Bibliography for History 1B BETA

Abulafia, David. 2004. Italy in the Central Middle Ages: 1000-1300. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

———. 2008. The Discovery of Mankind: Atlantic Encounters in the Age of Columbus. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

Abulafia, David, and Nora Berend. 2002a. Medieval Frontiers: Concepts and Practices. Aldershot: Ashgate.

———. 2002b. Medieval Frontiers: Concepts and Practices. Aldershot: Ashgate. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=63c1ea10-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Abu-Lughod, Janet L. 1991. Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250-1350. New York: Oxford University Press.

Aigle, Denise. 2015. The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History. Vol. Iran studies. Leiden: Brill.

Amato, Prescott N. Dunbar, and G. A. Loud. 2004. The History of the Normans. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.

Amt, Emilie. 1993. Women’s Lives in Medieval Europe: A Sourcebook. New York, N.Y.: Routledge.

Angold, Michael. 2001. Byzantium: The Bridge from Antiquity to the Middle Ages. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=d2796562-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Arnold, Benjamin. 1997. Medieval Germany, 500-1300: A Political Interpretation. Houndmills: Macmillan Press.

Asbridge, Thomas S. 2005. The First Crusade: A New History. [New ed.]. London: Free Press.

Baker, Derek. 1973. Relations between East and West in the Middle Ages. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02965.

Barber, Malcolm. 2004. Two Cities: Medieval Europe, 1050-1320. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203645819.

Barber, Malcolm. 2012a. The Crusader States. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3421014.

———. 2012b. The Crusader States. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300189315.

———. 2013. The Cathars: Dualist Heretics in Languedoc in the High Middle Ages. 2nd ed. Vol. The medieval world. Harlow: Pearson. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=81754fcc-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Barber, Malcolm, and A. K. Bate. 2010. Letters from the East: Crusaders, Pilgrims and Settlers in the 12th-13th Centuries. Vol. 18. Farnhamm, Surrey: Ashgate.

Bardsley, Sandy. 2007. Women’s Roles in the Middle Ages. Vol. Women’s roles through history. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Barker, Juliet R. V. 2014. England, Arise: The People, the King and the Great Revolt of 1381. London: Little, Brown.

Barlow, Frank. 1970. Edward the Confessor. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.

———. 1997. Edward the Confessor. Updated ed. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.

———. 1999. The Feudal Kingdom of England, 1042-1216. 5th ed. London: Longman.

———. 2002. The Godwins: The Rise and Fall of a Noble Dynasty. Harlow, Essex: Longman. http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=510684&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth.

Barraclough, Geoffrey. 1992. The Medieval Papacy. Vol. Library of European civilization. London: Thames & Hudson.

Bates, David. 1982. Normandy before 1066. London: Longman.

———. 1989. William the Conqueror. London: George Philip.

———. 2017. William the Conqueror. New Haven: Yale University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300118759.001.0001.

Bates, David, and Anne Curry. 1994. England and Normandy in the Middle Ages. London: Hambledon Press.

Bates, David and Curry, Anne. 1994. England and Normandy in the Middle Ages. London: Hambledon Press. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780826443090.

Becher, Matthias. 2003. Charlemagne. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Bennett, Matthew. 2001. Campaigns of the Norman Conquest. Chicago, Ill: Fitzroy Dearborn.

Bennett, M.K. 1935. ‘British Wheat Yield per Acre for Seven Centuries’. Economic History 3: 12–29. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=4ae42d8e-b544-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Berend, Nora. 2001. At the Gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims, and ‘Pagans’ in Medieval Hungary, c. 1000-c. 1300. Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Berman, Constance H. 2000. The Cistercian Evolution: The Invention of a Religious Order in Twelfth-Century Europe. Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3441632.

Bernau, Anke, Ruth Evans, and Sarah Salih. 2003. Medieval Virginities. Vol. Religion&culture in the Middle Ages. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=52c310e3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Biran, Michal. 2013. ‘The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field’. History Compass 11 (11): 1021–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12095.

———. 2015. ‘The Mongol Empire and Inter-Civilizational Exchange’. In The Cambridge World History, edited by Benjamin Z. Kedar and Merry Wiesner-Hanks, 534–58. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667480.021.

Birkedal Bruun, Mette, ed. 2012. The Cambridge Companion to the Cistercian Order. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CCO9780511735899.

Blumenthal, Uta-Renate. 1988. The Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Bolton, Brenda. 1995. Innocent III: Studies on Papal Authority and Pastoral Care. Vol. Collected studies. Aldershot: Variorum.

Bolton, Brenda, and Anne Duggan. 2003. Adrian IV the English Pope (1154-1159): Studies and Texts. Vol. Church, faith and culture in the Medieval West. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Boso, and Peter Munz. 1973. Boso’s Life of Alexander III. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Bowersock, G. W., Peter Robert Lamont Brown, and Oleg Grabar. 1999. Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b2d05847-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 2001. Interpreting Late Antiquity: Essays on the Postclassical World. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Braudel, Fernand. 1981. The Structures of Everyday Life: The Limits of the Possible. Vol. v. 1. London: Collins.

———. 1982. The Wheels of Commerce. Vol. v. 2. London: Collins.

———. 1984. The Perspective of the World. Vol. v. 3. London: Collins.

Brink, Stefan, and Neil S. Price. 2008. The Viking World. Vol. The Routledge worlds. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=366343.

British Museum. 2014. Vikings: Life and Legend. Edited by Gareth Williams, Peter Pentz, and Matthias Wemhoff. London: British Museum.

Brooke, Christopher Nugent Lawrence. 2002. The Medieval Idea of Marriage. Vol. History e-book project. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01174.

Brown, Peter and Dawson Books. 2013a. The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity AD 200-1000. 10th anniversary rev. ed. Vol. The making of Europe. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781118338810.

———. 2013b. The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity AD 200-1000. 10th anniversary rev. ed. Vol. The making of Europe. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781118338810.

Brown, Peter Robert Lamont. 2003. The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity, AD 200-1000. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.

Brown, R. A. 1994. The Normans. London.

