996} }

@book{Lawrence_2001, address={Harlow}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Medieval monasticism: forms of religious life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1733957}, publisher={Longman}, author={Lawrence, C. H.}, year={2001} }

@book{Le Goff_1984, address={London}, title={The birth of purgatory}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=9fac804d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Scolar Press}, author={Le Goff, Jacques}, year={1984} }

@book{Le Patourel_1976, address={Oxford}, title={The Norman Empire}, publisher={Clarendon Press}, author={Le Patourel, John}, year={1976} }

@book{Lekai_1977, address={Kent, Ohio}, title={The Cistercians: ideals and reality}, publisher={Kent State University Press}, author={Lekai, Louis Julius}, year={1977} }

@book{Levin_1989, address={Ithaca, NY}, title={Sex and society in the world of the orthodox Slavs, 900-1700}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/vq27zn61z}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Levin, Eve}, year={1989} }

@book{Leyser_1996, address={London}, title={Medieval women: a social history of women in England, 450-1500}, publisher={Phoenix}, author={Leyser, Henrietta}, year={1996} }

@book{Leyser_1982, address={London}, title={Medieval Germany and its neighbours, 900-1250}, publisher={Hambledon Press}, author={Leyser, Karl J.}, year={1982} }

@book{Leyser_Reuter_1994, address={London}, title={Communications and power in medieval Europe: the Carolingian and Ottonian centuries}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=436679}, publisher={Hambledon Press}, author={Leyser, Karl J. and Reuter, Timothy}, year={1994} }

@article{Little_2011, title={Plague Historians in Lab Coats*}, volume={213}, DOI={10.1093/pastj/gtr014}, number={1}, journal={Past & Present}, author={Little, L. K.}, year={2011}, month={Nov}, pages={267–290} }

@book{Little_2017, address={Manchester}, title={Indispensable immigrants: the wine porters of northern Italy and their saint, 1200-1800}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Little, Lester K.}, year={2017} }

@book{Little_Rosenwein_1998, address={Oxford}, title={Debating the Middle Ages: issues and readings}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5aa876db-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Blackwell Publishers}, author={Little, Lester K. and Rosenwein, Barbara H.}, year={1998} }

@book{Squatriti_2007, address={Washington, D.C.}, title={The complete works of Liudprand of Cremona}, publisher={Catholic University of America Press}, author={Liudprand and Squatriti, Paolo}, year={2007} }

@book{Logan_2005, address={New York, N.Y.}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Vikings in history}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1542525}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Logan, Donald F.}, year={2005} }

@article{LoPrete_2007, title={Women, Gender and Lordship in France, c.1050–1250}, volume={5}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-0542.2007.00474.x}, number={6}, journal={History Compass}, author={LoPrete, Kimberly A.}, year={2007}, month={Nov}, pages={1921–1941} }

@book{Loud_2000, address={Harlow}, title={The age of Robert Guiscard: southern Italy and the Norman conquest}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1733990}, publisher={Longman}, author={Loud, G. A.}, year={2000} }

@book{Loud_2007, address={Cambridge}, title={The Latin Church in Norman Italy}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Loud, G. A.}, year={2007} }

@book{Loud_2012, address={Manchester}, title={Roger II and the making of the Kingdom of Sicily}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112750/9781526112750.xml}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Loud, G. A.}, year={2012} }

@article{Loud, title={How ‘Norman’ was the Norman Conquest of Southern Italy?}, volume={25}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1299579428/fulltext/6062EBDC98034D18PQ/1?accountid=14540}, journal={Nottingham Medieval StudiesNottingham Mediaeval Studies (1957-1978);Nottingham Medieval Studies}, publisher={University of Nottingham}, author={Loud, G A}, pages={13–22} }

@book{Loud_Metcalfe_2002, address={Leiden}, title={The society of Norman Italy}, volume={The medieval Mediterranean}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9789047401469}, publisher={Brill}, author={Loud, G. A. and Metcalfe, A.}, year={2002} }

@book{Loud_Wiedemann_1998, address={Manchester}, title={The history of the tyrants of Sicily by ‘Hugo Falcandus’, 1154-69}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112620/9781526112620.xml}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Loud, G. A. and Wiedemann, Thomas}, year={1998} }

@book{Lynch_2014, address={London}, edition={Second edition}, title={The medieval church: a brief history}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1744139}, publisher={Longman}, author={Lynch, Joseph H.}, year={2014} }

@book{MacEvitt_2008, address={Philadelphia, Pennsylvania}, title={The crusades and the Christian world of the east: rough tolerance}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={MacEvitt, Christopher Hatch}, year={2008} }

