Adogame, A. U., & Lawrence, A. G. (Eds.). (2014). Africa in Scotland, Scotland in Africa: historical legacies and contemporary hybridities: Vol. Volume 14. Brill. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gla/detail.action?docID=1815761
Afigbo, A. E. (2009). Africa and the Abolition of the Slave Trade. The William and Mary Quarterly, 66(4), 705–714. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40467537
Akyeampong, E. K. (2006). Themes in West Africa’s history. Ohio University Press.
Alpern, S. B. (1995). What Africans Got for Their Slaves: A Master List of European Trade Goods. History in Africa, 22, 5–43. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3171906
Anderson, R. (2017). Uncovering testimonies of slavery and the slave trade in missionary sources: the SHADD biographies project and the CMS and MMS archives for Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and the Gambia. Slavery & Abolition, 38(3), 620–644. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2016.1223709
Austen, R. A. (1987). African economic history: internal development and external dependency. James Currey.
Austen, R. A., & Smith, W. D. (1969). Images of Africa and British Slave-Trade Abolition: The Transition to an Imperialist Ideology, 1787-1807. African Historical Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.2307/216327
Baquaqua, M. G., Law, R., & Lovejoy, P. E. (2007). The biography of Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua: his passage from slavery to freedom in Africa and America. Markus Wiener Publisher.
Behrendt, S. D. (2001). Markets, Transaction Cycles, and Profits: Merchant Decision Making in the British Slave Trade. The William and Mary Quarterly, 58(1). https://doi.org/10.2307/2674423
Behrendt, S. D., Duke, A., Latham, A. J. H., Northrup, D., & International African Institute. (2010). The diary of Antera Duke, an eighteenth-century African slave trader. Oxford University Press.
Behrendt, S. D., & Graham, E. J. (2003). African Merchants, Notables and the Slave Trade at Old Calabar, 1720: Evidence from the National Archives of Scotland. History in Africa, 30, 37–61. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3172081
Bellagamba, A., Greene, S. E., & Klein, M. A. (2013). African voices on slavery and the slave trade. Cambridge University Press.
Bethell, L. (1970). The abolition of the Brazilian slave trade: Britain, Brazil and the slave question 1807-1869 (Vol. 6). Cambridge U.P.
Brown, C. L. (2006). Moral capital: foundations of British abolitionism. University of North Carolina Press.
Candido, M. P. (2015). An African slaving port and the Atlantic world: Benguela and its hinterland (First paperback edition, Vol. 124). Cambridge University Press.
Chadwyck-Healey, Inc. (2005). House of Commons parliamentary papers [Electronic resource]. Chadwyck-Healey. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://parlipapers.proquest.com/?accountid=14540
Clarence‐Smith, G. (1984). The Portuguese contribution to the Cuban slave and coolie trades in the nineteenth century. Slavery & Abolition, 5(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/01440398408574863
Clarence-Smith, W. C. (1990). Emigration from Western Africa, 1807–1940. Itinerario, 14(01).
Clarence‐Smith, W. G. (1993). Labour conditions in the plantations of São tomé and príncipe, 1875–1914. Slavery & Abolition, 14(1), 149–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/01440399308575088
Curtin, P. D. (1965). The image of Africa: British ideas and action, 1780-1850. Macmillan.
Curtin, P. D. (1967). Africa remembered; narratives by West Africans from the era of the slave trade. University of Wisconsin Press.
Curtin, P. D. (1998). The rise and fall of the plantation complex: essays in Atlantic history (2nd ed). Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.03231
Curto, J. C. (2011). Alcohol under the Context of the Atlantic Slave Trade: The Case of Benguela and its Hinterland (Angola) ( L’alcool dans le contexte de la traite altlantique d’esclaves. Le cas de Benguela et de son arrière-pays (Angola)). Cahiers d’Études Africaines, 51, 51–85. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41445418
Davis, D. B. (2006). Inhuman bondage: the rise and fall of slavery in the New World. Oxford University Press. https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=GlasgowUni&isbn=9780199726653
Devine, T. M. (Ed.). (2015). Recovering Scotland’s slavery past: the Caribbean connection. Edinburgh University Press.