Brown, R. Allen. 1994. The Normans. New ed. Woodbridge, Suffolk UK: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4271665b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Brown, R. Allen and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies. 1979. Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies, 1, 1978. Ipswich: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=80754fcc-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 1982. Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies, IV, 1981. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=f30110d5-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Brubaker, Leslie. 1998. Byzantium in the Ninth Century: Dead or Alive? : Papers from the Thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Birmingham, March 1996. Aldershot: Ashgate. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=423820f3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Bull, Marcus. 1993. ‘The Roots of Lay Enthusiasm for the First Crusade’. History 78 (254): 353–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229X.1993.tb02249.x.

Bullough, Donald A. 1965. The Age of Charlemagne. London: Elek.

Caferro, William, ed. 2017. The Routledge History of the Renaissance. London: Routledge,Taylor & Francis Group.

Campbell, B. M. S. 2016. The Great Transition: Climate, Disease and Society in the Late-Medieval World : The 2013 Ellen McArthur Lectures. Vol. 2013. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Campbell, J. 1973. ‘Observations on the Conversion of England’. The Ampleforth Journal 78 (2): 12–26. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=fd8b2fae-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Campbell, James, Patrick Wormald, and John Eric. 1982. The Anglo-Saxons. Oxford: Phaidon. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=65005808-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Campbell, Mary B. 1988. ‘The Utter East: Merchant and Missionary Travels during the ‘Mongol Peace’’. In The Witness and the Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 400-1600, History e-book project:87–121. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03193.

Charles Burns. 1997. ‘The Popes and the Jews: From Gelasius I to Julius III (492-1555)’. The Catholic Historical Review 83 (1): 75–85. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25024884.

Chazan, Robert. 2004. Fashioning Jewish Identity in Medieval Western Christendom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cheyette, Frederic L. 1999. ‘Women, Poets, and Politics in Occitania’. In Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, 138–77. University of Pennsylvania Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/reader.action?docID=3441524&ppg=149.

Chibnall, Marjorie. 1986. Anglo-Norman England, 1066-1166. New York: Basil Blackwell. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=d1796562-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 1999. The Debate on the Norman Conquest. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Cipolla, Carlo M. 1972. The Middle Ages. Vol. The Fontana economic history of Europe. London: Fontana. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b922761d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Clark, James G. 2011. The Benedictines in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.

Cohen, Mark R. 2008. Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00003.

Cohn, Jr, and Douglas Aiton. 2012. Popular Protest in Late Medieval English Towns. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139227070.

Cohn, Norman Rufus Colin. 1970. The Pursuit of the Millennium: Revolutionary Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages. Rev. ed. London: Pimlico.

Cohn, Samuel Kline. 2004. Popular Protest in Late-Medieval Europe: Italy, France and Flanders. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112767/9781526112767.xml.

———. 2006. Lust for Liberty: The Politics of Social Revolt in Medieval Europe, 1200-1425 : Italy, France, and Flanders. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

———. 2007. ‘The Black Death, Tragedy and Transformation’. In The Renaissance World, edited by John Jeffries Martin, 69–83. New York, NY: Routledge. http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1924451.

———. 2018. Epidemics: Hate and Compassion from the Plague of Athens to AIDS. First edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819660.001.0001.

Collins, Roger. 1998. Charlemagne. Houndmills: Macmillan Press.

———. 1999a. Early Medieval Europe: 300-1000. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave (formerly Macmillan).

———. 1999b. Early Medieval Europe: 300-1000. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave (formerly Macmillan).

———. 2010a. Early Medieval Europe: 300-1000. 3rd ed. Vol. Palgrave history of Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=8b179025-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 2010b. Early Medieval Europe: 300-1000. 3rd ed. Vol. Palgrave history of Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Conant, Kenneth John. 1944. ‘Novgorod, Constantinople, and Kiev in Old Russian Church Architecture’. Slavonic and East European Review. American Series 3 (2). https://doi.org/10.2307/3020237.

Constable, Giles. 2000. Cluny from the Tenth to the Twelfth Centuries: Further Studies. Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate Variorum. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b78b9e40-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 2012. ‘The Future of Cluniac Studies’. Journal of Medieval Monastic Studies 1 (January): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1484/J.JMMS.1.102734.

Cowdrey, H. E. J. 1970. ‘Pope Urban II’ Preaching of the First Crusade’. History 55 (184): 177–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229X.1970.tb02491.x.

———. 1984. Popes, Monks and Crusaders. London: Hambledon Press.

Cowdrey, H. E. J. and Oxford University Press. 1998. Pope Gregory VII, 1073-1085. Oxford: Clarendon. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206460.001.0001.

Cross, Samuel H., H. V. Morgilevski, and K. J. Conant. 1936. ‘The Earliest Mediaeval Churches of Kiev’. Speculum 11 (4): 477–99. https://doi.org/10.2307/2848541.

Crouch, David. 2002. The Normans: The History of a Dynasty. London: Hambledon and London.

Davies, R. R. 1990. Domination and Conquest: The Experience of Ireland, Scotland and Wales 1100-1300. Vol. The Wiles lectures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3f02c5b4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Davis, R. H. C., Henry Mayr-Harting, and R. I. Moore. 1985. Studies in Medieval History Presented to R.H.C. Davis. London: Hambledon Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=47989054-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

D’Avray, David. 2001. ‘Lay Kinship and Solidarity and Papal Law’. In Law, Laity, and Solidarities: Essays in Honour of Susan Reynolds, 188–99. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Dawson, Christopher. 1955. The Mongol Mission: Narratives and Letters of the Franciscan Missionaries in Mongolia and China in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. Vol. Makers of Christendom series. London: Sheed & Ward.

DeAragon, RaGena C. 1982. ‘In Pursuit of Aristocratic Women: A Key to Success in Norman England’. Albion 14 (03): 258–67. https://doi.org/10.2307/4048516.

Denis Sinor. 1999. ‘The Mongols in the West’. Journal of Asian History 33 (1): 1–44. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41933117.

Devin DeWeese. 1979. ‘The Influence of the Mongols on the Religious Consciousness of Thirteenth-Century Europe’. Mongolian Studies 5: 41–78. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43193054.

Di Cosmo, Nicola. 2010. ‘Black Sea Emporia and the Mongol Empire: A Reassessment of the Pax Mongolica.’ Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient 53 (1): 83–108. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=45694064&site=ehost-live.