@book{Madden_2002a, address={Oxford}, title={The Crusades: the essential readings}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Madden, Thomas F.}, year={2002} }

@book{Madden_2002b, address={Oxford}, title={The Crusades: the essential readings}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Madden, Thomas F.}, year={2002} }

@book{Madden_2002c, address={Oxford}, title={The Crusades: the essential readings}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Madden, Thomas F.}, year={2002} }

@book{Malaterra_Wolf_2005, address={Ann Arbor, Mich}, title={The deeds of Count Roger of Calabria and Sicily and of his brother Duke Robert Guiscard}, publisher={University of Michigan Press}, author={Malaterra, Goffredo and Wolf, Kenneth Baxter}, year={2005} }

@book{Mango_2002, address={Oxford}, title={The Oxford history of Byzantium}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780191656804}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Mango, Cyril A.}, year={2002} }

@book{Martin_2007, address={Cambridge}, edition={Second edition}, title={Medieval Russia: 980-1584}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511811074}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Martin, Janet}, year={2007} }

@book{Matthew_1966, address={London}, title={The Norman Conquest}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=5af0c99c-b644-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Batsford}, author={Matthew, Donald}, year={1966} }

@book{Matthew_1992, address={Cambridge}, title={The Norman kingdom of Sicily}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=a0ac804d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Matthew, Donald}, year={1992} }

@book{May_2012, address={London}, title={The Mongol conquests in world history}, publisher={Reaktion}, author={May, Timothy Michael}, year={2012} }

@article{Mayer_1978a, title={Latins, Muslims and Greeks in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem}, volume={63}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-229X.1978.tb02360.x}, number={208}, journal={History}, author={Mayer, Hans Eberhard}, year={1978}, month={Jun}, pages={175–192} }

@article{Mayer_1978b, title={Latins, Muslims and Greeks in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem}, volume={63}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-229X.1978.tb02360.x}, number={208}, journal={History}, author={Mayer, Hans Eberhard}, year={1978}, month={Jun}, pages={175–192} }

@book{Mayr-Harting_1991, address={London}, edition={3rd ed}, title={The coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=14b06d32-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={B.T. Batsford}, author={Mayr-Harting, Henry}, year={1991} }

@book{McKitterick_1994, address={Cambridge}, title={Carolingian culture: emulation and innovation}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1994} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995a, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick_1995a, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995b, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362917}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995c, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362924}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995d, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521364478}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995e, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995f, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick, Rosamond_1995g, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@book{McKitterick_1995b, address={Cambridge}, title={The new Cambridge medieval history}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={McKitterick, Rosamond}, year={1995} }

@article{McNamara, title={The Power of Women Through the Family in Medieval Europe: 500-1100}, volume={1}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1566483}, number={3}, journal={Feminist StudiesFeminist Studies}, publisher={Feminist Studies.}, author={McNamara, Jo Ann} }

@article{McNamara, Jo AnnWemple, Suzanne, title={The Power of Women Through the Family in Medieval Europe: 500-1100}, volume={1}, url={https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/docview/1295931370?pq-origsite=summon}, journal={Feminist Studies}, author={McNamara, Jo AnnWemple, Suzanne} }

@article{Melve_2015, title={Ecclesiastical Reform in Historiographical Context}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1111/hic3.12232}, number={5}, journal={History Compass}, author={Melve, Leidulf}, year={2015}, month={May}, pages={213–221} }

@book{Miller_2005, address={Boston, Mass}, title={Power and the holy in the age of the investiture conflict: a brief history with documents}, volume={The Bedford series in history and culture}, publisher={Bedford/St. Martins}, author={Miller, Maureen C.}, year={2005} }

@article{Miller_2009, title={The Crisis in the Investiture Crisis Narrative}, volume={7}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00645.x}, number={6}, journal={History Compass}, author={Miller, Maureen C.}, year={2009}, pages={1570–1580} }

@article{MØLLER JENSEN_2003, title={Peregrinatio sive expeditio: Why the First Crusade was not a Pilgrimage}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1080/0950311032000117449}, number={2}, journal={Al-Masaq}, author={MØLLER JENSEN, JANUS}, year={2003}, month={Sep}, pages={119–137} }

@book{Moore_2003, address={Leiden}, title={Pope Innocent III (1160/61-1216): to root up and to plant}, publisher={Brill}, author={Moore, John C.}, year={2003} }

@book{Moore_1975, address={London}, title={The birth of popular heresy}, volume={1}, publisher={Edward Arnold}, author={Moore, R. I.}, year={1975} }

@book{Moore_1994, address={Toronto}, title={The origins of European dissent}, volume={30}, publisher={University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America}, author={Moore, R. I.}, year={1994} }