Devine, T. M., Jackson, G., Fraser, W. H., & Maver, I. (1995). Glasgow. Manchester University Press.
Domingues da Silva, D. B. (2017). The Atlantic slave trade from West Central Africa, 1780-1867. Cambridge University Press.
Drescher, S. (2010). Econocide: British slavery in the era of abolition (2nd ed). University of North Carolina Press.
Duffill, M. (2004). The Africa trade from the ports of Scotland, 1706–66. Slavery & Abolition, 25(3), 102–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039042000302260
DuPlessis, R. S. (2016). The material Atlantic: clothing, commerce, and colonization in the Atlantic World, 1650-1800. Cambridge University Press.
Eltis, D. (1979). The British Contribution to the Nineteenth-Century Transatlantic Slave Trade. The Economic History Review, 32(2). https://doi.org/10.2307/2595454
Eltis, D. (1987). Economic growth and the ending of the transatlantic slave trade. Oxford University Press.
Eltis, D., & Richardson, D. (2008). Extending the frontiers: essays on the new transatlantic slave trade database. Yale University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300134360.001.0001
Eltis, D., Richardson, D., & Davis, D. B. (2010). Atlas of the transatlantic slave trade (D. W. Blight, Ed.). Yale University Press.
Eltis, D., Walvin, J., & Green-Pedersen, S. E. (1981). The abolition of the Atlantic slave trade: origins and effects in Europe, Africa, and the Americas. University of Wisconsin Press.
Equiano, O. (2003). The interesting narrative and other writings (V. Carretta, Ed.; Revised edition). Penguin Books. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=1127301
Evans, C., & Rydén, G. (2018). ‘Voyage Iron’: An Atlantic Slave Trade Currency, its European Origins, and West African Impact*. Past & Present, 239(1), 41–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtx055
Ferreira, R. (2012). Cross-Cultural Exchange in the Atlantic World: Angola and Brazil during the Era of the Slave Trade: Vol. no. 121. Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139025096
Gemery, H. A., & Hogendorn, J. S. (1979). The uncommon market: essays in the economic history of the Atlantic slave trade. Academic Press.
Getz, T. R. (2004). Slavery and reform in West Africa: toward emancipation in nineteenth-century Senegal and the Gold Coast. Ohio University Press.
Grant, K. (2005). A civilised savagery: Britain and the new slaveries in Africa, 1884-1926. Routledge.
Greene, J. P., & Morgan, P. D. (2009). Atlantic history: a critical appraisal. Oxford University Press.
Greene, S. E. (2011). West African narratives of slavery: texts from late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Ghana. Indiana University Press.
Greene, S. E. (2017). Slave owners of West Africa: decision making in the age of abolition. Indiana University Press.
Harris, J. A. E. (2016). Circuits of wealth, circuits of sorrow: financing the illegal transatlantic slave trade in the age of suppression, 1850–66. Journal of Global History, 11(03), 409–429. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740022816000218
Hawthorne, W. (2001). Nourishing a Stateless Society during the Slave Trade: The Rise of Balanta Paddy-Rice Production in Guinea-Bissau. The Journal of African History, 42(1), 1–24. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3647213
Higgs, C. (n.d.). Chocolate Islands: Cocoa, Slavery, and Colonial Africa.
Hopkins, A. G. (1973). An economic history of West Africa. Longman.
Inikori, J. E. (1977). The Import of Firearms into West Africa 1750–1807: a quantitative analysis. The Journal of African History, 18(03). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700027304
Inikori, J. E. (2002). Africans and the industrial revolution in England: a study in international trade and development. Cambridge University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02605
Inikori, J. E. (2007). Africa and the globalization process: western Africa,  1450–1850. Journal of Global History, 2(01). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740022807002045
Isert, P. E., & Winsnes, S. A. (2007). Letters on West Africa and the slave trade: Paul Erdmann Isert’s journey to Guinea and the Carribean islands in Columbia (1788). Sub-Saharan Publishers.