Dimnik, Martin. 2006. ‘The Rus’ Principalities (1125–1246)’. In The Cambridge History of Russia, edited by Maureen Perrie, 98–126. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521812276.006.

Dmytryshyn, Basil, ed. 1973. Medieval Russia: A Source Book, 900-1700. 2nd ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Dobson, R. B. and American Council of Learned Societies. 1970. The Peasants’ Revolt of 1381. London: Macmillan. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01538.

Douglas, David C. 1976. The Norman Fate, 1100-1154. London: Eyre Methuen. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4371665b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Douglas, David C., and George William Greenaway. 1981. English Historical Documents: Vol. 2: 1042-1189. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203439517.

Duby, Georges, Elborg Forster, and American Council of Learned Societies. 1991. Medieval Marriage: Two Models from Twelfth-Century France. Johns Hopkins paperbacks ed. Vol. The Johns Hopkins symposia in comparative history. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01186.

Duby, Georges, and Michelle Perrot. 1992. A History of Women in the West. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Duffy, Eamon. 1997. Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes. New Haven: Yale University Press in association with S4C. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300207088.

———. 2011. Ten Popes Who Shook the World. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300184273.

Duĭchev, Ivan, ed. 1985. Kiril and Methodius: Founders of Slavonic Writing : A Collection of Sources and Critical Studies. Vol. no.172. Boulder: East European Monographs.

Dunn, Alastair. n.d. ‘The Many Roles of Wat Tyler’. History Today 51 (7). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A76402662/AONE?u=glasuni&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=5c241ea0.

Earenfight, Theresa. 2013. Queenship in Medieval Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

———. 2017. ‘Medieval Queenship’. History Compass 15 (3). https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12372.

Edgington, Susan, and Sarah Lambert. 2002. Gendering the Crusades. New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=82754fcc-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Einhard, Notker, and David Ganz. 2008. Two Lives of Charlemagne. London: Penguin Books.

Ellenblum, Roni. 2002a. Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/frankish-rural-settlement-in-the-latin-kingdom-of-jerusalem/32478AB66DA39ED7973D434F43037601.

———. 2002b. Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://eleanor.lib.gla.ac.uk/search~S6?/aEllenblum%2C+Roni/aellenblum+roni;T=Frankish+rural+settlement+in+the+Latin+kingdom+of+Jerusalem/1%2C2%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=aellenblum+roni;T=Frankish+rural+settlement+in+the+Latin+kingdom+of+Jerusalem&2%2C2%2C.

‘Epistolae: Medieval Women’s Letters’. n.d. https://epistolae.ctl.columbia.edu/.

Epstein, Steven. 2009. An Economic and Social History of Later Medieval Europe, 1000-1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Erdmann, Carl and American Council of Learned Societies. 1977. The Origin of the Idea of Crusade. Vol. History e-book project. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01189.

Evans, Joan. 1931. Monastic Life at Cluny: 910-1157. London: Oxford University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=d6759916-b644-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Evergates, Theodore. 1999. Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia, Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3441524.

Flori, Jean. 2005. ‘Ideology and Motivation in the First Crusade’. In Palgrave Advances in the Crusades. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780230524095.

Forde, Simon, Lesley Johnson, and Alan V. Murray. 1995. Concepts of National Identity in the Middle Ages. Vol. Leeds texts and monographs. Leeds: Leeds Studies in English. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5ca876db-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Forte, Angelo, Richard D. Oram, and Frederik Pedersen. 2005. Viking Empires. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

‘Foundation Charter of the Monastery of Cluny (909/10)’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/chart-cluny.asp.

France, John. 1994. Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1582575.

———. 2005. The Crusades and the Expansion of Catholic Christendom, 1000-1714. New York: Routledge.

Francis Balducci Pegolotti. 1915. ‘Notices of the Land Route to Cathay and of Asiatic Trade in the First Half of the Fourteenth Century’. In Cathay and the Way Thither. Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China, 2:279–308. London. https://archive.org/stream/cathayandwaythi00marigoog#page/n68/mode/2up.

Franke, Herbert. 1994. ‘Sino-Western Contacts Under the Mongol Empire’. In China under Mongol Rule, Collected studies:49–72. Aldershot: Variorum. http://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/ba238c350f88e040d5c64d8cb722f1d0.pdf.

Franklin, Simon. 2002. Writing, Society and Culture in Early Rus, c. 950-1300. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511496509.

———. 2006. ‘Kievan Rus’ (1015–1125)’. In The Cambridge History of Russia, edited by Maureen Perrie, 73–97. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521812276.005.

Franklin, Simon, and Jonathan Shepard. 2013. The Emergence of Rus: 750-1200. London: Longman. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315836898.

Frankopan, Peter. 2012a. The First Crusade: The Call from the East. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

———. 2012b. The First Crusade: The Call from the East. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3b93cbf9-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Frantzen, Allen J., and Douglas Moffat. 1994. The Work of Work: Servitude, Slavery, and Labor in Medieval England. Glasgow: Cruithne Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=f20110d5-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Freed, John B. 2017. Frederick Barbarossa: A Prince and the Myth. New Haven: Yale University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300122763.001.0001.

‘Fulcher of Chartres: The Latins in the East (Chronicle, Bk III)’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/Fulk3.asp.

Garnett, George. 2009. The Norman Conquest: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192801616.001.0001.

Giffney, Noreen. 2012. ‘Monstrous Mongols’. Postmedieval: A Journal of Medieval Cultural Studies 3 (2): 227–45. https://doi.org/10.1057/pmed.2012.10.

Gillingham, John and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies. 2005. Anglo-Norman Studies: 27: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2004. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.

Glenn, Jason, and Robert Brentano. 2011. The Middle Ages in Texts and Texture: Reflections on Medieval Sources. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=53c310e3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Golding, Brian. 2013. Conquest and Colonisation: The Normans in Britain, 1066-1100. 2nd ed. Vol. British history in perspective. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3589922b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Guibert and Archambault, Paul J. 1996. A Monk’s Confession: The Memoirs of Guibert of Nogent. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Guibert, Benton, J. F., and Bland, C. C. Swinton. 1970. Self and Society in Medieval France: The Memoirs of Abbot Guibert of Nogent (1064?-C.1125). New York: Harper & Row.