@book{Moore_2000a, address={Oxford}, title={The first European revolution, c. 970-1215}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Moore, R. I.}, year={2000} }

@book{Moore_2000b, address={Oxford}, title={The first European revolution, c. 970-1215}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Moore, R. I.}, year={2000} }

@book{Moore_2007, address={Malden, MA}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The formation of a persecuting society: authority and deviance in Western Europe, 950-1250}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781405172424}, publisher={Blackwell Publishing}, author={Moore, R. I.}, year={2007} }

@book{Moore_Frassetto_2006, address={Leiden}, title={Heresy and the persecuting society in the Middle Ages: essays on the work of R.I. Moore}, volume={Studies in the history of Christian traditions}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9789047409489}, publisher={Brill}, author={Moore, R. I. and Frassetto, Michael}, year={2006} }

@book{Morgan_2007, address={Malden, Mass}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The Mongols}, volume={The peoples of Europe}, publisher={Blackwell Publishing}, author={Morgan, David}, year={2007} }

@book{Morris_1989, address={Oxford [Oxfordshire]}, title={The papal monarchy: the Western church from 1050 to 1250}, volume={Oxford history of the Christian Church}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01523}, publisher={Clarendon Press}, author={Morris, Colin}, year={1989} }

@book{Morris_1991, address={Oxford}, title={The papal monarchy: the Western church from 1050 to 1250}, volume={Oxford history of the Christian Church}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/0198269250.001.0001/acprof-9780198269250}, DOI={10.1093/0198269250.001.0001}, publisher={Clarendon}, author={Morris, Colin}, year={1991}, month={Jul} }

@book{Mortimer_2009, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={Edward the Confessor: the man and the legend}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Mortimer, Richard}, year={2009} }

@article{Munro_1906, title={The Speech of Pope Urban II. At Clermont, 1095}, volume={11}, DOI={10.2307/1834642}, number={2}, journal={The American Historical Review}, author={Munro, Dana Carleton}, year={1906}, month={Jan} }

@book{Munz_1969, address={Ithaca, N.Y.}, title={Frederick Barbarossa: a study in medieval politics}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Munz, Peter}, year={1969} }

@inbook{Murray_1997, address={Woodbridge}, title={How Norman was the Principality of Antioch? Prolegomena to a study of the origins of the nobility of a crusader state}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=608e81bd-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, booktitle={Family trees and the roots of politics: the prosopography of Britain and France from the tenth to the twelfth century}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Murray, Alan V.}, year={1997}, pages={349–359} }

@inbook{Murray_2011, address={Abingdon, Oxon}, title={National identity, language and conflict in the crusades to the Holy Land, 1096-1192}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203841976}, booktitle={The Crusades and the Near East}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Murray, Alan V.}, editor={Kostick, Conor}, year={2011}, pages={107–130} }

@book{Nestor_1953, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={The Russian primary chronicle: Laurentian text}, volume={no.60}, publisher={Mediaeval Academy of America}, author={Nestor}, editor={Cross, Samuel H. and Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Olgerd P.}, year={1953} }

@book{Nicholson, Helen J._2005, address={Basingstoke, Hampshire}, title={Palgrave advances in the Crusades}, volume={Palgrave advances}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780230524095}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Nicholson, Helen J.}, year={2005} }

@inbook{Noonan_2000, address={Cambridge}, title={European Russia, c. 500–c. 1050}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/CBO9781139055727A025/type/book_part}, DOI={10.1017/CHOL9780521364478.020}, booktitle={The New Cambridge Medieval History}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Noonan, Thomas S.}, editor={Reuter, Timothy}, year={2000}, pages={485–513} }

@book{Obolensky_1973, title={The Byzantine commonwealth: Eastern Europe, 500-1453}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/p2676v88r}, author={Obolensky, Dimitri}, year={1973} }

@book{Palmer_Hoyland_Brock_1993, address={Liverpool}, title={The seventh century in the West-Syrian chronicles}, volume={Translated texts for historians}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://online.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/book/10.3828/978-0-85323-238-4}, publisher={Liverpool University Press}, author={Palmer, Andrew and Hoyland, Robert G. and Brock, Sebastian P.}, year={1993} }

@article{Peleggi_2001, title={Shifting Alterity: The Mongol in the Visual and Literary Culture of the Late Middle Ages }, volume={4}, DOI={10.1177/097194580100400102}, number={1}, journal={The Medieval History Journal}, author={Peleggi, M.}, year={2001}, pages={15–33} }

@book{Peters_1998, address={Philadelphia}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The First Crusade: the chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres and other source materials}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Peters, Edward}, year={1998} }