Klein, H. S. (2010). The Atlantic slave trade (2nd ed., New ed). Cambridge University Press.
Klein, H. S., & Vinson, B. (2007). African slavery in Latin America and the Caribbean (2nd ed). Oxford University Press.
Klein, M. A. (1972). Social and Economic Factors in the Muslim Revolution in Senegambia. The Journal of African History, 13(3), 419–441. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/180588
Klein, M. A. (1993a). Breaking the chains: slavery, bondage, and emancipation in modern Africa and Asia. University of Wisconsin Press.
Klein, M. A. (1993b). Breaking the chains: slavery, bondage, and emancipation in modern Africa and Asia. University of Wisconsin Press.
Klein, M. A. (1993c). Breaking the chains: slavery, bondage, and emancipation in modern Africa and Asia. University of Wisconsin Press.
Klein, M. A. (1993d). Breaking the chains: slavery, bondage, and emancipation in modern Africa and Asia. University of Wisconsin Press.
Kobayashi, K. (2017). Indian Textiles and Gum Arabic in the Lower Senegal River: Global Significance of Local Trade and Consumers in the Early Nineteenth Century. African Economic History, 45(2), 27–53. https://doi.org/10.1353/aeh.2017.0005
Kriger, C. E. (2006). Cloth in West African history. AltaMira Press.
Lambert, D. (2013). Mastering the Niger: James MacQueen’s African geography and the struggle over Atlantic slavery. The University of Chicago Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://chicago.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.7208/chicago/9780226078236.001.0001/upso-9780226078069
Lambert, S. (1975). House of Commons sessional papers of the eighteenth century.
Last, J. T. (n.d.). Polyglotta Africana orientalis: or a comparative collection of two hundred and fifty words and sentences in forty-eight languages and dialects spoken.
Law, R. (1997). The Politics of Commercial Transition: Factional Conflict in Dahomey in the Context of the Ending of the Atlantic Slave Trade. The Journal of African History, 38(2), 213–233. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-commercial-transition-factional-conflict-in-dahomey-in-the-context-of-the-ending-of-the-atlantic-slave-trade/4CA87615F06B3D593D510C89BBABE996
Law, R. (2004). Ouidah: the social history of a West African slaving ‘port’, 1727-1892. Ohio University Press.
Law, R., Schwarz, S., & Strickrodt, S. (Eds.). (2016). Commercial agriculture, the slave trade & slavery in Atlantic Africa. James Currey.
Law, R. & University of Stirling. Centre of Commonwealth Studies. (2002). From slave trade to ‘legitimate’ commerce: the commercial transition in nineteenth-century West Africa : papers from a conference of the Centre of Commonwealth Studies, University of Stirling (1st pbk. ed, Vol. 86). Cambridge University Press.
Lawrance, B. N., & Roberts, R. L. (Eds.). (2012). Trafficking in slavery’s wake: law and the experience of women and children. Ohio University Press.
Livingstone, D. (1857). Missionary travels and researches in South Africa: including a sketch of sixteen years’ residence in the interior of Africa and a journey from the Cape of Good Hope to Loanda on the West coast, thence across the continent, down the River Zambesi to the Eastern Ocean. J. Murray. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044042795997;view=1up;seq=9
Lovejoy, P. E. (1989). The Impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade on Africa: A Review of the Literature. The Journal of African History, 30(03). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700024439
Lovejoy, P. E. (2002). Islam, slavery, and political transformation in West Africa : constraints on the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Outre-Mers, 89(336), 247–282. https://doi.org/10.3406/outre.2002.3992
Lovejoy, P. E. (2011). Transformations in slavery: a history of slavery in Africa (3rd ed, Vol. 117). Cambridge University Press.
Lovejoy, P. E., & Falola, T. (2003). Pawnship, slavery, and colonialism in Africa. Africa World Press.