Guzman, Gregory G. 1985. ‘Christian Europe and Mongol Asia: First Medieval Intercultural Contact Between East and West’. Essays in Medieval Studies 2: 227–44. http://www.illinoismedieval.org/ems/EMSpdf/V2/V2Guzman.pdf.

———. 2010. ‘European Captives and Craftsmen among the Mongols, 1231-1255’. The Historian 72 (1). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=glasuni&id=GALE|A221917893&v=2.1&it=r&sid=summon&userGroup=glasuni.

Hagger, M. 2012. William: King and Conqueror. London.

Hagger, Mark S. and ProQuest (Firm). 2017. Norman Rule in Normandy, 911-1144. Woodbridge, Suffolk, England: The Boydell Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=4844151.

Harper-Bill, Christopher and Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies. 1997. Anglo-Norman Studies: 19: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1996. Vol. Anglo-Norman studies. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5ba876db-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Hazard, Harry W., Robert Lee Wolff, and University of Wisconsin-Madison. Libraries. 1969. The Later Crusades, 1189-1311. 2nd ed. Vol. A history of the Crusades. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/History.CrusTwo.

Heather, P. J. 2009. Empires and Barbarians: Migrations, Development and the Birth of Europe. London: Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3489922b-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Helle, Knut, ed. 2003. The Cambridge History of Scandinavia: Volume 1: Prehistory to 1520. Vol. The Cambridge History of Scandinavia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521472999.

Higham, N. J. 1993. The Kingdom of Northumbria AD 350-1100. Stroud: Alan Sutton. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=64c1ea10-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Hilton, R. H., Hyman Fagan, and American Council of Learned Societies. 1950. The English Rising of 1381. London: Lawrence and Wishart. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01203.

Hilton, Rodney. n.d. Bond Men Made Free: Medieval Peasant Movements and the English Rising of 1381. http://lib.myilibrary.com/Open.aspx?id=9519&src=0.

Houben, Hubert. 2002. Roger II of Sicily: A Ruler between East and West. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Houts, Elisabeth Maria Cornelia van. 1999. Memory and Gender in Medieval Europe, 900-1200. Vol. Explorations in medieval culture and society. Basingstoke: Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=ba22761d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Houts, Elisabeth Maria Cornelia van. 2000a. The Normans in Europe. Vol. Manchester medieval sources series. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112675/9781526112675.xml.

———. 2000b. The Normans in Europe. Vol. Manchester medieval sources series. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112675/9781526112675.xml.

Hughes, Kathleen. 1972. Early Christian Ireland: Introduction to the Sources. Vol. The sources of history, studies in the uses of historical evidence. London: Sources of History Ltd. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5674f7c4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Ibn Jubayr, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, and Ronald J. C. Broadhurst. 2007. The Travels of Ibn Jubayr: Being the Chronicle of a Mediaeval Spanish Moor Concerning His Journey to the Egypt of Saladin, the Holy Cities of Arabia, Baghdad the City of the Caliphs, the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, and the Norman Kingdom of Sicily. New Delhi: Goodwood Books.

Innes, Matthew. 2001. ‘Keeping It in the Family: Women and Aristocratic Memory, 700-1300’. In Medieval Memories: Men, Women and the Past, 700-1300, Women and men in history:17–35. Harlow: Longman.

———. 2007a. Introduction to Early Medieval Western Europe, 300-900: The Sword, the Plough and the Book. London: Routledge.

———. 2007b. Introduction to Early Medieval Western Europe, 300-900: The Sword, the Plough and the Book. London: Routledge. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=41dfdaea-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 2007c. Introduction to Early Medieval Western Europe, 300-900: The Sword, the Plough and the Book. London: Routledge.

‘Interactive Bayeux Tapestry’. n.d. http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/interactive/BayeuxCreate.htm.

‘Internet History Sourcebooks’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/guibert-vita.asp#bk1ch7.

Jackson, Deirdre Elizabeth. 2015a. Medieval Women. London: The British Library.

———. 2015b. Medieval Women. London: The British Library.

Jackson, Mark, ed. 2017. The Routledge History of Disease. London: Routledge.

Jackson, Peter. 1987. ‘The Crusades of 1239-1241 and Their Aftermath’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 50 (01). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00053180.

———. 1999. ‘The Mongols and Europe’. In The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 5, 701–19. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894.034.

———. 2005. The Mongols and the West, 1221-1410. Vol. The medieval world. Harlow, England: Pearson Longman.

Jacques Paviot. 2000. ‘England and the Mongols (c. 1260-1330)’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 10 (3): 305–18. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25188032.

Jensen, Kurt V. 2000. ‘Devils, Noble Savages, and the Iron Gate: Thirteenth Century European Concepts of the Mongols’. Bulletin of International Medieval Research 6: 1–20.

John of Salisbury, and Marjorie Chibnall. 1956. Historia Pontificalis. Vol. Medieval texts. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons.

Johns, Susan M. 2003. Noblewomen, Aristocracy and Power in the Twelfth-Century Anglo-Norman Realm. Vol. Gender in history. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719063046.001.0001.

Jones, Martin, and G. W. Dimbleby. 1981. The Environment of Man: The Iron Age to the Anglo-Saxon Period. Vol. BAR British series. Oxford: B.A.R. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=0182e868-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Justice, Steven and American Council of Learned Societies. 1994. Writing and Rebellion: England in 1381. Vol. 27. Berkeley: University of California Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01212.

Kẹdar, B. Z. 1992. The Horns of Ḥaṭṭīn. Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4202c5b4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Kedar, Benjamin Z. 2014. ‘The Subjected Muslims of the Frankish Levant’. In Muslims under Latin Rule, 1100-1300, edited by James M. Powell, Princeton legacy library:135–74. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. http://GLA.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1700455.

Keen, Maurice Hugh. 1999. Medieval Warfare: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=44526&entityid=https://idp.gla.ac.uk/shibboleth.