@inbook{Phillips_1998, title={Europe and the Mongol invasions}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001/acprof-9780198207405-chapter-4}, DOI={10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.003.0004}, booktitle={The Medieval Expansion of Europe}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Phillips, J. R. S.}, year={1998}, month={Oct}, pages={55–77} }

@book{Phillips_University of London_1997, address={Manchester}, title={The First Crusade: origins and impact}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=64005808-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Phillips, Jonathan and University of London}, year={1997} }

@book{Phillips_2013, address={London}, title={A cultural history of women in the Middle Ages}, volume={A cultural history of women}, publisher={Bloomsbury}, author={Phillips, Kim M.}, year={2013} }

@book{Polo_1958, address={London}, title={The travels of Marco Polo}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Polo, Marco}, editor={Latham, Ronald}, year={1958} }

@book{Powell_1994, address={Washington, D.C.}, edition={2nd, expanded ed}, title={Innocent III: vicar of Christ or Lord of the world?}, publisher={Catholic University of America Press}, author={Powell, James M.}, year={1994} }

@book{Powell_2004, address={Washington, D.C.}, title={The deeds of Pope Innocent III}, publisher={Catholic University of America Press}, author={Powell, James M.}, year={2004} }

@book{Powell_2014, address={Princeton, NJ}, title={Muslims under Latin rule, 1100-1300}, volume={Princeton legacy library}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1700455}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Powell, James M.}, year={2014} }

@book{Prawer_1980a, address={Oxford}, title={Crusader institutions}, publisher={Clarendon}, author={Prawer, Joshua}, year={1980} }

@book{Prawer_1980b, address={Oxford}, title={Crusader institutions}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=0282e868-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Clarendon}, author={Prawer, Joshua}, year={1980} }

@inbook{Prawer_1985, address={Madison}, title={Social Classes in the Crusader States: The ‘Minorities’}, url={http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=article&did=History.CrusFive.i0016&id=History.CrusFive&isize=M}, booktitle={A History of the Crusades, vol. 5: The impact of the Crusades on the Near East}, author={Prawer, Joshua}, editor={Setton, Kenneth Meyer and Zacour, Norman P. and Hazard, Harry W.}, year={1985}, pages={59–116} }

@book{Prawer_1988, address={Oxford}, title={The history of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b1d05847-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Clarendon}, author={Prawer, Joshua}, year={1988} }

@article{Prazniak_2010, title={Siena on the Silk Roads: Ambrogio Lorenzetti and the Mongol Global Century, 1250–1350}, volume={21}, DOI={10.1353/jwh.0.0123}, number={2}, journal={Journal of World History}, author={Prazniak, Roxann}, year={2010}, pages={177–217} }

@book{Pryor_2006, address={Aldershot, Hants}, title={Logistics of warfare in the Age of the Crusades: proceedings of a workshop held at the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Sydney, 30 September to 4 October 2002}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=42dfdaea-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Pryor, John H.}, year={2006} }

@book{Purkis_2008, address={Woodbridge}, title={Crusading spirituality in the Holy Land and Iberia, c.1095-c.1187}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781846156243}, publisher={Boydell & Brewer}, author={Purkis, William J.}, year={2008} }

@article{R. I. Moore_1997, title={The Birth of Europe as a Eurasian Phenomenon}, volume={31}, DOI={10.1017/S0026749X00017078}, number={3}, journal={Modern Asian Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={R. I. Moore}, year={1997}, pages={583–601} }

@book{Reuter_Nelson_2006, address={Cambridge}, title={Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511497216}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Reuter, Timothy and Nelson, Janet L.}, year={2006} }

@article{Reynolds_2003, title={Fiefs and vassals in twelfth-century Jerusalem: a view from the West}, volume={1}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5774f7c4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, journal={Crusades}, author={Reynolds, Susan}, year={2003} }

@article{Ricketts_2003, title={Widows, Religious Patronage and Family Identity: Some cases from Twelfth-Century Yorkshire}, volume={14}, journal={Haskins Society Journal}, author={Ricketts, Philadelphia}, year={2003} }

@book{Ridyard_Sewanee Mediaeval Colloquium_2004, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={The medieval crusade}, volume={Sewanee mediaeval studies}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4ad97600-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Ridyard, Susan J. and Sewanee Mediaeval Colloquium}, year={2004} }

@book{Riley-Smith_1973a, address={London}, title={The feudal nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1973} }

@book{Riley-Smith_1973b, address={London}, title={The feudal nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1973} }

@book{Riley-Smith_1973c, address={London}, title={The feudal nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=15b06d32-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1973} }

@book{Riley-Smith_1986, address={Philadelphia, PA}, title={The First Crusade and the idea of crusading}, volume={Middle Ages series}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=436855}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1986} }