Lovejoy, P. E., & Oliveira, V. S. (2013). An Index to the Slavery and Slave Trade Enquiry: The British Parliamentary House of Commons Sessional Papers, 1788-1792. History in Africa, 40(01), 193–255. https://doi.org/10.1017/hia.2013.11
Lovejoy, P. E., & Richardson, D. (1999). Trust, Pawnship, and Atlantic History: The Institutional Foundations of the Old Calabar Slave Trade. The American Historical Review, 104(2). https://doi.org/10.2307/2650369
Lovejoy, P. E., & Richardson, D. (2001). The Business of Slaving: Pawnship in Western Africa, c. 1600-1810. The Journal of African History, 42(1), 67–89. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/business-of-slaving-pawnship-in-western-africa-c-16001810/BCF564EFACF2D4B27F89A6A9FDC0CBA3
Lovejoy, P. E., & Richardson, D. (2004). 'This Horrid Hole’: Royal Authority, Commerce and Credit at Bonny, 1690-1840. The Journal of African History, 45(3), 363–392. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853704009879
Lynn, M. (1981). Change and Continuity in the British Palm Oil Trade with West Africa, 1830-55. The Journal of African History, 22(3), 331–348. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/181807
Lynn, M. (1986). The ‘imperialism of free trade’ and the case of West Africa, c.1830‐c.1870. The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 15(1), 22–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03086538608582727
Lynn, M. (1989). From Sail to Steam: The Impact of the Steamship Services on the British Palm Oil Trade with West Africa, 1850-1890. The Journal of African History, 30(2), 227–245. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/183066
Lynn, M. (2002). Commerce and economic change in West Africa: the palm oil trade in the nineteenth century (First paperback edition, Vol. 93). Cambridge University Press.
MacGaffey, W. (2008). Kongo Slavery Remembered by Themselves: Texts from 1915. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 41(1), 55–76. http://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40282456
Macola, G. (2010). REASSESSING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FIREARMS IN CENTRAL AFRICA: THE CASE OF NORTH-WESTERN ZAMBIA TO THE 1920S. The Journal of African History, 51(3), 301–321. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23017720
Mann, K. (2010). Slavery and the birth of an African city: Lagos, 1760-1900. Indiana University Press.
Manning, P. (1990). Slavery and African life: occidental, oriental and African slave trades (Vol. 67). Cambridge University Press.
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Miers, S., & Roberts, R. L. (1988). The End of slavery in Africa. University of Wisconsin Press.
Miller, J. C. (1988). Way of death: merchant capitalism and the Angolan slave trade, 1730-1830. University of Wisconsin Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02634
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016a). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016b). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016c). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016d). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016e). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016f). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
Misevich, P., & Mann, K. (Eds.). (2016g). The rise and demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world: Vol. Volume 71. University of Rochester Press.
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Newbury, C. W. (1965). British policy towards West Africa: select documents. Clarendon P.
Newton, J. (1962). The journal of a slave trader (John Newton), 1750 to 1754, with Newton’s ‘Thoughts upon the African slave trade’. Epworth P.
Northrup, D. (1976). The Compatibility of the Slave and Palm Oil Trades in the Bight of Biafra. The Journal of African History, 17(3), 353–364. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/180699
Northrup, D. (1995). Indentured labor in the age of imperialism, 1834-1922. Cambridge University Press.
Northrup, D. (2014). Africa’s discovery of Europe, 1450-1850 (3rd ed). Oxford University Press. https://ezproxy.lib.gla.ac.uk/login?url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.31093
Paquette, G. (2010). After Brazil: Portuguese Debates on Empire, c. 1820-1850. Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2010.0005
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Richardson, D. (2001). Shipboard Revolts, African Authority, and the Atlantic Slave Trade. The William and Mary Quarterly, 58(1). https://doi.org/10.2307/2674419
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Rönnbäck, K. (2013). Enlightenment, Scientific Exploration and Abolitionism: Anders Sparrman’s and Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Colonial Encounters in Senegal, 1787–1788 and the British Abolitionist Movement. Slavery & Abolition, 34(3), 425–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2012.734113
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