Kennedy, Hugh. 1986. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century. London: Longman.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1974. ‘Radical Tendencies in the Flagellant Movement of the Fourteenth Century’. Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 1974: 157–76. https://www.academia.edu/8288752/Radical_tendencies_in_the_flagellant_movement_of_the_mid_fourteenth_century.

Kilpi, Hanna I. 2017. ‘The Role of Lesser Aristocratic Women in Twelfth-Century Yorkshire Society — The Rumilly, Arches, and St Quentin Charters’. Northern History 54 (2): 133–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172X.2017.1340244.

Kim, Margaret. 2014. ‘Globalizing Imperium: Thirteenth-Century Perspectives on the Mongols’. Literature Compass 11 (7): 472–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/lic3.12155.

Kirsten I. Bos,Verena J. Schuenemann,G. Brian Golding,Hernan A. Burbano,Nicholas Waglechner,Brian K. Coombes. n.d. ‘A Draft Genome of Yersinia Pestis from Victims of the Black Death’. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10549.

Kristeller, Paul Oskar, and Michael Mooney. 1979. Renaissance Thought and Its Sources. New York: Columbia University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=43dfdaea-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Lambert, Malcolm. 2002. Medieval Heresy: Popular Movements from the Gregorian Reform to the Reformation. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Langmuir, Gavin I. 1990. History, Religion and Antisemitism. Berkley: University of California Press.

———. 1996. Toward a Definition of Antisemitism. Berkeley: University of California Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.06460.

Lansing, Carol, and Edward D. English, eds. 2013. A Companion to the Medieval World. Paperback edition. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=4305798.

Lawrence, C. H. 2001. Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. Harlow: Longman. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1733957.

Le Goff, Jacques. 1984. The Birth of Purgatory. London: Scolar Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=9fac804d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Le Patourel, John. 1976. The Norman Empire. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Lekai, Louis Julius. 1977. The Cistercians: Ideals and Reality. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press.

Levin, Eve. 1989. Sex and Society in the World of the Orthodox Slavs, 900-1700. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/vq27zn61z.

Leyser, Henrietta. 1996. Medieval Women: A Social History of Women in England, 450-1500. London: Phoenix.

Leyser, Karl J. 1982. Medieval Germany and Its Neighbours, 900-1250. London: Hambledon Press.

Leyser, Karl J., and Timothy Reuter. 1994. Communications and Power in Medieval Europe: The Carolingian and Ottonian Centuries. London: Hambledon Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=436679.

Little, L. K. 2011. ‘Plague Historians in Lab Coats*’. Past & Present 213 (1): 267–90. https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtr014.

Little, Lester K. 2017. Indispensable Immigrants: The Wine Porters of Northern Italy and Their Saint, 1200-1800. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Little, Lester K., and Barbara H. Rosenwein. 1998. Debating the Middle Ages: Issues and Readings. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5aa876db-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Liudprand, and Paolo Squatriti. 2007. The Complete Works of Liudprand of Cremona. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

Logan, Donald F. 2005. Vikings in History. 3rd ed. New York, N.Y.: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1542525.

LoPrete, Kimberly A. 2007. ‘Women, Gender and Lordship in France, c.1050–1250’. History Compass 5 (6): 1921–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2007.00474.x.

Loud, G. A. 2000. The Age of Robert Guiscard: Southern Italy and the Norman Conquest. Harlow: Longman. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1733990.

———. 2007. The Latin Church in Norman Italy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———. 2012. Roger II and the Making of the Kingdom of Sicily. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112750/9781526112750.xml.

Loud, G A. n.d. ‘How “Norman” Was the Norman Conquest of Southern Italy?’ Nottingham Medieval StudiesNottingham Mediaeval Studies (1957-1978);Nottingham Medieval Studies 25: 13–22. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1299579428/fulltext/6062EBDC98034D18PQ/1?accountid=14540.

Loud, G. A., and A. Metcalfe. 2002. The Society of Norman Italy. Vol. The medieval Mediterranean. Leiden: Brill. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9789047401469.

Loud, G. A., and Thomas Wiedemann. 1998. The History of the Tyrants of Sicily by ‘Hugo Falcandus’, 1154-69. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112620/9781526112620.xml.

Lynch, Joseph H. 2014. The Medieval Church: A Brief History. Second edition. London: Longman. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1744139.

MacEvitt, Christopher Hatch. 2008. The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Madden, Thomas F. 2002a. The Crusades: The Essential Readings. Oxford: Blackwell.

———. 2002b. The Crusades: The Essential Readings. Oxford: Blackwell.

———. 2002c. The Crusades: The Essential Readings. Oxford: Blackwell.

Malaterra, Goffredo, and Kenneth Baxter Wolf. 2005. The Deeds of Count Roger of Calabria and Sicily and of His Brother Duke Robert Guiscard. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan Press.

Mango, Cyril A. 2002. The Oxford History of Byzantium. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780191656804.

Martin, Janet. 2007. Medieval Russia: 980-1584. Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511811074.

Matthew, Donald. 1966. The Norman Conquest. London: Batsford. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=5af0c99c-b644-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 1992. The Norman Kingdom of Sicily. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=a0ac804d-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

May, Timothy Michael. 2012. The Mongol Conquests in World History. London: Reaktion.

Mayer, Hans Eberhard. 1978a. ‘Latins, Muslims and Greeks in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem’. History 63 (208): 175–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229X.1978.tb02360.x.

———. 1978b. ‘Latins, Muslims and Greeks in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem’. History 63 (208): 175–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229X.1978.tb02360.x.

Mayr-Harting, Henry. 1991. The Coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England. 3rd ed. London: B.T. Batsford. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=14b06d32-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1994. Carolingian Culture: Emulation and Innovation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1995a. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1995a. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1995b. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362917.

———. 1995c. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362924.

———. 1995d. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521364478.

———. 1995e. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111.

———. 1995f. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111.

———. 1995g. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521414111.

McKitterick, Rosamond. 1995b. The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521362894.

McNamara, Jo Ann. n.d. ‘The Power of Women Through the Family in Medieval Europe: 500-1100’. Feminist StudiesFeminist Studies 1 (3). https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1566483.

McNamara, Jo AnnWemple, Suzanne. n.d. ‘The Power of Women Through the Family in Medieval Europe: 500-1100’. Feminist Studies 1. https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/docview/1295931370?pq-origsite=summon.