@book{Riley-Smith_1997a, address={Cambridge}, title={The first crusaders, 1095-1131}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1997} }

@book{Riley-Smith_1997b, address={Cambridge}, title={The first crusaders, 1095-1131}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=1cce7539-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1997} }

@book{Riley-Smith_Riley-Smith_1981, address={London}, title={The crusades: idea and reality, 1095-1274}, publisher={E. Arnold}, author={Riley-Smith, Louise and Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher}, year={1981} }

@book{Roach_2005, address={Harlow}, title={The devil’s world: heresy and society 1100-1300}, publisher={Pearson Longman}, author={Roach, Andrew P.}, year={2005} }

@book{Robinson_1990, address={Cambridge}, title={The papacy 1073-1198: continuity and innovation}, volume={Cambridge medieval textbooks}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=c5cb3b17-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Robinson, I. S.}, year={1990} }

@book{Robinson_1999, address={Cambridge}, title={Henry IV of Germany: 1056-1106}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Robinson, I. S.}, year={1999} }

@book{Robinson_2004, address={Manchester}, title={The papal reform of the eleventh century: lives of Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII}, volume={Manchester medieval sources series}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112668/9781526112668.xml}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Robinson, I. S.}, year={2004} }

@book{Roesdahl_1998, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The Vikings}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=8c179025-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Roesdahl, Else}, year={1998} }

@book{Rogerius_2010, address={Budapest}, edition={English ed}, title={Gesta Hungarorum}, volume={Central European medieval texts}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319}, publisher={Central European University Press}, author={Rogerius}, editor={Rady, Martyn C. and Veszprémy, László and Bak, János M.}, year={2010} }

@book{Rollason_2014, address={London}, title={Early medieval Europe 300-1050: the birth of Western society}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1694356}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Rollason, D. W.}, year={2014} }

@book{Rosenwein_1989, address={Ithaca, N.Y.}, title={To be the neighbor of Saint Peter: the social meaning of Cluny’s property}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3c93cbf9-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cornell University Press}, author={Rosenwein, Barbara H.}, year={1989} }

@article{Royal Historical Society (Great Britain)_Cambridge University Press_1872, address={London}, title={Transactions of the Royal Historical Society}, publisher={Royal Historical Society}, author={Royal Historical Society (Great Britain) and Cambridge University Press}, year={1872} }

@article{Samuel K. Cohn, Jr._2007, title={The Black Death and the Burning of Jews}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25096679}, number={196}, journal={Past & Present}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Samuel K. Cohn, Jr.}, year={2007}, pages={3–36} }

@book{Sarris_2011, address={Oxford}, title={Empires of faith: the fall of Rome to the rise of Islam, 500-700}, volume={The Oxford history of Medieval Europe}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261260.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Sarris, Peter}, year={2011} }

@book{Saul_1994, address={London}, title={England in Europe 1066-1453}, volume={A history today book}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4102c5b4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Collins & Brown}, author={Saul, Nigel}, year={1994} }

@book{Sawyer_1997, address={Oxford}, title={The Oxford illustrated history of the Vikings}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=1dce7539-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Sawyer, P. H.}, year={1997} }

@book{Sayers_1994, address={London}, title={Innocent III: leader of Europe 1198-1216}, volume={The medieval world}, publisher={Longman}, author={Sayers, Jane E.}, year={1994} }

@article{Searle_1980, title={Women and the Legitimisation of succession at the Norman Conquest’, pp. 159-170, 226-229}, volume={3}, journal={Anglo-Norman Studies}, author={Searle, E.}, year={1980}, pages={159-170-226–229} }

@book{Searle_1988, address={Berkeley}, title={Predatory kinship and the creation of Norman power 840-1066}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Searle, Eleanor}, year={1988} }

@book{Shahar_2003, address={London}, edition={Rev. ed}, title={The fourth estate: a history of women in the Middle Ages}, url={http://www.GLA.eblib.com/EBLWeb/patron/?target=patron&extendedid=E_338034_0}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Shahar, Shulamith}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Shepard_2006, address={Cambridge}, title={The origins of Rus’ (c.900–1015)}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/CBO9781139054102A007/type/book_part}, DOI={10.1017/CHOL9780521812276.004}, booktitle={The Cambridge History of Russia}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Shepard, Jonathan}, editor={Perrie, Maureen}, year={2006}, pages={45–72} }

@inbook{Shepard_2007, title={Rus’}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/reader.action?docID=328932&ppg=385}, booktitle={Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy : Scandinavia, Central Europe and Rus’ c.900–1200}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Shepard, Jonathan}, editor={Berend, Nora}, year={2007}, pages={369–416} }

@book{Sibly_Sibly_Petrus Sarnensis_1998, address={Woodbridge}, title={The history of the Albigensian Crusade: Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay’s Historia Albigensis}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=fe8b2fae-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Sibly, W. A. and Sibly, M. D. and Petrus Sarnensis}, year={1998} }

@inbook{Sinor_1975, address={London & Madison}, title={The Mongols and Western Europe}, url={http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=article&did=History.CrusThree.i0027&id=History.CrusThree&isize=M}, booktitle={A history of the Crusades, vol. III}, publisher={University of Wisconsin Press}, author={Sinor, Denis}, editor={Setton, Kenneth Meyer}, year={1975}, pages={513–544} }

@book{Skinner_Van Houts_2011, address={London}, title={Medieval writings on secular women}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Skinner, Patricia and Van Houts, Elisabeth M. C.}, year={2011} }

@article{Slitt_2012, title={The Boundaries of Women’s Power: Gender and the Discourse of Political Friendship in Twelfth-Century England}, volume={24}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-0424.2011.01665.x}, number={1}, journal={Gender & History}, author={Slitt, Rebecca}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={1–17} }

@book{Somerville_Oxford University Press_2011, address={Oxford}, title={Pope Urban II’s Council of Piacenza}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199258598.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Somerville, Robert and Oxford University Press}, year={2011} }

@article{Sorokin_1994, title={Some results of the study of medieval boatbuilding traditions in north-west Russia}, volume={23}, DOI={10.1111/j.1095-9270.1994.tb00452.x}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Nautical Archaeology}, author={Sorokin, Pjotr}, year={1994}, month={May}, pages={129–139} }

@book{Stafford_1989, address={London}, title={Unification and conquest: a political and social history of England in the tenth and eleventh centuries}, publisher={Edward Arnold}, author={Stafford, Pauline}, year={1989} }

@book{Stafford_2009, address={Chichester}, title={A companion to the early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c.500-1100}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781444311013}, publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}, author={Stafford, Pauline}, year={2009} }

@article{Stein-Wilkeshuis_2002, title={Scandinavians swearing oaths in tenth-century Russia: Pagans and Christians}, volume={28}, DOI={10.1016/S0304-4181(02)00003-9}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Medieval History}, author={Stein-Wilkeshuis, Martina}, year={2002}, pages={155–168} }

@book{Story_2005, address={Manchester}, title={Charlemagne: empire and society}, publisher={Manchester University Press}, author={Story, Joanna}, year={2005} }

@book{Stow_1994, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Alienated minority: the Jews of Medieval Latin Europe}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Stow, Kenneth R.}, year={1994} }

@article{Strack, Georg_2012, title={The Sermon of Urban II in Clermont and the Tradition of Papal Oratory}, DOI={10.1179/1366069112Z.0000000002}, journal={Medieval Sermon Studies}, author={Strack, Georg}, year={2012}, pages={30–45} }

@book{Stroll_2004, address={Leiden}, title={Calixtus II (1119-1124): a pope born to rule}, volume={Studies in the history of Christian traditions}, publisher={Brill}, author={Stroll, Mary}, year={2004} }

@book{Swanson_Ecclesiastical History Society_2000, address={Woodbridge, Suffolk}, title={The Holy Land, holy lands, and Christian history: papers read at the 1998 Summer Meeting and the 1999 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society}, volume={Studies in church history}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=413820f3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Published for the Ecclesiastical History Society by the Boydell Press}, author={Swanson, R. N. and Ecclesiastical History Society}, year={2000} }

@inbook{Sweeney_1994, title={Identifying the medieval refugee: Hungarians in flight during the Mongol invasion}, booktitle={Forms of Identity. Definitions and Changes}, author={Sweeney, James Ross}, editor={Löb, Ladislaus and Petrovics, István and Szınyi, György E.}, year={1994}, pages={63–76} }

@inbook{Synan_1989, address={Toronto}, title={The Popes’ "other sheep”}, volume={8}, booktitle={The Religious roles of the papacy: ideals and realities 1150- 1300}, publisher={Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies}, author={Synan, E. A.}, editor={Ryan, Christopher}, year={1989} }

@book{Thomson_1998, address={London}, title={The Western church in the Middle Ages}, publisher={Arnold}, author={Thomson, John A. F.}, year={1998} }

@book{Tierney_Medieval Academy of America_1988, address={Toronto}, title={The crisis of church and state, 1050-1300}, volume={Medieval Academy reprints for teaching}, publisher={University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America}, author={Tierney, Brian and Medieval Academy of America}, year={1988} }

@book{Tyerman_2006a, address={London}, title={God’s war: a new history of the Crusades}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780141904313}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Tyerman, Christopher}, year={2006} }