‘Medieval Sourcebook: Gregory VII: Dictatus Papae 1090’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/g7-dictpap.asp.

‘Medieval Sourcebook: Liudprand of Cremona (c.922-c.972): Embassy to Constantinople, 963 Excerpts.’ n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/liudprand-embassy-excerpts.asp.

‘Medieval Sourcebook: Twelfth Ecumenical Council: Lateran IV 1215’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/lateran4.asp.

‘Medieval Sourcebook: Urban II (1088-1099): Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095, Five Versions of the Speech’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-5vers.asp.

‘Medieval Sourcebook: Usmah Ibn Munqidh (1095-1188): Autobiography, Excerpts on the Franks’. n.d. http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/Usamah2.asp.

Melve, Leidulf. 2015. ‘Ecclesiastical Reform in Historiographical Context’. History Compass 13 (5): 213–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12232.

Miller, Maureen C. 2005. Power and the Holy in the Age of the Investiture Conflict: A Brief History with Documents. Vol. The Bedford series in history and culture. Boston, Mass: Bedford/St. Martins.

———. 2009. ‘The Crisis in the Investiture Crisis Narrative’. History Compass 7 (6): 1570–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00645.x.

MØLLER JENSEN, JANUS. 2003. ‘Peregrinatio Sive Expeditio: Why the First Crusade Was Not a Pilgrimage’. Al-Masaq 15 (2): 119–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/0950311032000117449.

‘Monasticism to A.D. 900’. n.d. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/sbook1e.asp#Monasticism to A.D. 900.

‘———’. n.d. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/sbook1e.asp#Monasticism to A.D. 900.

Moore, John C. 2003. Pope Innocent III (1160/61-1216): To Root up and to Plant. Leiden: Brill.

Moore, R. I. 1975. The Birth of Popular Heresy. Vol. 1. London: Edward Arnold.

———. 1994. The Origins of European Dissent. Vol. 30. Toronto: University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America.

———. 2000a. The First European Revolution, c. 970-1215. Oxford: Blackwell.

———. 2000b. The First European Revolution, c. 970-1215. Oxford: Blackwell.

———. 2007. The Formation of a Persecuting Society: Authority and Deviance in Western Europe, 950-1250. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781405172424.

Moore, R. I., and Michael Frassetto. 2006. Heresy and the Persecuting Society in the Middle Ages: Essays on the Work of R.I. Moore. Vol. Studies in the history of Christian traditions. Leiden: Brill. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9789047409489.

Morgan, David. 2007. The Mongols. 2nd ed. Vol. The peoples of Europe. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Publishing.

Morris, Colin. 1989. The Papal Monarchy: The Western Church from 1050 to 1250. Vol. Oxford history of the Christian Church. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01523.

———. 1991. The Papal Monarchy: The Western Church from 1050 to 1250. Vol. Oxford history of the Christian Church. Oxford: Clarendon. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198269250.001.0001.

Mortimer, Richard. 2009. Edward the Confessor: The Man and the Legend. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.

Munro, Dana Carleton. 1906. ‘The Speech of Pope Urban II. At Clermont, 1095’. The American Historical Review 11 (2). https://doi.org/10.2307/1834642.

Munz, Peter. 1969. Frederick Barbarossa: A Study in Medieval Politics. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Murray, Alan V. 1997. ‘How Norman Was the Principality of Antioch? Prolegomena to a Study of the Origins of the Nobility of a Crusader State’. In Family Trees and the Roots of Politics: The Prosopography of Britain and France from the Tenth to the Twelfth Century, 349–59. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=608e81bd-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 2011. ‘National Identity, Language and Conflict in the Crusades to the Holy Land, 1096-1192’. In The Crusades and the Near East, edited by Conor Kostick, 107–30. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780203841976.

Nestor. 1953. The Russian Primary Chronicle: Laurentian Text. Edited by Samuel H. Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor. Vol. no.60. Cambridge, Mass: Mediaeval Academy of America.

Nicholson, Helen J. 2005. Palgrave Advances in the Crusades. Vol. Palgrave advances. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780230524095.

Noble, Thomas F. X., and Julia M. H. Smith, eds. 2008. The Cambridge History of Christianity: Volume 3: Early Medieval Christianities, c.600-c.1100. Vol. Cambridge History of Christianity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521817752.

Noonan, Thomas S. 2000. ‘European Russia, c. 500–c. 1050’. In The New Cambridge Medieval History, edited by Timothy Reuter, 485–513. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521364478.020.

Obolensky, Dimitri. 1973. The Byzantine Commonwealth: Eastern Europe, 500-1453. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/p2676v88r.

Palmer, Andrew, Robert G. Hoyland, and Sebastian P. Brock. 1993. The Seventh Century in the West-Syrian Chronicles. Vol. Translated texts for historians. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://online.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/book/10.3828/978-0-85323-238-4.

Peleggi, M. 2001. ‘Shifting Alterity: The Mongol in the Visual and Literary Culture of the Late Middle Ages ’. The Medieval History Journal 4 (1): 15–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/097194580100400102.

Peters, Edward. 1998. The First Crusade: The Chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres and Other Source Materials. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Phillips, J. R. S. 1998. ‘Europe and the Mongol Invasions’. In The Medieval Expansion of Europe, 55–77. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.003.0004.

Phillips, Jonathan and University of London. 1997. The First Crusade: Origins and Impact. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=64005808-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Phillips, Kim M. 2013. A Cultural History of Women in the Middle Ages. Vol. A cultural history of women. London: Bloomsbury.

Polo, Marco. 1958. The Travels of Marco Polo. Edited by Ronald Latham. London: Penguin Books.

Pope Alexander III (1159-81): The Art of Survival. 2012. Vol. Church, faith, and culture in the medieval West. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate.

Powell, James M. 1994. Innocent III: Vicar of Christ or Lord of the World? 2nd, expanded ed ed. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

———. 2004. The Deeds of Pope Innocent III. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

———. 2014. Muslims under Latin Rule, 1100-1300. Vol. Princeton legacy library. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1700455.

Prawer, Joshua. 1980a. Crusader Institutions. Oxford: Clarendon.