@book{Tyerman_2006b, address={London}, title={God’s war: a new history of the Crusades}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Tyerman, Christopher}, year={2006} }

@book{Tyerman_2006c, address={London}, title={God’s war: a new history of the Crusades}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=63005808-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Tyerman, Christopher}, year={2006} }

@book{Tyerman, Christopher_2012, address={London}, title={Chronicles of the First Crusade 1096-1099}, volume={Penguin Classics}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Tyerman, Christopher}, year={2012} }

@book{Ullman_American Council of Learned Societies_1962, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The growth of Papal government in the Middle Ages: a study in the ideological relation of clerical to lay power}, volume={History e-book project}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01079}, publisher={Methuen}, author={Ullman, Walter and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1962} }

@book{Ullmann_1972, address={London}, title={A short history of the Papacy in the Middle Ages}, publisher={Methuen}, author={Ullmann, Walter}, year={1972} }

@book{University of Pennsylvania_1895, title={Translations and reprints from the original sources of European history}, volume={Vol 1:2}, url={https://archive.org/stream/urbanandcrusade00munrgoog#page/n4/mode/2up}, author={University of Pennsylvania}, year={1895} }

@book{University of Pennsylvania_1897, address={Philadelphia}, title={Translations and reprints from the original sources of European history}, author={University of Pennsylvania}, year={1897} }

@book{Usamah ibn Munqidh_2008, address={London}, title={The book of contemplation: Islam and the Crusades}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Usamah ibn Munqidh}, editor={Cobb, Paul M.}, year={2008} }

@article{Vernadsky, George_1941, title={The Status of the Russian Church during the first Half-Century following Vladimir’s Conversion}, volume={20}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1293647181?pq-origsite=summon}, journal={Slavonic Year-Book}, author={Vernadsky, George}, year={1941} }

@article{Vernadsky_1944, title={Three Notes on the Social History of Kievan Russia}, volume={3}, DOI={10.2307/3020189}, number={4}, journal={Slavonic and East European Review. American Series}, author={Vernadsky, George}, year={1944}, month={Dec} }

@article{Vernadsky_1951, title={The Royal Serfs (Servi Regales) of the `Ruthenian Law’ and Their Origin}, volume={26}, DOI={10.2307/2852405}, number={2}, journal={Speculum}, author={Vernadsky, George}, year={1951}, month={Apr}, pages={255–264} }

@book{Vernadsky_1979, address={New York}, title={Medieval Russian laws}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/nv935320p}, publisher={Octagon Books}, author={Vernadsky, George}, year={1979} }

@article{Voegelin_1941, title={The Mongol orders of submission to European powers, 1245–1255}, volume={15}, url={https://www.jstor.org/stable/44168533}, journal={Byzantion}, author={Voegelin, E.}, year={1941}, pages={378–413} }

@book{Walker_1995, address={Oxford, UK}, title={The Normans in Britain}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Walker, David}, year={1995} }

@book{Wallerstein_1974, address={New York}, title={The modern world-system, vol. I: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.31242}, author={Wallerstein, Immanuel Maurice}, year={1974} }

@book{Walter_Schofield_1989, address={Cambridge}, title={Famine, disease and the social order in early modern society}, volume={Cambridge studies in population, economy and society in past time}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=618e81bd-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Walter, John and Schofield, R. S.}, year={1989} }

@book{Webber_2005, address={Suffolk}, title={The evolution of Norman identity, 911-1154}, publisher={Boydell Press}, author={Webber, Nick}, year={2005} }

@book{Wickham_2009a, address={London}, title={The inheritance of Rome: a history of Europe from 400 to 1000}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Wickham, Chris}, year={2009} }

@book{Wickham_2009b, address={London}, title={The inheritance of Rome: a history of Europe from 400 to 1000}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=48989054-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Wickham, Chris}, year={2009} }

@book{William_Babcock_Krey_American Council of Learned Societies_1943, address={New York}, title={A history of deeds done beyond the sea}, volume={Records of civilization, sources and studies}, url={http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.06057}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={William and Babcock, Emily Atwater and Krey, August C. and American Council of Learned Societies}, year={1943} }

@book{Williams_1995a, address={Woodbridge}, title={The English and the Norman Conquest}, publisher={Boydell}, author={Williams, Ann}, year={1995} }

@book{Williams_1995b, address={Woodbridge}, title={The English and the Norman Conquest}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=c4cb3b17-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Boydell}, author={Williams, Ann}, year={1995} }

@book{Wilson_2015, address={New Haven, Connecticut}, edition={Fourth edition}, title={The Ukrainians: unexpected nation}, url={https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300219654}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Wilson, Andrew}, year={2015} }