———. 1980b. Crusader Institutions. Oxford: Clarendon. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=0282e868-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 1985. ‘Social Classes in the Crusader States: The “Minorities”’. In A History of the Crusades, Vol. 5: The Impact of the Crusades on the Near East, edited by Kenneth Meyer Setton, Norman P. Zacour, and Harry W. Hazard, 59–116. Madison. http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=article&did=History.CrusFive.i0016&id=History.CrusFive&isize=M.

———. 1988. The History of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Oxford: Clarendon. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b1d05847-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Prazniak, Roxann. 2010. ‘Siena on the Silk Roads: Ambrogio Lorenzetti and the Mongol Global Century, 1250–1350’. Journal of World History 21 (2): 177–217. https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.0.0123.

Pryor, John H. 2006. Logistics of Warfare in the Age of the Crusades: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Sydney, 30 September to 4 October 2002. Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=42dfdaea-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Purkis, William J. 2008. Crusading Spirituality in the Holy Land and Iberia, c.1095-c.1187. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781846156243.

R. I. Moore. 1997. ‘The Birth of Europe as a Eurasian Phenomenon’. Modern Asian Studies 31 (3): 583–601. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X00017078.

Reuter, Timothy, and Janet L. Nelson. 2006. Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511497216.

Reynolds, Susan. 2003. ‘Fiefs and Vassals in Twelfth-Century Jerusalem: A View from the West’. Crusades 1. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=5774f7c4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Ricketts, Philadelphia. 2003. ‘Widows, Religious Patronage and Family Identity: Some Cases from Twelfth-Century Yorkshire’. Haskins Society Journal 14.

Ridyard, Susan J. and Sewanee Mediaeval Colloquium. 2004. The Medieval Crusade. Vol. Sewanee mediaeval studies. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4ad97600-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Riley-Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher. 1973a. The Feudal Nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277. London: Macmillan.

———. 1973b. The Feudal Nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277. London: Macmillan.

———. 1973c. The Feudal Nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277. London: Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=15b06d32-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 1986. The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=436855.

———. 1997a. The First Crusaders, 1095-1131. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———. 1997b. The First Crusaders, 1095-1131. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=1cce7539-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Riley-Smith, Louise, and Jonathan Simon Christopher Riley-Smith. 1981. The Crusades: Idea and Reality, 1095-1274. London: E. Arnold.

Roach, Andrew P. 2005. The Devil’s World: Heresy and Society 1100-1300. Harlow: Pearson Longman.

Robinson, I. S. 1990. The Papacy 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation. Vol. Cambridge medieval textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=c5cb3b17-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

———. 1999. Henry IV of Germany: 1056-1106. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———. 2004. The Papal Reform of the Eleventh Century: Lives of Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII. Vol. Manchester medieval sources series. Manchester: Manchester University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112668/9781526112668.xml.

Roesdahl, Else. 1998. The Vikings. 2nd ed. London: Penguin Books. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=8c179025-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Rogerius. 2010. Gesta Hungarorum. Edited by Martyn C. Rady, László Veszprémy, and János M. Bak. English ed. Vol. Central European medieval texts. Budapest: Central European University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=3137319.

Rollason, D. W. 2014. Early Medieval Europe 300-1050: The Birth of Western Society. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1694356.

Rosenwein, Barbara H. 1989. To Be the Neighbor of Saint Peter: The Social Meaning of Cluny’s Property. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=3c93cbf9-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Royal Historical Society (Great Britain) and Cambridge University Press. 1872. ‘Transactions of the Royal Historical Society’.

Samuel K. Cohn, Jr. 2007. ‘The Black Death and the Burning of Jews’. Past & Present, no. 196: 3–36. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25096679.

Sarris, Peter. 2011. Empires of Faith: The Fall of Rome to the Rise of Islam, 500-700. Vol. The Oxford history of Medieval Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261260.001.0001.

Saul, Nigel. 1994. England in Europe 1066-1453. Vol. A history today book. London: Collins & Brown. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4102c5b4-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Sawyer, P. H. 1997. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=1dce7539-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Sayers, Jane E. 1994. Innocent III: Leader of Europe 1198-1216. Vol. The medieval world. London: Longman.

Searle, E. 1980. ‘Women and the Legitimisation of Succession at the Norman Conquest’,  Pp. 159-170, 226-229’. Anglo-Norman Studies 3: 159-170-226–29.

Searle, Eleanor. 1988. Predatory Kinship and the Creation of Norman Power 840-1066. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Shahar, Shulamith. 2003. The Fourth Estate: A History of Women in the Middle Ages. Rev. ed. London: Routledge. http://www.GLA.eblib.com/EBLWeb/patron/?target=patron&extendedid=E_338034_0.

Shepard, Jonathan. 2006. ‘The Origins of Rus’ (c.900–1015)’. In The Cambridge History of Russia, edited by Maureen Perrie, 45–72. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521812276.004.

———. 2007. ‘Rus’’. In Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy : Scandinavia, Central Europe and Rus’ c.900–1200, edited by Nora Berend, 369–416. Cambridge University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/reader.action?docID=328932&ppg=385.

———, ed. 2009a. The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500́ђأ1492. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521832311.

———, ed. 2009b. The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500́ђأ1492. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521832311.

Sibly, W. A., M. D. Sibly, and Petrus Sarnensis. 1998. The History of the Albigensian Crusade: Peter of Les Vaux-de-Cernay’s Historia Albigensis. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=fe8b2fae-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Sinor, Denis. 1975. ‘The Mongols and Western Europe’. In A History of the Crusades, Vol. III, edited by Kenneth Meyer Setton, 513–44. London & Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=article&did=History.CrusThree.i0027&id=History.CrusThree&isize=M.

Skinner, Patricia, and Elisabeth M. C. Van Houts. 2011. Medieval Writings on Secular Women. London: Penguin.

Slitt, Rebecca. 2012. ‘The Boundaries of Women’s Power: Gender and the Discourse of Political Friendship in Twelfth-Century England’. Gender & History 24 (1): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0424.2011.01665.x.

Somerville, Robert and Oxford University Press. 2011. Pope Urban II’s Council of Piacenza. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199258598.001.0001.