@book{Wilson_1992, address={London}, title={Anglo-Saxon paganism}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4bd97600-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Wilson, David Raoul}, year={1992} }

@book{Wolf_1995, address={Philadelphia}, title={Making history: the Normans and their historians in eleventh-century Italy}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania Press}, author={Wolf, Kenneth Baxter}, year={1995} }

@book{Wood_2005, address={London}, edition={Pbk. ed}, title={In search of the Dark Ages}, url={https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b88b9e40-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099}, publisher={BBC Books}, author={Wood, Michael}, year={2005} }

@misc{Turner_1880, address={New York}, title={Einhard: The Life of Charlemagne}, url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/einhard.asp}, publisher={Harper & Brothers}, year={1880} }

@book{Dmytryshyn_1973, address={New York}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Medieval Russia: a source book, 900-1700}, publisher={Holt, Rinehart and Winston}, year={1973} }

@book{Duĭchev_1985, address={Boulder}, title={Kiril and Methodius: founders of Slavonic writing : a collection of sources and critical studies}, volume={no.172}, publisher={East European Monographs}, year={1985} }

@book{Helle_2003, address={Cambridge}, title={The Cambridge History of Scandinavia: Volume 1: Prehistory to 1520}, volume={The Cambridge History of Scandinavia}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521472999}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, year={2003} }

@book{Noble_Smith_2008, address={Cambridge}, title={The Cambridge History of Christianity: Volume 3: Early Medieval Christianities, c.600-c.1100}, volume={Cambridge History of Christianity}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521817752}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, year={2008} }

@book{Shepard_2009a, address={Cambridge}, title={The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500́ђأ1492}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521832311}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, year={2009} }

@book{Shepard_2009b, address={Cambridge}, title={The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500́ђأ1492}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521832311}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, year={2009} }

@book{Birkedal Bruun_2012, address={Cambridge}, title={The Cambridge Companion to the Cistercian Order}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CCO9780511735899}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, year={2012} }

@book{Pope Alexander III (1159-81): the art of survival_2012, address={Farnham, Surrey, England}, volume={Church, faith, and culture in the medieval West}, publisher={Ashgate}, year={2012} }

@book{Lansing_English_2013, address={Chichester, West Sussex}, edition={Paperback edition}, title={A companion to the Medieval world}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=4305798}, publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}, year={2013} }

@book{Trivellato_Halevi_Antunes_2014, address={New York}, title={Religion and trade: cross-cultural exchanges in world history, 1000-1900}, url={https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199379187.001.0001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, year={2014} }

@book{Caferro_2017, address={London}, title={The Routledge history of the Renaissance}, publisher={Routledge,Taylor & Francis Group}, year={2017} }

@book{Jackson_2017, address={London}, title={The Routledge history of disease}, publisher={Routledge}, year={2017} }

@misc{Medieval Sourcebook: Usmah Ibn Munqidh (1095-1188): Autobiography, excerpts on the Franks, url={http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/Usamah2.asp} }

@misc{Fulcher of Chartres: The Latins in the East (Chronicle, Bk III), url={http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/Fulk3.asp} }

@misc{Medieval Sourcebook: Liudprand of Cremona (c.922-c.972): Embassy to Constantinople, 963 Excerpts., url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/liudprand-embassy-excerpts.asp} }

@misc{The Charter of Charity (Carta Caritatis), url={http://archive.osb.org/cist/charta.html} }

@misc{Western Monasticism after 900, url={https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/sbook1s.asp#Western%20Monasticism%20-%20After%20A.D.%20900} }

@misc{Monasticism to A.D. 900, url={https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/sbook1e.asp#Monasticism to A.D. 900} }

@misc{Foundation Charter of the Monastery of Cluny (909/10), url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/chart-cluny.asp} }

@misc{Monasticism to A.D. 900, url={https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/sbook1e.asp#Monasticism to A.D. 900} }

@misc{Interactive Bayeux Tapestry, url={http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/interactive/BayeuxCreate.htm} }

@misc{Medieval Sourcebook: Urban II (1088-1099): Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095, Five versions of the Speech, url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.asp} }

@misc{Epistolae: Medieval Women’s Letters, url={https://epistolae.ctl.columbia.edu/} }

@misc{Internet History Sourcebooks, url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/guibert-vita.asp#bk1ch7} }

@misc{Medieval Sourcebook: Gregory VII: Dictatus Papae 1090, url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/g7-dictpap.asp} }

@misc{Medieval Sourcebook: Twelfth Ecumenical Council: Lateran IV 1215, url={http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/lateran4.asp} }

Bibliography for History 1B BETA