Sorokin, Pjotr. 1994. ‘Some Results of the Study of Medieval Boatbuilding Traditions in North-West Russia’. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 23 (2): 129–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1994.tb00452.x.

Stafford, Pauline. 1989. Unification and Conquest: A Political and Social History of England in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. London: Edward Arnold.

———. 2009. A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c.500-1100. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9781444311013.

Stein-Wilkeshuis, Martina. 2002. ‘Scandinavians Swearing Oaths in Tenth-Century Russia: Pagans and Christians’. Journal of Medieval History 28 (2): 155–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4181(02)00003-9.

Story, Joanna. 2005. Charlemagne: Empire and Society. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Stow, Kenneth R. 1994. Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Strack, Georg. 2012. ‘The Sermon of Urban II in Clermont and the Tradition of Papal Oratory’. Medieval Sermon Studies, 30–45. https://doi.org/10.1179/1366069112Z.0000000002.

Stroll, Mary. 2004. Calixtus II (1119-1124): A Pope Born to Rule. Vol. Studies in the history of Christian traditions. Leiden: Brill.

Swanson, R. N. and Ecclesiastical History Society. 2000. The Holy Land, Holy Lands, and Christian History: Papers Read at the 1998 Summer Meeting and the 1999 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Vol. Studies in church history. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Published for the Ecclesiastical History Society by the Boydell Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=413820f3-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Sweeney, James Ross. 1994. ‘Identifying the Medieval Refugee: Hungarians in Flight during the Mongol Invasion’. In Forms of Identity. Definitions and Changes, edited by Ladislaus Löb, István Petrovics, and György E. Szınyi, 63–76.

Synan, E. A. 1989. ‘The Popes’ "other Sheep”’. In The Religious Roles of the Papacy: Ideals and Realities 1150- 1300, edited by Christopher Ryan. Vol. 8. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.

‘The Charter of Charity (Carta Caritatis)’. n.d. http://archive.osb.org/cist/charta.html.

Thomson, John A. F. 1998. The Western Church in the Middle Ages. London: Arnold.

Tierney, Brian and Medieval Academy of America. 1988. The Crisis of Church and State, 1050-1300. Vol. Medieval Academy reprints for teaching. Toronto: University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America.

Trivellato, Francesca, Leor Halevi, and Cátia Antunes, eds. 2014. Religion and Trade: Cross-Cultural Exchanges in World History, 1000-1900. New York: Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199379187.001.0001.

Turner, Samuel Epes, ed. 1880. ‘Einhard: The Life of Charlemagne’. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1880. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/einhard.asp.

Tyerman, Christopher. 2006a. God’s War: A New History of the Crusades. London: Allen Lane. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780141904313.

———. 2006b. God’s War: A New History of the Crusades. London: Allen Lane.

———. 2006c. God’s War: A New History of the Crusades. London: Allen Lane. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=63005808-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Tyerman, Christopher. 2012. Chronicles of the First Crusade 1096-1099. Vol. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin.

Ullman, Walter and American Council of Learned Societies. 1962. The Growth of Papal Government in the Middle Ages: A Study in the Ideological Relation of Clerical to Lay Power. 2nd ed. Vol. History e-book project. London: Methuen. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01079.

Ullmann, Walter. 1972. A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages. London: Methuen.

University of Pennsylvania. 1895. Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History. Vol. Vol 1:2. https://archive.org/stream/urbanandcrusade00munrgoog#page/n4/mode/2up.

———. 1897. Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History. Philadelphia.

Usamah ibn Munqidh. 2008. The Book of Contemplation: Islam and the Crusades. Edited by Paul M. Cobb. London: Penguin Books.

Vernadsky, George. 1941. ‘The Status of the Russian Church during the First Half-Century Following Vladimir’s Conversion’. Slavonic Year-Book 20. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1293647181?pq-origsite=summon.

Vernadsky, George. 1944. ‘Three Notes on the Social History of Kievan Russia’. Slavonic and East European Review. American Series 3 (4). https://doi.org/10.2307/3020189.

———. 1951. ‘The Royal Serfs (Servi Regales) of the `Ruthenian Law’ and Their Origin’. Speculum 26 (2): 255–64. https://doi.org/10.2307/2852405.

———. 1979. Medieval Russian Laws. New York: Octagon Books. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/nv935320p.

Voegelin, E. 1941. ‘The Mongol Orders of Submission to European Powers, 1245–1255’. Byzantion 15: 378–413. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44168533.

Walker, David. 1995. The Normans in Britain. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

Wallerstein, Immanuel Maurice. 1974. The Modern World-System, Vol. I: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century. New York. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.31242.

Walter, John, and R. S. Schofield. 1989. Famine, Disease and the Social Order in Early Modern Society. Vol. Cambridge studies in population, economy and society in past time. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=618e81bd-cf40-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Webber, Nick. 2005. The Evolution of Norman Identity, 911-1154. Suffolk: Boydell Press.

‘Western Monasticism after 900’. n.d. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/sbook1s.asp#Western%20Monasticism%20-%20After%20A.D.%20900.

Wickham, Chris. 2009a. The Inheritance of Rome: A History of Europe from 400 to 1000. London: Allen Lane.

———. 2009b. The Inheritance of Rome: A History of Europe from 400 to 1000. London: Allen Lane. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=48989054-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

William, Emily Atwater Babcock, August C. Krey, and American Council of Learned Societies. 1943. A History of Deeds Done beyond the Sea. Vol. Records of civilization, sources and studies. New York: Columbia University Press. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.06057.

Williams, Ann. 1995a. The English and the Norman Conquest. Woodbridge: Boydell.

———. 1995b. The English and the Norman Conquest. Woodbridge: Boydell. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=c4cb3b17-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Wilson, Andrew. 2015. The Ukrainians: Unexpected Nation. Fourth edition. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780300219654.

Wilson, David Raoul. 1992. Anglo-Saxon Paganism. London: Routledge. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=4bd97600-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.

Wolf, Kenneth Baxter. 1995. Making History: The Normans and Their Historians in Eleventh-Century Italy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Wood, Michael. 2005. In Search of the Dark Ages. Pbk. ed. London: BBC Books. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk//secure/link?id=b88b9e40-d040-e911-80cd-005056af4099.